Antiproliferative effects of glutathione S-transferase inhibitors on the K562 cell line.
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Cell Count↗
Biomedical subjects
S Fujii
Publications and source records attributed to S Fujii.
Mucin leakage into the cervical stroma may increase lymph node metastasis in mucin-producing cervical adenocarcinomas.
The relationships between the histologic feature of mucin leakage into the cervical stroma, lymph node metastasis, and the levels of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA 19-9, and CA 125 were analyzed in 35 cases of cervical adenocarcinoma. Histologically, mucin leakage was identified in 14 (40%) cases as amorphorous materials dissecting the connective tissues and permeating the lymphatic channels, associated with or without cancer cells. The cases with mucin leakage showed a significantly higher incidence of lymph node involvement than those without mucin leakage (71.4% versus 23.8%; P less than 0.01). In addition, when the mucin leakage was immunohistochemically positive for CEA or CA 19-9, elevated serum levels of these antigens were frequently observed. These results suggest that the mucin leakage into the cervical stroma represents not only stromal invasion, but also a means that frequently conducts cancer cells into the lymphatic channels. Clinically, this is reflected in an elevation of serum CEA or CA 19-9 levels in cervical adenocarcinoma patients.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding a rice 13 kDa prolamin.
A cDNA library constructed from mRNAs obtained from developing rice endosperm was screened with a cDNA clone (lambda RM7) of highest frequency of occurrence (1.8%). The translation product directed by the mRNA which was hybrid-released from lambda RM7 cDNA in a wheat germ cell-free system showed a molecular size of 13 kDa when coexisting with the protein body fraction of developing maize endosperm. A polypeptide sequence composed of 156 amino acids was deduced from the nucleotide sequence. By comparison with the 19 N-terminal amino acids obtained from Edman degradation of the isolated rice 13 kDa prolamin fraction, the signal sequence was determined as consisting of 19 amino acids. The deduced polypeptide is rich in hydrophobic amino acids such as Leu and Val, and also in Gln, but lacks Lys. Hence, the amino acid composition is consistent with that of rice 13 kDa prolamin. By homology with previously reported cereal prolamins, only a single octapeptide sequence, Gln-Gln-Gln-Cys-Cys-Gln-Gln-Leu, which was observed in 15 kDa and 27 kDa zein, B- and gamma-hordein, alpha/beta- and gamma-gliadin, and gamma-secalin was conserved in the rice 10 kDa and 13 kDa prolamin. No repetitive sequences and/or sequences homologous to other cereal prolamins, except the above octapeptide, were observed for the mature 13 kDa prolamin polypeptide. The signal sequence region of the 13 kDa prolamin, however, shows homology of more than 65% in both the nucleotide sequence and the amino acid sequence with rice 10 kDa prolamin and maize zein.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Stress fibers in the mesenteric mesothelial cells of the large intestine of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana.
Actin-containing cytoplasmic fibers were visualized in the mesenteric mesothelial cells of the large intestine of bullfrog tadpoles by rhodamine-phalloidin staining of en face preparations of mesothelial cells. These fibers were concurrently stained by immunofluorescence using antibodies to myosin or alpha-actinin. Electron microscopy showed the presence of bundles of microfilaments in the basal cytoplasm of the cells. Such fibers in the mesothelial cells may be comparable to the stress fibers present in cultured cells. The mesothelial cells initially formed axially oriented stress fibers when they changed from a rhombic to a slender spindle-like shape. On the other hand, stress fibers disappeared as cells transformed from elongated to polygonal shapes during the period of metamorphic climax. Expression of stress fibers in these cells appears to be related to the degree of tension loaded on the mesentery, which may be generated by mesenteric winding. These stress fibers in the mesothelial cells may serve to regulate cellular transformation. They may also help to maintain cellular integrity by strengthening the cellular attachment to subepithelial tissue against tensile stress exerted on the mesentery.
Actin Cytoskeleton↗
Divergence paralysis associated with the ingestion of diazepam.
A case of divergence paralysis associated with diazepam ingestion is reported. The cerebrospinal fluid findings and the computed tomographic scan of the brain were unremarkable. The time of ingestion of diazepam and the occurrence of diplopia were so closely related that it is likely that diazepam caused the divergence paralysis an association which is thought not to have been reported previously.
Aged↗
Immunohistochemical localization of oestrogen receptors and progesterone receptors in the human ovary throughout the menstrual cycle.
Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the distribution of oestrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) in the human ovary during folliculogenesis. Primordial and preantral follicles did not contain ER or PR. The granulosa cells of antral follicles had ER, but negligible PR, before the LH surge. In contrast, at the time of LH surge, these cells of the dominant follicle contained PR, but not ER. On the other hand, granulosa cells of the non-dominant follicles had ER, but not PR. After ovulation, the PR persisted in the luteinized granulosa cells and in the corpus luteum during early pregnancy. The theca interna and surrounding stromal cells were ER-negative and PR-positive throughout the menstrual cycle. Thus, the results show that ER and PR are not expressed simultaneously in the granulosa cells, the thecal cells, or the stromal cells during folliculogenesis. Mechanisms controlling the expression of steroid receptors during the normal menstrual cycle and in early pregnancy are discussed.
Adult↗
Preparation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to an N-linked oligosaccharide.
Two monoclonal antibodies to an N-linked oligosaccharide, MT-5 and MT-9, have been prepared by immunization with a pyridylaminated, asialylated, galactosylated, fucosylated, bisected biantennary sugar. The reactivity of these antibodies was monitored by their reaction with human asialoglycophorin in a solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Both antibodies reacted with the sugar chains of various human glycoproteins such as immunoglobulin G, transferrin, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, and alpha-fetoprotein. Treatment of asialoglycophorin with beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase or alpha-mannosidase resulted in reduction of the binding to these antibodies. The reactivity of MT-5 to asialoglycophorin was slightly inhibited by D-mannose and N-acetylglucosamine, whereas that of MT-9 was inhibited by D-mannose, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, chitobiose, and L-fucose. The epitope specificity of MT-5 appears to be a sugar chain containing biantennary N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, the bisected N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue, and a trimannosyl core. The epitope to which MT-9 is directed may be a complex made up of beta-mannose, chitobiose, and L-fucose. These studies indicate that immunization with pyridylaminated sugars can produce antibodies that recognize N-linked oligosaccharides. Monoclonal/polyclonal antibodies to the N-linked sugar chains of glycopeptides would be useful in such studies of proteins.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
Primary ovarian malignant amelanotic melanoma arising in cystic teratoma.
A case of primary ovarian malignant amelanotic melanoma arising in a cystic teratoma is presented with the histology, immunohistochemistry, and ultrastructure of the tumor.
Cell Nucleus↗
Role of ATL-derived factor (ADF) in the normal and abnormal cellular activation: involvement of dithiol related reduction.
HTLV-I transformed T cells not only express a large number of interleukin-2 receptors (IL-2R/p55(Tac], but also produce an IL-2R/Tac inducer named ATL-derived factor (ADF). We have cloned the ADF cDNA and found that ADF production in human lymphocytes can be enhanced by cellular activators such as mitogens or phorbol esters. Recombinant ADF produced by E. coli was shown to have growth-promoting activity in combination with interleukin-2 or suboptimal mitogenic stimuli on several lymphoid cells including human PBMCs, besides the originally reported IL-2R/Tac inducing activity. Homology analysis revealed an unexpected structural relationship between ADF and dithiol-reducing enzyme, thioredoxin, which had been characterized originally in prokaryotic system. Recombinant ADF also has a reducing activity, suggesting the presence of still unknown features of ADF action in vivo. The requirement of dithiol reduction in the biological activities of ADF, together with the possible involvement of ADF production in the normal and abnormal activation of human cells are discussed.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Solitary bone cyst of a lumbar vertebra. A case report and review of literature.
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Adult↗
Immunological characterization of lipopolysaccharides from Proteus strains used in Weil-Felix test and reactivity with patient sera of tsutsugamushi diseases.
Immunological analyses of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) isolated from Proteus strains OX2, OX19, and OXK used as antigens of Weil-Felix (WF) test, were performed by quantitative agglutination, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunoblotting. Antisera against LPS and whole cells (WC) of the three Proteus strains reacted with homologous LPS but not with heterologous LPS, and the reaction was inhibited by the O-polysaccharide fraction isolated from the homologous LPS except OX19-LPS, which lacked O-polysaccharide moiety. The immunological data support the findings that the O-polysaccharide moieties of LPS from OX2 and OXK strains possess different chemical composition (Mizushiri, Amano, Fujii, Fukushi, and Watanabe, Microbiol. Immunol. 34: 121-133, 1990). Antisera against Proteus strains reacted weakly with WC of Rickettsia prowazekii, Rickettsia typhi, and Rickettsia tsutsugamushi. Antisera from patients with tsutsugamushi disease reacted with OXK-WC by WF test when the sera were obtained 13 days after onset of fever. The immunoperoxidase (IP) test titers of these antisera began to rise 6 days after the onset of fever. By ELISA tests these antisera reacted with OXK-WC and OXK-LPS independently of the titers of WF or IP tests.
