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Biomedical subjects

S Fujimoto

Publications and source records attributed to S Fujimoto.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Why complete or partial response can not be achieved by immunotherapy].

It has been shown that shrinkage of tumor mass can hardly be achieved by immunotherapy. However, this does not appear to indicate that the immunotherapy is ineffective in cancer treatment. Although chemotherapy can reduce a tumor mass by means of fractional kill of tumor cells and, thereby assure complete and partial responses, the cytocidal action of immunotherapy seems to be effected through constant number cell kill. When residual tumor cells in patients who underwent radical surgery are considered from a microscopic standpoint, it is suggested from the disease-free survival curve that the tumor burden is surely reduced logarithmically even in each class of patients who failed to respond to adjuvant chemotherapy. Moreover, there is a great possibility that these residual tumor cells will acquire a drug resistance. Therefore, even if the degree of cell kill potential of immunotherapy is so low that complete or partial response cannot be achieved, the role of immunotherapy in combined modality for cancer treatment is inevitably important.

Cell Count↗
PubMed1990

[Renal failure associated with polyarteritis nodosa].

We reported 5 patients with renal failure associated with polyarteritis nodosa (PN). In all patients the renal dysfunction became apparent from 2 to 4 weeks after the onset of fever or neuromuscular symptoms with laboratory findings supporting marked inflammatory process and took the course of either acute or rapidly progressive renal failure. The clinical diagnoses on admission were variable; fever of unknown origin, peptic ulcer disease, polyneuritis multiplex, disseminated intravascular coagulation and Buerger's disease. Microscopic examination of the kidneys in 3 by renal biopsy and in 2 by autopsy revealed crescentic glomerulonephritis without immunoglobulin deposit, segmental necrotizing glomerulonephritis, marked inflammatory infiltrate around the glomeruli, granulomatous lesion, tubular necrosis and cortical necrosis other than necrotizing vasculitis. The outcomes were favorable with prednisolone monotherapy in two patients who had biopsy-proven diagnosis and treatment early in the course. Of all PN the prevalence of renal involvement is considered to be about 70%, the prognosis of which has been considered very poor. However it seems possible to alter fatal outcome of this disease by starting treatment with confident histological proof early in the disease process.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1990

Exercise performance and limiting factors in patients with chronic lung diseases.

To demonstrate the clinical usefulness of the treadmill exercise test in patients with chronic lung diseases (CLD), 272 consecutive tests done from Jan. 1986 to Dec. 1988 were analyzed. The subjects mainly consisted of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and interstitial lung disease (ILD). With the present incremental treadmill protocol the maximal stage attained by a patient or distance walked were closely related to the patient's maximal oxygen uptake. Comparing symptoms and cardio-pulmonary response, and exercise performance between patients with COPD and those with ILD, there was an evident difference in the exercise limiting factor (s): in the former ventilatory limitation was the most important whereas in the latter gas exchange and oxygen transport was critical. Assessment of breathlessness during the exercise test using the Borg scale was useful in evaluating various therapeutic modalities such as oxygen supplementation. In conclusion, the exercise performance in patients with CLD was properly assessed with the present treadmill protocol and the information derived thereby was of great clinical significance.

Exercise Test↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical results of intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion combined with surgery in patients with peritoneal recurrence from gastric cancer].

Six patients with peritoneal recurrence after radical operation for gastric cancer were treated by an intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion (IPHP) combined with surgery (IPHP group). Immediately after surgery, a 2-hour IPHP was performed, using a perfusate containing 10 micrograms/ml of MMC, warmed at the inflow temperature of 46.5 +/- 1.1 degree C. Within the same period of time, 5 patients with intra-abdominal recurrent gastric cancer (control group) were treated by an intraperitoneal administration of MMC 10 mg combined with surgery. These 11 patients had malignant peritoneal effusion and, although in 3 of the control group, ascitic effusion did re-accumulate rapidly soon after surgery, the 6 patients of IPHP group did not re-accumulate post-hyperthermically. The average survival duration of IPHP group is 13.6 +/- 10. 6 months, whereas that for controls is 3.0 +/- 2.1 months. Again, the survival rate for IPHP group surpassed that for controls at p = 0.012 and p = 0.008, in a generalized Wilcoxon method and Logrank method, respectively. Post-hyperthermically, hypoproteinemia and thrombocytopenia occurred transitorily. These results show that IPHP using MMC combined with surgery is a safe, reliable treatment for patients with peritoneal recurrence due to gastric cancer.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1990

[Intra-operative pelvic hyperthermochemotherapy combined with surgery in rectal cancer].

