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Biomedical subjects

S Friedman

Publications and source records attributed to S Friedman.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

The in vitro effect of lithium on growth and adherence of Streptococcus mutans 6715.

The in vitro effect of lithium (Li) on growth and adherence of Streptococcus mutans 6715 in the presence and absence of sucrose was examined by means of optical density and transmission electron microscopy. In the non-sucrose assay, bacterial growth was depressed and adherence was elevated between concentrations of 1.44-11.52 mmol/L Li. At 7.20 mmol/L Li extracellular material was present on the bacterial wall. Using 11.52-28.08 mmol/L Li resulted in a perfect negative correlation between the increasing concentrations of Li and bacterial growth and adherence (rs = -0.9 and rs = -1, respectively) in both assays. This paper addresses the dichotomy between the low and high Li concentrations regarding the two bacterial parameters studied, as well as their possibly related cariogenic and cariostatic clinical relevance.

Bacterial Adhesion↗
PubMed1988

Ifosfamide/mesna related encephalopathy: a case report with a possible role of phenobarbital in enhancing neurotoxicity.

A case of reversible encephalopathy after one dose of ifosfamide/mesna in an epileptic 15-year-old girl is reported. No other pathology could be responsible for the symptoms. An epilepsy or a toxicity induced by vincristine were discussed. Nevertheless, the possible role of phenobarbital, known to induce hepatic microsomal activity, seems the more probable mechanism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Preoperative induction chemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced soft tissue sarcomas.

Evidence that supports the use of systemic, presurgical induction chemotherapy to render soft tissue sarcomas resectable or to minimize the extent of surgical excision is presented. Induction chemotherapy was administered in 34 cases of nonmetastatic soft tissue sarcomas. All patients had large tumors for which only mutilating surgery, if any, was possible. In 21 patients, a combination of Adriamycin (doxorubicin), cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, vindesine, and DTIC (DCPAV) produced two complete remissions (CR) and 6 partial remissions (PR). A combination of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, Adriamycin, and DTIC (CYVADIC) produced three PR in eight patients, and a combination of Adriamycin and ifosfamide (AI) produced two PR in five patients. After two to seven cycles of chemotherapy, 24 patients underwent surgery. In 19, gross tumor excision was performed; 12 proved to be microscopically fully resected. Disease in two patients entered CR with chemotherapy alone, but surgery was performed in both patients as well. Irradiation was administered in ten patients to produce or insure CR (eight cases of residual disease postoperatively), and in two patients with unresectable disease. Four patients with disease in CR after surgery also received radiation due to the initial massive tumor size. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves at 2 years showed 18% total survival in the patients in whom CR of disease was not achieved, and 80% survival in patients with disease in CR. Of the 22 patients with disease in CR (by all means), disease-free survival was 1 to 44 months (mean, 13.7). Disease currently remains in CR in ten patients with a mean follow-up of 13.6 months (3 to 34 months from end of therapy). Ten patients had a local recurrence following a CR after 3 to 44 months (mean, 15.3 months).

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Nucleotide sequence and expression of the gene encoding the EcoRII modification enzyme.

The gene coding for the EcoRII modification enzyme has been cloned and the nucleotide sequence of 1933 base pairs containing the gene has been determined. The gene codes for a protein of 477 amino acids. Two transcriptional start sites have been mapped by S1 mapping. One deletion that removes 34 N-terminal amino acids was found to have partial enzyme activity. Comparison of the EcoRII methylase sequence with other cytosine methylases revealed several domains of partial homology among all cytosine methylases. Cloning the gene in multicopy pUC vectors increased the expression by 6-18 fold. A 40 fold overproduction of the EcoRII methylase was obtained by cloning the gene in the expression vector carrying the lambda PL promoter.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1987

Alloreactivity of an OVA-specific T-cell clone. I. Stimulation by class II MHC and novel non-MHC B-cell determinants.

A T-cell clone (Ly1-03) derived from BALB/cBy mice, though highly specific for OVA/Ad, reacted to allogeneic spleen cells of 6 of 12 H-2 haplotypes tested. The reactivity to each particular H-2 haplotype required the expression of a non-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) gene product present on the B cells of certain strains of mice. All the alloreactive responses were MHC restricted and were inhibited by class II-specific and L3T4-specific monoclonal antibodies. The non-MHC gene product, X, is a new lymphocyte-stimulating determinant that is not expressed in mice with the xid defect. We favor a model that proposes two independent sites (or receptors) for X and the class II molecule. Contrary to previous models for alloreactivity, the anti-MHC site is not directed to a polymorphic receptor for self-class II epitope on the foreign class II molecule, but rather to a conserved determinant present on both self- and allo-class II molecules. If there is only one antigen receptor on the T-cell clone Ly1-03, then anti-X receptor must bind to a cross-reactive determinant found on immunogenic OVA and the non-MHC coded gene product expressed on the cell surface membrane. We further postulate that class II plus "X" recognition may be a general rule for alloreactive as well as autoreactive responses. Thus, both allo-class II and allo-class I reactive T cells are similar in that both bind a non-MHC coded gene product prior to activation.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Severe hypertensive reaction after naloxone injection during labor.

