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Biomedical subjects

S Fujii

Publications and source records attributed to S Fujii.

At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Isolation and immunological studies of high and low molecular weight cysteine proteinase inhibitors in bovine serum.

Two kinds of cysteine proteinase inhibitor (Mr 145 000 and Mr 15 500) were purified from bovine serum. These purified inhibitors showed a single band on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively. The isoelectric point of the high molecular weight inhibitor was found to be 4.4 and that of the low molecular weight inhibitor was 8.6. The high molecular weight inhibitor inhibited papain and cathepsin H, but had little activity against cathepsin B. While the low molecular weight inhibitor was a strong inhibitor of papain and cathepsin H and showed a weak inhibition of cathepsin B. These two inhibitors showed different immunological reactivities.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Adenomatoid tumor--like structures in the subperitoneal nodules produced by sex steroids.

Multiple subperitoneal nodules were produced in the abdominal cavities of guinea pigs treated with various doses of estradiol benzoate for 3 months. Gland-like structures with intervening fibrous stroma were observed in 20% of these nodules. These gland-like structures resembled adenomatoid tumors, but were composed of cells that resembled mesothelium, ciliated cells, and cells with mucin in the cytoplasm. Some parts were composed of cells that had a squamous appearance. In guinea pigs, pretreatment with estradiol benzoate followed by treatment with a combination of estradiol benzoate and progesterone for 1 to 3 months produced nodules with gland-like structures similar to those produced by estrogen treatment alone. However, the gland-like structures were composed only of cells that resembled mesothelium and cells with cilia. Therefore, we conjecture that the formation of gland-like structures in the subperitoneal nodules is the result of mesothelial inclusions and their proliferation and that some of these mesothelial cells were differentiated into ciliated, mucinous, and squamous cells by estrogen.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1983

Effect of an exogenous energy source and amino acids on DNA synthesis in regenerating rat liver.

Rats on a protein-free diet synthesized less DNA after partial hepatectomy than rats on a normal diet. In regenerating livers of animals on the protein-free diet, induction of several enzymes involved in the DNA precursor synthetic pathway, and especially ribonucleotide reductase, were depressed. When young rats were maintained solely by parenteral nutrition after partial hepatectomy, exogenous amino acids were more important than the exogenous energy source for induction of enzymes involved in synthesis of DNA and its pyrimidine nucleotide precursors. In particular, induction of ribonucleotide reductase appeared to be controlled by exogenous amino acids. Tryptophan, methionine, phenylalanine, leucine, valine, isoleucine and threonine seemed to stimulate the induction of this enzyme most after partial hepatectomy.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1983

[Regional distribution of pancreatic polypeptide-like immunoreactivity in the canine brain].

Recently many gut hormones have been found in the brain, and there is some evidence to suggest that pancreatic polypeptide-like immunoreactivity (PP-LI) is also present in the brain. Although in mammals, confirmative evidence is not yet shown. In the present paper we report the distribution and tissue localization of PP-LI in the canine brain by radio-immunoassay (RIA) and immunohistochemistry. Normal, fasted mongrel dogs were used. Brain tissue was extracted by boiling water. High concentrations of PP-LI were found in the pituitary gland (3.67 +/- 1.10 ng/g wet wt), substantia nigra (1.58 +/- 0.36 ng/g wet wt), hypothalamus (0.74 +/- 0.28 ng/g wet wt) and olfactory lobe (0.58 +/- 0.21 ng/g wet wt). PP-LI was not detectable in the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, striatum, thalamus, hippocampus, pons, cerebellum and medulla oblongata. The amounts of PP-LI in the brain were more less than the amounts of PP present in the pancreas (duodenal lobe, 29.3 +/- 1.1 microgram/g wet wt). The dilution curve of the brain tissue extracts showed parallelism with the standard curve of human and porcine PP on the RIA system. On Bio-Gel P-30 column chromatography, PP-LI from the pituitary gland and olfactory lobe eluted as a single peak coincided with highly purified bovine PP. In immunohistochemical study, PP-LI was found in the intermediate lobe and the stalk of the pituitary gland by means of anti-bovine PP antiserum. These findings of the specific regional localization suggest that PP or PP-LI may have a physiological role in the central nervous system.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Cytochemical demonstrations of protease in human peripheral blood cells by use of new alpha-naphthyl ester substrates.

The proteases of human leukocytes were cytochemically studied by use of new alpha-naphthyl esters, tosyl-L-lysine-alpha-naphthyl ester (TLNE) and acetyl-L-tyrosine-alpha-naphthyl ester (ATNE). The hydrolytic activities were strong only in neutrophils, with both substrates. They were inhibited completely by DFP and chymostatin, but not by leupeptin and iodoacetate. These results indicate that chymotrypsin-like enzyme(s), capable of hydrolyzing both substrates, exist in neutrophils.

Chymotrypsin↗
PubMed1983

Optical evidence for calcium-action potentials in early embryonic precontractile chick heart using a potential-sensitive dye.

