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Biomedical subjects

S Fujita

Publications and source records attributed to S Fujita.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Radiation protection system at the RIKEN RI beam factory.

The RIKEN RI (radioactive isotope) Beam Factory is scheduled to commence operations in 2006, and its maximum energy will be 400 MeV u(-1) for ions lighter than Ar and 350 MeV u(-1) for uranium. The beam intensity will be 1 pmicroA (6 x 10(12) particles s(-1)) for any element at the goal. For the hands-on-maintenance and the rational shield thickness of the building, the beam loss must be controlled with several kinds of monitors. Three types of radiation monitors will be installed. The first one consists of a neutron dose equivalent monitor and an ionisation chamber, which are commercially available area monitors. The second one is a conventional hand-held dose equivalent monitor wherein the logarithmic signal is read by a programmable logic controller based on the radiation safety interlock system (HIS). The third one is a simple plastic scintillator called a beam loss monitor. All the monitors have threshold levels for alarm and beam stop, and HIS reads all these signals.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed2005

[Tetraplegia and respiratory failure due to carcinomatous neuropathy in the early postoperative period of a lung cancer patient: report of a case].

A 63-year-old man, with atypical pulmonary mycobacteriosis and also with hepatic dysfunction due to chronic hepatitis C, underwent wedge resection of the right lower lobe for non-small cell lung cancer. On the 9th postoperative day, the patient developed acute tetraplegia and then respiratory failure. Neither computed tomography (CT) nor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain and cervical vertebrae showed any cancer metastases. The neurological symptoms were those of Guillain-Barre syndrome. Therefore, we speculate that the cause of the neuromyopathy might be autoimmune antibodies from lung cancer. Steroid pulse therapy and plasma exchange treatment were effective and the patient's symptoms disappeared in a month. We reported the extremely rare case of a lung cancer patient with acute tetraplegia in the early postoperative period.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed2004

A comparison of the complication rates between laparoscopic colectomy and laparoscopic low anterior resection.

BACKGROUND: This study compared the short-term outcomes, including the complication rate and minimum surgical invasiveness, between patients with colon and rectal carcinomas, who underwent laparoscopic surgery. METHODS: A review evaluated 151 patients who underwent laparoscopic colectomy (Lap-colectomy; n = 120) and laparoscopic low anterior resection (Lap-LAR; n = 31) between July 2001 and December 2003. The short-term outcomes were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The mean operative time and blood loss were significantly greater in the Lap-LAR group. However, the complication rates and postoperative course between the two approaches were similar, and no anastomotic leakage was observed. There was no significant difference in the serum C-reactive protein level and white blood cell count between the two groups in the early postoperative period. CONCLUSIONS: Lap-LAR for rectal carcinoma can be performed safely without increased morbidity or mortality, and its short-term benefits are comparable with those conferred by Lap-colectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Establishment of a clonal human mesenchymal cell line that retains multilineage differentiation capacity from a spinal hamartoma.

We isolated a single-cell-derived cell line from a spinal hamartoma, a which occurred in a newborn boy and was associated with a rudimentary limb. The maternal cells (HHC-7) differentiated into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, and skeletal muscles when they were cultured in differentiation-inducing media specific to each mesenchymal cell. We isolated a single-cell-derived clonal cell line (Clone K) after transfection with SV40 T antigen. These cells expressed CD73 and CD117, while being negative for expression of CD45. Clone K cells cultured in an osteogenic differentiation medium increased ALP activity and expressed mRNAs for Runx2 and osteocalcin. Treatment with rhBMP-2 induced Clone K cells to differentiate into both osteoblasts and chondrocytes. These cells expressed mRNAs for Sox9 and aggrecan in addition to osteogenic markers. Culture in an adipogenic differentiation medium induced Clone K cells to differentiation into adipocytes, which expressed mRNAs for PPARgamma2 and a2P. Clone K cells cultured in a serum-depleted medium generated desmin-positive cells and expressed MyoD1 mRNA. Clone K cells exhibited numerous alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive cells; however, treatment with rhBMP-2 decreased their number. Clone K cells, transplanted with a carrier containing rhBMP-2 into the muscles of SCID mice, generated ectopic endochondral bone formation. In these tissues, several osteoblasts and chondrocytes expressed SV40 T antigen, indicating their Clone K cell origin. Thus, Clone K cells are useful tools for analyzing the characteristics of human multipotential mesenchymal progenitors.

Adipocytes↗
PubMed2004

Synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint: clinical and immunohistopathological considerations.