A case of severe hypertension during labor after Naloxone injection is described in a patient with previous mild hypertension. The interaction of andogenous opioids and opiate antagonists, and their role in the control of blood pressure is discussed. Opiate antagonists should be given with caution to obstetric patients with mild to moderate hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Adhesion reformation and de novo adhesion formation after reproductive pelvic surgery.

At second-look laparoscopy, 82 of 161 women (51%) were noted to have adhesions at at least one new location. Such adhesions occurred at 31% of available sites. Among 121 women with adhesions at the initial operative procedure, the rate and type of recurrence assessed on the ovaries, fimbriae, and other sites were independent of the initial type. Additionally, neither the rate nor the type of adhesion recurrence observed at the time of second-look laparotomy was determined by the variable amount of time between the initial and second-look operative procedures. We conclude that reproductive pelvic surgical procedures are frequently complicated not only by adhesion reformation but by de novo adhesion formation as well.

Female↗
PubMed1987

Visualization of O6-methylguanine in target cell nuclei of dimethylnitrosamine-treated human pancreas by a murine monoclonal antibody.

A murine monoclonal IgG2b with high affinity and specificity for O6-methylguanine was developed. This allowed visualization of this adduct in paraffin-embedded sections by indirect fluorescence or immunoperoxidase methods. The antibody was used to study and compare the formation and persistence of this adduct detected by immunohistochemistry and the presence of 14C methyl by autoradiography in sections from adult human pancreas explants exposed to [14C methyl]dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) and organ-cultured for up to 7 days. O6-methylguanine was detectable randomly and with varied intensity in parenchymal cell nuclei and cytoplasms, 6 h after exposure to DMN. Following RNase treatment, however, only 7.5% of nuclei revealed measurable staining. The positive nuclei decreased to 2.5% within 24 h and remained about the same throughout the 7 days of culture. This correlated well with the change in percentage of positive nuclei for 14C methyl autoradiographic grains which were selectively condensed over the O6-methylguanine-stained nuclei. The data demonstrate a subpopulation of repair-deficient parenchymal cells of human pancreas exposed to DMN.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Modification of Kiel and working formulation classifications for improved survival prediction in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

The total survival of 203 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) was analyzed according to the working formulation (WF) and "expanded" Kiel classifications. The original Kiel classification consisting of low grade (LG) and high grade (HG) forms corresponded well to the LG and HG forms of the WF. When an expanded Kiel containing an intermediate grade (IG) composed of the original LG diffuse group was devised, this gave a much better separation of survival of the three grades as compared with the WF where the survival of IG and HG forms were nonsignificantly different. The main reason for this difference was the inclusion of the so-called centroblastic diffuse form in the HG Kiel, but in the IG according to the WF. In a "modified" WF analysis where this histologic entity was placed in the HG subgroup, the three survival curves then gave excellent separation like the expanded Kiel classification. Since the centroblastic diffuse form (and its analogous forms according to other classifications) has a poor prognosis, it is important that it be so recognized and treated accordingly with aggressive therapy. We propose either our expanded Kiel or modified WF classification of the three grade forms as an excellent predictor of survival.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1987

The importance of histologic grade in long-term prognosis of breast cancer: a study of 1,010 patients, uniformly treated at the Institut Gustave-Roussy.

In a study of 1,010 patients with solitary, unilateral, nonmetastatic breast cancer, the histologic grade, assessed by a multifactorial analysis (Cox model) to study its significance with other prognostic factors, was found to be an important, independent factor. For 612 operable patients, two laboratory characteristics, the number of histologically positive nodes and the histologic grade, were the most valuable predictors. These two factors alone form a predictive index that may be an excellent and simple guide for the clinical decision of subsequent therapy. For 398 patients with inoperable breast cancer (ie, tumor greater than or equal to 7 cm, N2-3, inflammatory, skin fixation, and clinically rapidly growing forms), the histologic grade (performed on drill or cutting needle biopsy) was again a most important (and with inflammatory forms the most important) predictor of prognosis in these patients. Our data support that performing our modified histoprognostic grading of Scarff and Bloom is simple, reproducible, incurs no additional cost, may be carried out in the simplest histology laboratory, and finally, defines an important risk factor in all patients. It should be routine for all breast cancer specimens. Furthermore, studies of adjuvant therapy should stratify patients for this variable.

Adult↗