Using an optical method for monitoring membrane potential, spontaneous action potentials in the 7- to 9-somite embryonic precontractile chick hearts were measured. The optical action potential in the 7- to 9-somite embryonic heart was lacking 'phase 0' and 'phase 1' attributable to the fast Na+ current. The embryonic precontractile heart continued to generate spontaneous action potentials in a Na+-free solution or in the presence of tetrodotoxin. Such an action potential was blocked by adding Co2+, Mn2+, Ni2+, La3+, D-600 or GEDTA, and the frequency, the amplitude, and the rate of rise of the spontaneous action potentials depended closely upon the external Ca2+ concentration; reducing the external Ca2+ concentration resulted in suppression of the spontaneous excitability. From the above results, we concluded that the spontaneous action potential in the early phases of cardiogenesis is characterized as a Ca2+-dependent action potential.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1983

Analysis of retinoblastoma for human adenovirus type 12 genome.

Adenovirus type 12 has high oncogenic potential in newborn rodents. Moreover, adenovirus 12 induces retinoblastoma-like tumours in baboons and transforms in vitro human embryo retinoblasts. Since adenovirus-transformed cells contain adenovirus transforming gene sequences, the detection of adenovirus 12 transforming gene in tumour cell DNA can provide evidence for or against a possible aetiological role of adenovirus 12 in retinoblastoma. In this experiment, cell DNAs from six retinoblastomas were assayed for adenovirus 12 transforming gene sequences by spot hybridization and Southern blot hybridization, using the labelled EcoRI-C fragment of adenovirus 12 DNA as a probe (the far left 16.5% of the viral genome). No adenovirus 12 transforming gene sequences were detected at the level of 0.1 or 0.5 copy of the probe per diploid cell DNA in all of six retinoblastomas.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1983

Initial development of conduction pattern of spontaneous action potential in early embryonic precontractile chick heart.

The conduction of spontaneous action potentials in the 7-10 somite embryonic developing chick hearts was monitored optically using a potential-sensitive merocyanine-rhodanine dye. Spontaneous optical action signals from 5 to 12 different regions of the primitive heart were recorded simultaneously. Short delays were observed among firing times of the absorption signals which were nearly synchronized among the different regions. From these delays, we estimated the conduction velocity of the spontaneous excitatory waves. Usually, in the 7-somite to the beginning of the 9-somite stage, (i) excitatory waves conducted radially over one side of the prebeating heart, at a uniform rate; (ii) the "radially" spreading electrical wave slowed considerably within the primordial fusion line at the midline of the heart; and (iii) this delay disappeared in the later period of the 9-somite stage to the 10-somite stage. These observations suggest that electrical coupling among the cells within the primordial fusion line is poor during the 7 to 9-somite stage, and that the coupling is strengthened by the late 9th or 10th somite stage.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1983

Palliative urinary diversion in patients with advanced cervical cancer.

An analysis of 25 palliative urinary diversions for advanced cervical cancer is presented. The median postoperative survival was 176 days and the mean was 329 days. Indication, methods of surgical procedure and duration of known disease did not strongly influence survival. The patients who were treated with radiation therapy after urinary diversion had a longer median survival. Renal function returned to normal in 7 of 9 azotemic patients. 41% of the patients left the hospital and this group subsequently spent 62% of their remaining survival at home. Guidelines for selection of the patients who might benefit from urinary diversion are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

An ultrastructural study of ovarian perifollicular capillaries in the indomethacin-treated rabbit.

The perifollicular capillaries of the rabbit ovary were observed by light and electron microscopy following administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and indomethacin (IM). Fenestrations and interendothelial gaps were not observed at 4, 10, or 12 hours, at which times carbon particles were confined to capillary lumina. By 24 hours, dilated capillaries were noted among granulosa cells and theca. In the theca, interendothelial gaps permeable to carbon particles were observed. At 48 hours, ribosome-rich, newly developed capillaries were noted. Many collagen fibrils were observed in the tunica albuginea and theca externa in hCG/IM-treated rabbits in contrast to those treated with hCG alone. Ovarian prostaglandins normally produced in response to gonadotropins may be responsible for alterations in perifollicular capillaries and degradation of collagen in the follicle wall, changes considered essential for ovulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effects of acute exercise on insulin binding to erythrocytes in normal men.

Ten normal men were subjected to acute mild and moderate exercise tests, and the insulin binding to erythrocytes was determined before and immediately after exercise and also 10, 30 and 60 minutes after exercise in each test. The insulin binding significantly increased immediately after acute moderate exercise and did not increase immediately after acute mild exercise. In contrast, it decreased below the basal level at 30 and 60 minutes in each test. The changes in insulin receptor binding were due mainly to an alteration in insulin receptor affinity rather than a change in receptor number. These results suggest that isolated erythrocytes may be of some value for study of the effect of physical exercise on the insulin receptor.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Decreased sensitivity of platelets to prostacyclin in patients with diabetes mellitus.

