Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Fujimoto

Publications and source records attributed to S Fujimoto.

At least 955 records · Page 53Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[The antibacterial activity of new cephem antibiotics against clinical isolates. A comparison of the antibacterial activity of cefotaxime with 6 other antibiotics].

During the period from May through July 1981, a comparative study was carried out on the antibacterial activities of cefotaxime (CTX) and ceftizoxime (CZX), cefoperazone (CPZ), latamoxef (LMOX), cefotiam (CTM), cefmetazole (CMZ) and cefazolin (CEZ). CTX and these other cephem antibiotics were tested against fresh clinical isolates which had been obtained from clinical materials by the laboratories of 14 participating medical institutions. 1. The clinical isolates were obtained from various clinical materials in the following decreasing order: urine, sputum and pus/discharge; 85.7% of the isolates came from these materials. 2. Concerning the sources of each species of clinical isolates, it was found that P. aeruginosa was isolated from the greatest number -9- of different clinical materials. This was followed by E. coli and E. cloacae, each isolated from 8 different clinical materials, and C. freundii and E. aerogenes, each found in 7 different clinical materials. 3. In relation to S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae and S. pneumoniae, CTX showed the best antibacterial activity; the second most potent antibiotic was CZX. CMZ and LMOX were found to show relatively high MIC values for those species. Against S. aureus, CEZ showed the best antibacterial activity, but 3 resistant strains had MICs of greater than 100 micrograms/ml. 4. With regard to Gram-negative bacteria, CTX and CZX showed the best antibacterial activities for all of the species, except for P. aeruginosa. These were followed, in order, by LMOX and CPZ. Compared with these 4 antibiotics, CTM, CMZ and CEZ were found to have inferior antibacterial activities against these bacteria. In relation to P. aeruginosa, the peak of the MIC distribution for CPZ was 6.25 micrograms/ml, and this was the best antibacterial activity detected with the various antibiotics tested. This was followed by CTX (25 micrograms/ml) LMOX (25 micrograms/ml) and CZX (50 micrograms/ml). CTM had an MIC of 100 micrograms/ml for 1 strain, and MICs of greater than 100 micrograms/ml for all of the other strains of P. aeruginosa, indicating them to be resistant to this antibiotic. All of the strains were resistant to CMZ and CEZ, showing MICs of greater than 100 micrograms/ml. 5. For each of the tested antibiotics, no correlation was found between the MIC and the serogroup for either P. aeruginosa or S. marcescens.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical effects of ceftizoxime and latamoxef on infections in acute leukemia].

Ceftizoxime (CZX) and latamoxef (LMOX), new synthetic cephems, are stable against various types of beta-lactamase and highly active against Gram-negative rods, such as H. influenzae, Serratia, Enterobacter and indole (+) Proteus. In this study, we evaluated clinical effects of CZX and LMOX in the clinical management of infections in acute leukemia. Sixteen episodes of infections were treated with CZX or LMOX. Four causative organisms, P. aeruginosa, S. faecalis, K. pneumoniae and A. faecalis, were identified in 2 episodes of infections. Clinical effects were recognized at 75% in 8 episodes treated with CZX and at 71% in 7 episodes treated with LMOX, respectively. The transient evaluation of GOT, GPT and Al-P, recognized in several cases. In conclusion, the clinical effects of CZX and LMOX are promised in clinical management of infections in acute leukemia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

[Experimental study on the evaluation of antineoplastic effects in the human cancer/nude mouse system].

Human tumor/nude mouse system is expected to be an antitumor screening system with higher predictability of the clinical effect. To establish this, it is quite necessary to fundamentally investigate the optimal treatment regimen in this new model, nevertheless few papers related to these subjects are currently, available. In this preliminary report, we examined the effect of several known antitumor agents against human breast tumor xenograft, MX-1, with reference to the dose, route and schedule of administration of drugs in comparison with the clinical regimens. As a result, the treatment regimens were desirable to be similar to that clinically done: the route of administration should be IV or PO, instead of IP often used in usual animal experiments. The selection of dose would be the most important factor, that is, the maximum tolerated doses (MTD) of mitomycin C, vincristine, etc. were higher than the clinical doses, even in terms of dose per square meter. Thus, for these drugs the risk to overestimate the effect might exist. On the other hand, the case was opposite as for 5-fluorouracil, because its MTD in the nude mouse was lower than the clinical dose. To evaluate the effect of a drug, it appeared to be reasonable to make account of not only the average percentage of tumor growth inhibition but also the statistical means such as Mann-Whitney's U-test.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

[Studies on biodegradable microspheres containing mitomycin C].