A histopathological study of 30 cases of synovial osteochondromatosis found that the process followed a temporal sequence characterised by three phases: (I) active intrasynovial disease only; (II) transitional lesions with both active intrasynovial proliferation and free loose bodies; and (III) many free osteochondral bodies with no demonstrable intrasynovial disease [J. Bone Joint Surg. 59 (1977) 792]. We present five cases of synovial chondromatosis of the temporpmandibular joint (TMJ) which we studied by immunohistochemical methods of for transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) and tenascin.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia occurring after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.

A 61-year-old man with angioimmunoblastic lymphoma in first complete remission underwent autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. At 1 month post transplant, asymptomatic large granular lymphocytosis developed. The surface marker profile of the cells was CD3+CD8+CD56-CD57+. The disease course was chronic and indolent. The patient remains in complete remission from angioimmunoblastic lymphoma more than 6 months post transplant with persistent large granular lymphocytosis (lymphocyte count, 5-15 x 10(9)/l). Although post transplantation T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders have mostly occurred in allogeneic transplantation recipients and presented as aggressive lymphomas/leukemias, we suggest that chronic indolent T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia can occur after autologous stem cell transplantation.

Humans↗
PubMed2004

FLJ10849, a septin family gene, fuses MLL in a novel leukemia cell line CNLBC1 derived from chronic neutrophilic leukemia in transformation with t(4;11)(q21;q23).

A t(4;11)(q21;q23) has been described in 50-70% of cases of infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia and, less frequently, in cases of pediatric and adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In t(4;11)(q21;q23) leukemias, the AF4 gene has been cloned as a fusion partner of the MLL gene. A human myeloid leukemia cell line, chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL)BC1, was established from a peripheral blood specimen of a patient with CNL in leukemic transformation. As with the original leukemia cells, the established line had a t(4;11)(q21;q23). We showed that the MLL gene on 11q23 was fused to the FLJ10849 gene on 4q21. The protein encoded by FLJ10849 belongs to the septin family, sharing highest homology with human SEPT6, which is one of the fusion partners of MLL in t(X;11)(q13;q23) AML. Our results suggest that FLJ10849 might define a new septin family particularly involved in the pathogenesis of 11q23-associated leukemia. The established cell line, CNLBC1, could provide a useful model for analyzing the pathogenesis of MLL-septin leukemias and chronic neutrophilic leukemia.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2004

The immunohistochemical distribution of vimentin in human temporomandibular joint samples.

The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the immunohistochemical distribution of vimentin in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and to compare it with the control specimens. Immunohistochemical distribution in the disc and synovial membrane in 30 human TMJ (internal derangement of TMJ, n = 20; and control, n = 10) was studied immunohistologically using paraffin-embedded tissue and specific anti-human vimentin monoclonal antibody. Vimentin expression was distributed in chondrocyte-like cells, synovial cells and endothelial cells. There was an obvious distinction of vimentin immunoreactivity between the control specimens and internal derangement cases, in the posterior and/or anterior loose connective tissues. In particular, intensive vimentin expression was detected in the hypertrophic synovial membrane of internal derangement cases. The findings of the present study suggest that vimentin might be an important marker of pathological hypertrophy of the synovial membrane and/or connective tissue with internal derangement of TMJ.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Dorsal plating for comminuted intra-articular fractures of the distal end of the radius.

Forty-one dorsally displaced intra-articular fractures of the distal radius were treated by open reduction and internal fixation with the dorsal Symmetry plates. The average age at the time of the injury was 49 years. An average follow-up period was 15 months. The final radial length averaged 11 mm, radial inclination 23 degrees, volar tilt 7 degrees, ulnar variance 1.5 mm, and articular incongruity 0.3 mm. According to the Gartland and Werly scales, 36 fractures were excellent and five were good. However, ulnar variance increased more than 3 mm during follow-up in eight patients, and volar tilt increased more than 5 degrees during follow-up in ten patients. Use of dorsal Symmetry plate is effective for unstable comminuted intra-articular distal radius fractures, but severely comminuted fractures may possibly undergo re-displacement post-operatively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Evidence that angiotensin II enhances apomorphine-induced jaw movements via AT1 receptors in the ventrolateral striatum: studies by magnet-sensing system in freely moving rats.