In order to prevent local recurrence after curative surgery for rectal cancer, intra-operative pelvic hyperthermochemotherapy (IOPHC) was performed, combined with surgery. Nineteen patients with rectal cancer were given IOPHC (IOPHC group) and 25 patients who underwent curative surgery without IOPHC served as control, in the same period of time. IOPHC was done as follows: After rectal amputation or resection combined with extended lymphadenectomy, the pelvic cavity was filled with a prewarmed perfusate (physiological saline) containing 40 micrograms/ml of MMC. Then, an apparatus for IOPHC we devised was submerged in the perfusate to warm and maintain it at 45 degrees C for 90 minutes. The mean temperature of the esophagus was 37.2 degrees C, so it was not necessary to cool down the body throughout IOPHC. There was no significant postoperative morbidity between the two groups except that the total amount of exudate drained from pelvic cavity was larger in the IOPHC group. Local recurrence occurred in 3 controls, but in only one of the IOPHC group. Thus, IOPHC is a safe and reliable approach to prevent local recurrence of rectal cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical evaluation of recurrent patterns of gastric cancer after intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion].

The patterns of recurrence and the prognosis of 24 gastric cancer patients with peritoneal seeding and/or serosal invasion, who underwent gastrectomy followed by intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion (IPHP), were studied in comparison with 23 gastric cancer patients given surgery alone (controls). With respect to 22 patients with peritoneal seeding, all of 8 patients in the control group died of re-accumulation of ascitic effusion, whereas of 14 patients in the IPHP group, 3 died of peritoneal recurrence, 2 of intraperitoneal tumors, 1 from pleural metastasis, and 1 of liver metastasis. The remaining 7 cases are alive without a sign of recurrence. Again, with respect to 25 patients with large serosal penetration of cancer, 7 of 15 patients in the controls died of peritoneal recurrence, whereas this was never observed in the IPHP group. As to the relation of histology and prognosis, while the poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and signet ring cell carcinoma had poor prognosis in the controls, the same patterns in the IPHP group proved not to be so unfavorable. Since a few given IPHP resulted in hepatic metastasis and/or nodal involvement, adjuvant treatment will be required. The survival rate for the IPHP group was significantly better at p = 3.43 x 10(-2) than in controls.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical effect of intraperitoneal hyperthermochemotherapy on the survival rate for advanced gastric cancer patients].

Intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion (IPHP) was performed right after surgery for 31 advanced gastric cancer patients with serosal invasion and/or peritoneal dissemination. The survival rate in the IPHP group, was compared with that in the control group, 30 patients who underwent surgery alone within the same period of time. The 1-year survival rates for IPHP group and control group were 81.9% and 40.3%, respectively. The 2-year survival rates were 52.1% and 11.8%, and the 3-year survival rates were 26.1% and 0%, respectively. The survival rate for IPHP group was better than that for control group, with p = 1.46 x 10(-4). IPHP and control group with peritoneal dissemination included 21 and 9 patients respectively, and 50% survival rates were 18 months and 4.2 months, respectively. IPHP and control group with serosal invasion included 10 and 21 patients, respectively, and 8 out of 10 patients survived in the IPHP group, while 17 out of 21 patients died in the control group. These results suggest that IPHP is effective for gastric cancer patients with peritoneal dissemination and/or serosal invasion.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Alteration in sarcoplasmic reticulum-dependent contraction of tail arteries in response to caffeine and noradrenaline in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Since the membrane Ca2+ handling properties of the arterial smooth muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum may be altered in genetic hypertension, we studied caffeine- and noradrenaline-induced contractions in tail arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) at the prehypertensive stage (4 weeks old) and from age-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). After the sarcoplasmic reticulum had been loaded with Ca2+ by pretreatment with physiological Ca2+ solution, caffeine- and noradrenaline-induced contractions of the tail arteries, measured in a Ca2(+)-free solution [containing 0.1 mmol/l ethyleneglycol-bis-(beta-aminoethylether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraace tic acid], were smaller in SHR than in WKY. After caffeine-releasable Ca2+ in the sarcoplasmic reticulum had been depleted by pretreatment with the Ca2(+)-free solution, the caffeine-induced arterial contractions in a low-Ca2+ (0.5 mmol/l) solution were smaller in SHR than in WKY. The Ca2+ concentration-tension relationship in skinned arterial fibres was similar in WKY and SHR. These data suggest that the ability of the sarcoplasmic reticulum to take up and store caffeine- and noradrenaline-releasable Ca2+ is decreased in SHR. The development of hypertension in SHR may be explained by an impaired function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in arterial smooth muscle.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The incidence and clinical significance of paraaortic lymph node metastases in patients with uterine cervical cancer].

Paraaortic lymph node dissection was performed in the treatment of patients with carcinoma of the cervix who were subjected to radical hysterectomy between June, 1982 and March, 1988 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan. Thirteen out of 246 (5.3%) patients had metastases in the paraaortic lymph node. Of the patients with stage I carcinoma of the cervix, 1.0 per cent had positive paraaortic lymph node. Of the patients with stage II carcinoma, 4.9 per cent had metastases in the paraaortic lymph nodes, and of the stage III patients, 16.7 per cent had positive paraaortic lymph nodes. The incidence of paraaortic node involvement increased along with the advance of the disease. Of the patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix, 4.6 per cent had paraaortic lymph node metastases. Of the patients with adenocarcinoma of the cervix including mixed carcinoma, 6.8 per cent had positive paraaortic node. All the patients with positive paraaortic lymph nodes had metastatic diseases in the pelvic nodes. In addition, the number of groups of positive pelvic nodes in the patients with positive paraaortic lymph nodes was significantly larger than that in those with negative paraaortic nodes. At the time of reporting, seven out of 13 patients with positive paraaortic lymph node have died of the disease. The mean survival period of those seven patients was 14.9 +/- 12.2 (mean +/- SD) months. Of the remaining six surviving patients, three have been doing well for more than three years.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aorta↗
PubMed1990

[Cytogenetical study on the etiology of partial mole].

The cytogenetical etiology of partial mole (PM) was studied by means of the Q-banding technique in 49 cases during the period between Sep. 1976 and Nov. 1986. Moreover, histological examinations were performed in 39 cases concentrating on the existence of fetal components and trophoblastic hyperplasia, etc. The results were as follows. 1. Karyotype analysis showed triploidy (24 cases), normal diploidy (10 cases), trisomy (9 cases) and other anomalies (mosaic, translocation etc.) (6 cases). These results are quite different from those of many western authors, who reported that most cases of PM are triploidy. 2. The criteria of PM in Japan differ from those of WHO Scientific Group in regard to trophoblastic hyperplasia. 3. Our cases were reclassified on the basis of the definition drawn up by the WHO Scientific Group. Nevertheless, the rate of triploidy was only 54.5%, which is lower than that reported by many western authors. These results show that the development of PM cannot be explained cytogenetically at present, in contrast with complete mole.

Diploidy↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment of adult type atopic dermatitis (AD) with bacterial vaccine prepared from individual cases (I)--Clinical study].