Antibodies, Bacterial↗
Immunohistochemical localization of CA130 in fetal tissues, and in normal and neoplastic tissues of the female genital tract.
A murine monoclonal antibody, 130-22, produced against a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line (PC-9) has been suggested as recognizing an antigenic determinant (CA130) which is different from an epitope recognized by OC125 on CA125 glycoprotein molecules. The immunohistochemical reactivity with the 130-22 antibody (anti-CA130) was examined in human fetal tissues, and normal and neoplastic tissues of female genital tracts, and compared to those using OC125. Among the fetal tissues, the amnion and the cells of coelomic epithelium and mullerian-derived epithelia reacted with anti-CA130. In normal adult tissues, cervical and endometrial gland cells, tubal epithelial cells, and ovarian surface cells reacted with anti-CA130. In addition, predecidual cells in the late secretory endometrium and decidual cells during gestation were positive. Among the neoplastic tissues, tubal and endometrial adenocarcinomas and epithelial ovarian tumors were positive for anti-CA130. There were no differences in the respective specimens between the immunohistochemical localization of anti-CA130 and of OC125. Therefore, anti-CA130 is considered to be useful in the immunohistochemical detection of CA125 glycoprotein molecules as well as OC125.
Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
Induction of plasminogen activator inhibitor by products released from platelets.
Activation of platelets and augmentation of plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) type I activity accompany acute myocardial infarction. To determine whether the two may be related, platelet compounds including epidermal growth factor and transforming growth factor beta as well as platelet lysates were studied in rabbits in vivo. After intravenous infusion of epidermal growth factor (1 and 5 micrograms/kg), plasma PAI activity increased sevenfold and 20-fold, peaking at 2 hours. After infusions of transforming growth factor beta (0.2 and 0.5 microgram/kg), plasma PAI activity increased sevenfold and 12-fold but peaked more slowly (at 5 hours). After infusion of platelet lysates (lysates from 2.8 and 5.6 X 10(8) platelets/kg), the increase was 19-fold and 35-fold, with a peak at 4 hours. Platelet lysates induced a pronounced increase of plasma PAI type 1 messenger RNA (Northern blots) in aorta, liver, and myocardium. Anti-transforming growth factor beta neutralizing antibody markedly attenuated the plasma PAI increase. Concentrations in plasma of fibrinogen and alpha 2-antiplasmin were virtually unaffected under all conditions. Thus, platelet-associated growth factors and platelet lysates, shown previously to increase plasma PAI type 1 messenger RNA expression and protein production in cultured hepatocytes and vascular endothelial cells in vitro, augment plasma PAI in vivo as well. Accordingly, activation of platelets and release of platelet-associated growth factors appear to contribute to the increased plasma PAI seen after myocardial infarction.
Animals↗
Pharmacological studies on 6-amidino-2-naphthyl[4-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)amino] benzoate dimethane sulfonate (FUT-187). I: Inhibitory activities on various kinds of enzymes in vitro and anticomplement activity in vivo.
FUT-187, a newly synthesized compound, was studied on its inhibitory activities mainly on proteolytic enzymes, in comparison with those of FUT-175 and FOY-305, known serine protease inhibitors. FUT-187, as well as FUT-175 and FOY-305, had selective inhibitory activities on serine proteases including Clr, Cls, kallikrein, trypsin, plasmin and thrombin; its activities on these enzymes except Clr and pancreatic kallikrein were relatively lower than those of FUT-175 and FOY-305. Further studies were conducted focusing on complement-mediated reactions. In spite of its lower activities against Clr and Cls, inhibitions by FUT-187 on the complement-mediated hemolysis in vitro and in vivo were only a little weaker than or equivalent to that of FUT-175. FOY-305 was ineffective in these tests. Forssman shock in guinea pigs is known to be initiated by the activation of the complement system. The protective effect of intravenous or oral FUT-187 against this shock was definitely superior to that of FUT-175. Furthermore, FUT-187 inhibited changes accompanied with Forssman shock, such as increase in lung weight, the decrease in platelet counts and CH50, and histopathological changes. These results suggested that FUT-187 should be a more potent oral therapeutic agent than FUT-175 for various inflammatory diseases attributed to the excessive activation of the complement system followed by platelet aggregation.
Amylases↗
[Reproductive and developmental toxicity study of mofezolac (N-22) (2)--Study by oral administration of N-22 during the period of fetal organogenesis in rats].