The role of angiotensin AT(1) receptors in the ventrolateral striatum in modulating apomorphine-induced jaw movements was studied using a magnet-sensing system combined with an intracerebral drug microinjection technique in freely moving rats. Bilateral injections of angiotensin II (1 and 2 micro g/0.2 micro l in each side) into the ventrolateral striatum, which alone did not significantly elicit jaw movements, dose-dependently enhanced apomorphine (1 mg/kg i.v.)-induced repetitive jaw movements. The enhancement of apomorphine-induced jaw movements by angiotensin II (2 micro g) was dose-dependently antagonized by the angiotensin AT(1) receptor antagonist losartan (15 and 30 mg/kg i.p.), given 3 h before, while losartan (30 mg/kg i.p.) alone did not significantly affect the apomorphine (1 mg/kg)-induced jaw movements. These results indicate that angiotensin II enhances apomorphine-induced jaw movements via stimulation of angiotensin AT(1) receptors located in the ventrolateral striatum.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed2003

Lateral pelvic lymph node dissection for advanced lower rectal cancer.

BACKGROUND: The oncological outcome of patients who underwent curative surgery for lower rectal cancer was investigated to clarify whether lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (LPLD) conferred any benefit. METHODS: A total of 246 patients who underwent curative surgery for stage II and III lower rectal cancer (below the peritoneal reflection) between 1985 and 1998 was reviewed. Forty-two of these patients did not undergo LPLD. RESULTS: Patients who did not undergo LPLD were older, more likely to have anterior resection and pelvic nerve preservation, and had smaller tumours and lymph node metastasis at an earlier stage than those who underwent LPLD. There was no difference in survival among patients with stage II and III disease between the two groups. However, in patients with pathological N1 lymph node metastasis, the 5-year disease-free survival rate was 73.3 per cent in patients who had LPLD compared with 35.3 per cent among those who did not (P = 0.013). Multivariate analysis showed that LPLD was a significant prognostic factor. CONCLUSION: LPLD improved the prognosis of patients with stage III disease and a small number of lymph node metastases. A randomized clinical trial is needed to verify the benefit of LPLD.

Blood Loss, Surgical↗
PubMed2003

Aggressive surgical treatment for patients with T4 rectal cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the outcome of surgical treatment for patients with T4 rectal cancer and to evaluate prognostic factors influencing 5-year disease-free survival. PATIENTS: Of 1600 rectal cancers seen between 1985 and 1998, there were 197 patients with T4 of whom 128 were treated with curative intent. In this retrospective study organ invaded, the type of treatment and outcome were analysed. RESULTS: Of the 128 patients, 89% had visceral involvement and 11% had pelvic wall involvement. The most frequently involved organ was bladder, followed by prostate and vagina. Low anterior resection was performed in 52, abdomino-perineal resection in 35 and total pelvic exenteration in 41 patients. Of 81 with urinary tract invasion, 50% were treated with bladder-sparing surgery. Pathological examinations showed bladder involvement in only 44 of these and overall 5-year disease-free survival was 57%. Multivariate analysis revealed that body mass index, lymph node metastasis and inflammatory reaction were significant predictors of survival. CONCLUSION: Completeness of resection is the essential factor influencing oncological outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Use of glazes on porcelain from near ground zero to measure Hiroshima neutron fluence.

Several porcelain samples from almost directly beneath the atomic explosion at Hiroshima on 6 August 1945, have been scanned for induced fission tracks, produced mostly by the thermal neutrons from the bomb due to interactions with trace uranium in their glass coatings. The ability to use porcelain opens a new and abundant material for retrospective dosimetry. Four different samples had thermal neutron fluences in 1945 of 1.0, 3.8, 4.1, and 8.9 x 10(12) cm(-2). The different values are not caused by track fading, but are likely to result from differing shielding at different nearby positions. Assuming that the three highest fluences, which have overlapping uncertainties, are at locations of minimum shielding, the statistically weighted thermal fluence in the air at ground level and ground zero was 4.8 x 10(12) cm(-2) with a statistical uncertainty of 15%. This value lies between the calculated value of 6.5 x 10(12) given in DS86 and the 3.7 x 10(12) inferred from induced radionuclides by Hoshi et al. (1998).

Calibration↗
PubMed2003

Measurement of dopamine receptor-mediated jaw movements by a magnet-sensing system in freely moving rats.

This study tested a system for monitoring jaw movements in freely moving rats. A Hall-effect transducer was fixed to the skull in order to sense voltage changes induced by variations in the position of a magnet fixed to the mandible. By measuring dopamine receptor-mediated jaw movements, this system produces data comparable to that obtained using a light-sensitive transducer system in anesthetized rats, while also measuring the vertical component of jaw movements in freely moving rats. In combination with conventional visual observation, this system may provide a useful tool for assessing movements of the orofacial region during spontaneous and drug-evoked behavior.

Animals↗