Bacteria on the skin surface are well known to be one of the precipitating factors of AD. We have treated 68 severe cases of adult type AD with bacterial vaccines prepared for individual cases. Bacteria were collected from lesional skin of each individual and cultured. More than 50% of cases (36/68) showed improvement clearly. Five out of 9 cases without topical steroid showed good response to this treatment. In regard to its clinical response it is suggested that the treatment should be continued for at least 1-2 years, because these cases treated for less than 1 year have high risk of recurrence. Five cases responded excellent showed complete remission of dermatitis for 10 months to 2 years after stopping of this treatment. These results suggest that bacterial vaccine can be beneficial for the treatment of severe cases of adult type AD, which did not respond to other therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment of adult type atopic dermatitis (AD) with bacterial vaccine prepared from individual cases (II)--The mechanism].

Sixty eight cases with severe adult type AD treated by bacterial vaccine were classified into 2 subgroups, effective and ineffective cases. And the differences of these 2 subgroups were examined by various laboratory data. In effective groups, specific IgG antibody level against bacteria increased to correlate to the clinical course. In contrast, ineffective groups were not changed the antibody level. There were no significant differences between these 2 subgroups concerning results of specific IgE antibody level against bacteria. Decrease of CD4/CD8 ratio was more prominent in effective groups than ineffective groups after treated for 6 months. It is known that bacteria and bacterial products (peptidoglycan and endotoxin etc) cause release of histamine. Our results support that the elevation of specific IgG antibody against bacteria and enhanced cell mediated immunity are decreased the numbers of bacteria on the skin surface and improved irritable skin. These effects may be inhibit histamine release induced by bacteria, so therefore we suggest that general skin condition and pruritus with AD will be improved by the treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of tumor marker in ovarian dermoid cyst].

Since ovarian dermoid cyst originates in parthenogenesis of the oocyte, it contains various kinds of tissues. Therefore, some tumor markers are expected to be positive. Clinical features of 174 pathologically confirmed dermoid cysts between Jan., 1985 and Aug., 1989 were reviewed, especially concerning tumor markers. The age of the patients was 11 years to 71 years (Mean 35.0 +/- 0.9 years). The weight of the dermoid cyst was 5g to 2.540g (mean 225.9 +/- 26.3g), while most of them were below 200g. The site of the tumors was similar on both the right and left. CA19-9 showed the highest positive rate of 45.5% (40/80). CA125 was second 12.7% (16/126) in markers with more than 20 examined cases, while the rate for AFP, Ferritin, CEA, LDH and TPA was 2.7% (3/110), 2.6% (1/38), 1.6% (2/128), 0.6% (1/161), 0% (0/24), respectively. SCC, IAP and beta 2-MG were examined in less than 20 cases and the positive rate was 18.8% (3/16), 9.1% (1/11) and 8.3% (1/12), respectively. There was no significant relationship between tumor weight and the CA19-9 concentration. In some cases, the serum CA19-9 concentration was followed up after the operation. The half life of CA19-9 was clinically estimated at 4.9 +/- 1.1 days.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Basic and clinical studies on aztreonam in obstetric and gynecologic infections during the perinatal period].

The basic and clinical efficacies of aztreonam (AZT) were evaluated in obstetric and gynecologic infections during the perinatal period. The results obtained are summarized below. 1. Concentrations of AZT in umbilical venous blood and amniotic fluid showed a good placental transfer of AZT. The rate of placental transfer of AZT was very similar to rates for cephalosporins. 2. Since the clinical efficacy rate of AZT in the treatment of Gram-negative bacterial infections was 80.0%, AZT appears to be a useful drug against Gram-negative bacterial infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Multiple chromosomes carrying tumor suppressor activity for a uterine endometrial carcinoma cell line identified by microcell-mediated chromosome transfer.