The teratogenicity of mofezolac (N-22), a new developed analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent, was investigated in rats. N-22 was given orally to pregnant rats of the Jcl: Wistar strain (30 rats per group) at dose levels of 10, 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg/day from days 7 to 17 of gestation. Caesarean sections were performed on 20 dams per group on day 20 of gestation and their fetuses were examined for external, visceral and skeletal abnormalities. The remaining 10 dams per group were allowed to deliver and their offspring were examined for growth and reproductive performance. Results were as follows. 1. Effects on F0 generation At 150 mg/kg, eleven out of the 30 dams exhibited decreased motor activity, pale eyes, unkempt fur, urine-smeared lower abdomen, weakness and emaciation. At autopsy, twelve dams revealed gastrointestinal ulcers, peritonitic lesions, hypertrophy of the spleen, adrenal and mesenteric lymph node, atrophy of the submaxillary gland, thymus and liver and discoloration of the liver and kidney. Death, sacrificing in extremis, premature or delayed delivery and poor nursing occurred in one to two dams each. Food consumption was significantly decreased and body weight gain was significantly retarded in this dose level group. At 100 mg/kg, urine-smeared lower abdomen, hypertrophy of the spleen and poor nursing were observed in one dam each. 2. Effects on F1 generation At 150 mg/kg, significantly decreased fetal weight, increased number of immature fetuses and significantly retarded ossification of the 5th and 6th sternebrae and coccygeal vertebrae as well as significantly depressed body weight gain of female offspring were observed. No abnormalities were observed in each treated group in terms of development, behavior, learning ability and reproductive performance of offspring. 3. Effects on F2 generation No abnormalities were observed in fetuses and newborn young in each treated group. Based on these results, the maximum non-effective doses of N-22 in this study were considered to be 50 mg/kg/day for dams and offspring and 100 mg/kg/day for fetuses.
Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
Microsurgical thromboendarterectomy of the cavernous carotid artery--case report and surgical technique.
A 53-year-old male suffered a transient right hemiparesis and left monocular blindness. Angiography revealed 80% stenosis of the cavernous carotid artery. Microsurgical thromboendarterectomy was performed by a direct approach through Parkinson's triangle. During surgery, the carotid circulation was transiently trapped between the cervical and the supraclinoid segment and the trapped arterial lumen was irrigated with heparinized saline. Soft elastic lesion was easily removed. Cavernous carotid thromboendarterectomy through a direct approach is considered as a suitable operation for the solitary and localized stenotic lesions of the cavernous carotid artery, although this operation has not yet been reported to date.
Carotid Artery Diseases↗
DMPO spin trapping in the presence of Fe ion.
Aminoxyl radical formation from DMPO in the presence of Fe ion was studied to clarify the ambiguous ESR signals obtained by spin trapping with DMPO. It was found that when DMPO was used in a Fenton system, a Fe-DMPO complex was formed immediately. This complex was subsequently attacked by oxidative species originating from H2O2 and thus oxidative degradation of DMPO was induced in the Fenton system. On the other hand, in the case of M4PO, the degradation was found to be very slow, indicating that the 3 position of DMPO was favorably attacked by the oxidative species. Some of the degradation products are probably aminoxyl radicals. This series of the degradation products are probably aminoxyl radicals. This series of reactions may compete with spin trapping and make it difficult to analyze ESR spectra obtained in the presence of Fe ion.
Cyclic N-Oxides↗
[Effect of aging and physical inactivity on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity].
It has been well documented that glucose intolerance is associated with aging, but it is not yet clear whether this phenomenon is due to the aging process itself or is secondary to the appearance of other age-related conditions among which physical inactivity is one of most important variables. To evaluate the effect of aging process and/or physical inactivity on insulin action, this study was undertaken using the euglycemic insulin clamp technique and the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Subjects without diabetes mellitus and other serious diseases consisted of 14 non-obese aged individuals and 10 young controls (YC group), ranging in age from 63 to 85 yrs, and from 19 to 21 yrs, respectively. The aged individuals were further divided into two groups (one was termed as the AS group, in which 7 aged subjects had been confined to bed for at least 3 months and the other was termed as the AC group in which 7 aged controls kept their daily physical activity such as walking). The results of OGTT did not show any remarkable differences between AC and YC groups. In the AS group, however, glucose intolerance and low insulin response during OGTT were observed. In view of the tissue insulin action, MCR, which is thought as a reliable marker for tissue insulin action, evaluated by euglycemic insulin clamp was 5.31 +/- 0.68, 8.57 +/- 1.20, 9.60 +/- 0.35 ml/kg/min in the AS, AC and YC groups, respectively (AS less than AC, p less than 0.05, AS less than YC, p less than 0.01, AC less than YCM, N.S.).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adult↗