For the purpose of enhancing antitumor effects, we prepared heated albumin microspheres containing an antitumor drug, mitomycin C. The biodegradable MMC microspheres which have an average diameter of 45 +/- 8 mum contain approximately 10% of MMC and release in vitro approximately 20% of the MMC over 3-day period. The microspheres were injected into albino rabbit femoral artery of the hind leg into which a VX-2 tumor had been implanted. Peripheral blood levels of MMC were reduced as compared to the conventional MMC group, within 60 minutes after injection. Subsequently in the MMC-microsphere administered rabbits, the level was higher than in the conventional MMC administered group. The survival of VX-2 tumor-bearing rabbits prolonged markedly with MMC microspheres.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Combined antitumor therapy with polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors and mitomycin C].

A combined effect of the polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors, alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) and methyglyoxal-bis-guanylhydrazone (MGBG) with mitomycin C (MMC) was studied. DFMO, MGBG and MMC were given intraperitoneally to nude mice xenotransplanted human gastric cancer. This new combination of the three drugs resulted in the complete halt of the xenotransplanted tumor growth and marked decline of spermine levels in the tumor tissues. The other treatments with DFMO and MGBG as well as MMC alone were inferior to this new combined therapy in suppression in both tumor growth and tissue spermine level. These data suggest that this new combined treatment be effective against human gastric cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical effects of human lymphoblastoid interferon in patients with hematologic neoplasms].

Sixteen patients with hematologic neoplasms were treated with Human Lymphoblastoid Interferon (HL-BI) derived from Namalwa cell line. They were 6 multiple myeloma, 8 acute leukemia and 2 malignant lymphoma patients. All patients were previously treated with anticancer agents except one case with multiple myeloma. HLBI, 3.0 X 10(6) IU/day, was daily administered by intramuscular injection at least for 4 weeks. Three of 6 multiple myeloma responded to HLBI with a decrease of more than 25% in serum myeloma protein level. A case with pleural effusion due to massive infiltration of myeloma cells treated with intrathoratic administration of HLBI, in whom complete disappearance of pleural effusion was recognized. On the other hand, no patients with acute leukemia and malignant lymphoma responded except one case with acute lymphocytic leukemia, in which bone marrow lymphoblasts decreased transiently. Fever episodes, 13 of 16 cases, were more frequently seen but were manageable. Transient leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia were also observed in 4 and 7 of 8 cases, respectively. No anaphylactoid reaction was seen. Thus, HLBI was expected useful in the clinical management of multiple myeloma.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Experimental study of cerebral protective substances in ischemia--effect of vitamin E].

Using the "Canine model of complete ischemic brain regulated with a perfusion method", the effects of vitamin E which acts as an antioxidant on cerebral ischemia were investigated. After pretreatment with vitamin E by oral or intravenous administration, cerebral blood flow was reduced to 1/10 the normal state and one hour later, return to a normal state allowed. Subsequent changes in electrical activity were observed and the effects of the vitamin E were evaluated. In the control group, no recovery of electrical activity was seen. While in the group of vitamin E administration, the survival time was not prolonged but the recovery time was shortened statistically in the dogs given 30 mg/kg of vitamin E intravenously. Furthermore, in the group treated with vitamin E, distinct recovery of EEG potentials at three hours after recirculation was apparent. These effects were more favorable in the case of intravenous administration than in the case of oral administration. These experimental results indicated that administration of vitamin E is effective in protecting the brain from cerebral ischemia.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of cancerous ascites on natural killer activity].

The effect of cancerous ascites on NK activity was evaluated by a 12-hr exposure method. Erythroleukemia cell line, K 562, was used as the target cells, the effector cells were isolated from 34 healthy volunteers. The final protein concentration of ascites was adjusted to 0.02, 0.2 and 2.0 mg/ml, after centrifugation and membrane filtration. When ascites was added at the start of assay, NK activity was almost completely suppressed by cancerous ascites of 2.0 mg/ml; it was not suppressed by 0.02, 0.2 mg/ml. No suppression was found when cancerous ascites was added 6 hrs after the start of assay. Our results suggest that the lowered NK activity of cancer patients may be attributable to unknown factor (s) released from cancer cells.

Ascites↗