Putative tumor suppressor genes can be mapped to specific chromosomes by the introduction of individual chromosomes derived from normal cells via microcell fusion. We have examined whether a highly malignant human uterine endometrial carcinoma cell line, HHUA, can be suppressed by only one normal chromosome or by multiple chromosomes. A library of mouse A9 clones containing different human chromosomes tagged with the pSV2-neo plasmid DNA were constructed. Transfer by microcell fusion of either chromosome 1, 6, 9, 11, or 19 into the HHUA tumor cell line was performed, and the abilities of the microcell hybrids to form tumors in nude mice were examined. The introduction of a chromosome 19 had no effect on the tumorigenicity of the cells, whereas microcell-hybrid clones with an introduced chromosome 1, 6 or 9 were completely suppressed for tumorigenicity. A decrease in tumor-take incidence in some but not all clones was observed following the introduction of a chromosome 11. The nontumorigenic microcell hybrids with an introduced chromosome 1 differed from the nontumorigenic microcell hybrids with an introduced chromosome 6, 9, or 11. A large percentage of hybrids with chromosome 1 senesced and/or showed alterations in cellular morphology and transformed growth properties in vitro. No growth or morphology alterations were observed following transfer of the other chromosomes. These results may indicate that more than one chromosome carries a tumor suppressor gene(s) for this human uterine endometrial carcinoma cell line and support the hypothesis that multiple tumor suppressor genes control the tumorigenic phenotype in the multistep process of neoplastic development.

Cell Fusion↗
PubMed1989

Evidence that activation of the respiratory burst oxidase in a cell-free system from human neutrophils is accomplished in part through an alteration of the oxidase-related 67-kDa cytosolic protein.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is able to activate the respiratory burst oxidase in a system containing cytosol and solubilized membranes from human neutrophils. When SDS was used to treat cytosol in an otherwise identical system in which the solubilized membrane solution was omitted, the ability of the SDS-treated cytosol to support O2- production was lost in a first-order reaction whose rate constant was virtually identical to the rate constant for the first-order activation of the oxidase in the complete system. Studies with chronic granulomatous disease cytosols showed that the component whose activity was lost was the oxidase-related 67-kDa cytosolic protein. The similarity in the rates of oxidase activation and p67 inactivation suggested that the activation of the respiratory burst oxidase in the cell-free system could involve an SDS-mediated alteration in p67. Further support for this idea was provided by kinetic experiments demonstrating that, although the yield of oxidase showed a 2.5-order dependence on cytosol concentration, oxidase activation was nevertheless kinetically irreversible. These two findings, incompatible in general, can be reconciled by a mechanism in which SDS acts specifically on a single oxidase component (i.e. p67), but with an effect that depends on circumstances: oxidase activation, if the SDS-sensitive component is part of a completely assembled oxidase precursor; loss of p67 activity, if not.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Clinical trial with surgery and intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion for peritoneal recurrence of gastrointestinal cancer.

To treat six patients with peritoneal recurrence after radical operation for gastrointestinal cancer, an intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion (IPHP), combined with surgical resection of recurrent tumors, intestinal by-pass anastomosis, or both, was carried out. Immediately after complete resection of the intraperitoneal recurrent tumors, a 2- to 3-hour IPHP was performed under hypothermic general anesthesia at about 32 degrees C, using a perfusate containing 10 micrograms/ml or 20 micrograms/ml of mitomycin C (MMC) warmed at the inflow temperature of 46.6 degrees C to 46.9 degrees C. The apparatus used for IPHP was designed for intraperitoneal perfusion as a closed circuit. Although five of the six patients had a malignant peritoneal effusion at the time of admission, the effusion disappeared soon after IPHP, and no cancer cell was present in the lavage from Douglas' pouch. The other patient had a recurrent tumor at the anastomotic region after low anterior resection for rectal cancer and complete resection of the recurrent tumor, combined with IPHP, was carried out. One patient with a recurrent gastric cancer died of hepatic metastasis and cancerous pleuritis 5 months after this treatment, and the other five are in good health 12.8 +/- 5.1 months after IPHP. On the other hand, five patients with intra-abdominal recurrent gastric cancer, who received only surgical treatment within the same period of time, died 3.0 +/- 2.1 months after the surgery. Postoperatively, in the six patients with IPHP, transitory hepatic dysfunction, hypoproteinemia, and thrombocytopenia occurred. These results show that IPHP using MMC combined with surgery is a safe, reliable treatment for patients with peritoneal recurrence of gastrointestinal cancer.

Adult↗