In order to ascertain the platelet sensitivity to prostacyclin (PGI2) in patients with diabetes mellitus, we determined the percentage inhibition of platelet aggregation and platelet ATP secretion following PGI2 addition in an in vitro system. The percentage inhibition of platelet aggregation caused by PGI2 in final concentration of 1.25, 2.5, or 5.0 ng/ml was significantly lower in diabetics than in healthy controls. That of platelet ATP secretion by 1.25 or 2.5 ng/ml of PGI2 was also significantly lower in diabetics. These data suggested that in patients with diabetes mellitus, the decreased sensitivity of platelets to PGI2 will bring about hypercoagulability and may become one of the risk factors of diabetic microangiopathy in cooperation with lowered vascular PGI2 generation.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1983

pH-Induced conformational change of ATPase inhibitor from yeast mitochondria. A proton magnetic resonance study.

The ATPase inhibitor from yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was found to strongly inhibit the ATPase activity when it was preincubated in an acidic pH region. This paper describes the conformational changes of the inhibitor in the acidic pH region, as studied by 1H NMR spectroscopy. In the pH range from 7.43 to 4.48, two conformations were detected. With lowering of the pH in this pH region, one conformation increased at the expense of the other. In the two conformations, His 39 had different pKa values which were determined at 23 degrees C to be 6.08 +/- 0.04 and 5.91 +/- 0.03 from the pH-titration curves of His 39. The exchange between the two conformations was reversible with pH and the rate of the conformational change was estimated to be slower than 22 s-1 at 23 degrees C as estimated by the line-widths (7.0 Hz) of the peaks from the C2-proton of His 39 in the two conformations. The equilibrium constant between the two conformations was dependent on the temperature. From the equilibrium constants in the temperature range from 23 to 45 degrees C, the apparent delta H'a of the conformational change was calculated to be 14 kcal/mol at pH 6.95. It was confirmed by 1H NMR spectra that at pH 6.95 the structure of the inhibitor was reversible with temperature at least below 80 degrees C. The reversibility is consistent with the high thermal stability of the protein.

Hydrogen-Ion Concentration↗
PubMed1983

Role of endogenous lipid droplets of fat cells in epinephrine-induced lipolysis.

Endogenous lipid droplets were prepared by subjecting fat cells to hypotonic shock and to Triton X-100 treatment. The structure of the endogenous lipid droplet fraction was examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopies. Neither intact fat cells nor disrupted cell membranes were detectable in the endogenous lipid droplet fraction. With this endogenous substrate, epinephrine elicited lipolysis with either hormone-sensitive lipase or lipoprotein lipase, but no cyclic AMP-protein kinase mediated stimulation of lipolysis was observed. On the other hand, epinephrine did not stimulate lipolysis when triolein emulsified with arabic gum was used as substrate. With the latter exogenous substrate, however, cyclic AMP-protein kinase was found to stimulate lipolysis with hormone-sensitive lipase as enzyme. These results agree with the proposal of Wise and Jungas that the epinephrine-stimulated increase of hydrolysis of endogenous fat is not mediated through cyclic AMP-protein kinase. A possible mechanism of hydrolysis of endogenous fat by induction of lipolysis by epinephrine in fat cells is discussed.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1983

Cerebral circulation and metabolism during enflurane anesthesia in humans.

The effects of enflurane anesthesia on cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (CMRO2) were studied in 17 patients. The patients were divided into two groups according to the depth of anesthesia. Cerebral perfusion pressure was maintained above 60 mmHg with phenylephrine. In Group 1 (arterial enflurane concentration, 15 mg/dl), patients were studied before surgery, while in group 2 (enflurane concentration, 27 mg/dl), the measurements were performed before and during surgery. In Group 1, mean CBF and CMRO2 were 53 and 2.8 ml X 100 g-1 X min-1, respectively. These values were not significantly different from CBF (46 ml X 100 g-1 X min-1) and CMRO2 (3.1 ml X 100 g-1 X min-1) values previously obtained in awake patients. In Group 2 before surgery, mean CBF and CMRO2 were 61 and 2.6 ml X 100 g-1 X min-1, respectively, and were significantly different from the awake values, while the EEG showed frequent spikes and suppression. In Group 2 during surgery, mean CBF and CMRO2 did not differ from the values obtained before surgery, despite significant EEG changes. The results indicate that enflurane is a cerebral vasodilator and causes an increase in CBF and a decrease in CMRO2 in humans at an anesthetic level characterized by frequent spikes and suppression on the EEG.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Ultrastructural study of minute uterine leiomyomas.

Minute uterine leiomyomas, less than 3 mm in diameter, were studied by electron microscopy. In five of 15 cases, morphologically different types of smooth muscle cell were identified. In the central region of leiomyomas, most myoma cells were characterized by filaments sporadically located in the cytoplasm and well-developed organelles. These cells were interpreted as immature smooth muscle cells. In the outer layer of nodules, the cells were a more mature form of smooth muscle cell and resembled normal myometrial cells. The differences suggest that differentiation of the smooth muscle cells occurs early in the growth of uterine leiomyoma.

Adult↗