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Biomedical subjects

S Ford

Publications and source records attributed to S Ford.

86 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1967

Experimental study of the pathogenicity of aspergilli for mice.

The relative virulence was determined for 14 species of aspergilli, by inoculating normal mice intravenously with graded doses of spores. Eleven were found to possess some degree of virulence, whereas three others were avirulent. Members of the Aspergillus flavus group were the only species that consistently killed mice with doses as low as 10(4) viable spores. When the in vivo fate of spores was compared for a virulent and an avirulent strain of Aspergillus, spores of the latter were cleared rapidly from the liver and spleen but grew in the kidneys and brain, producing progressive disease. Mice which inhaled spores did not succumb, but macrophages washed from their lungs contained spores. A relationship of virulence to spore characteristics such as germination time, size, shape, and external markings could not be established. Virulence could not be related to aflatoxin production inasmuch as at least one virulent strain did not produce aflatoxin in vitro.

Aerosols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Storytelling. An approach to client-centered care.

Storytelling as a communication technique influences listeners in a powerful way. The rebirth of storytelling, an old art form, is evident in nursing education programs. This approach enhances the learner's sensitivity to the illness experience. Stories relating to clinical situations use examples that address chronic illnesses, humanity, death, dying, and advance directives. Well-chosen stories have the ability to motivate, inspire, teach, or enhance the human sensitivity skills needed by interdisciplinary healthcare providers.

Advance Directives↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Amitriptyline dosage prediction in elderly patients from plasma concentration at 24 hours after a single 100mg dose.

Fifteen depressed elderly patients (14 female, 1 male; mean age 85 years) received a single oral dose of amitriptyline. The concentration of amitriptyline plus nortriptyline in a blood sample taken 24 hours later was used to predict by means of a nomogram the amitriptyline dosage required for each patient. Each dose was selected to produce steady-state amitriptyline plus nortriptyline concentrations close to 140 micrograms/L. The daily dosage ranged from 20 to 100mg (mean 62mg). Patients received the individually calculated dose each night, and weekly blood samples were obtained for drug analysis. At 2 weeks, mean amitriptyline plus nortriptyline concentrations were 118 +/- 21 micrograms/L. Eight of the patients were studied for a further 2 weeks and the mean amitriptyline plus nortriptyline concentration was then 111 +/- 19 micrograms/L. The dose prediction test is easy to use and ensures each patient receives an adequate but safer dose of amitriptyline than might otherwise be prescribed routinely.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term results in diabetic patients undergoing heart transplantation.

We conducted a retrospective study of 305 nondiabetic patients and 37 diabetic patients who underwent heart transplantation from July 1982 to May 1990. Actuarial survival was similar for both groups of patients at 1 year (76.4% versus 81.3%) and at 2 years (69.6% versus 73.0%). Because we were interested in long-term results, we further analyzed only those patients surviving more than 1 year after transplantation (214 nondiabetic patients and 29 diabetic patients). Mean follow-up for the nondiabetic patients was 31.8 +/- 16.2 months and for the diabetic patients, 32.9 +/- 4.1 months. The respective mean age in each group was 50.4 +/- 10.3 years and 51.6 +/- 9.1 years. No difference was observed between the nondiabetic patients and diabetic patients regarding the rejection rate per patient-month (0.040 +/- 0.041 versus 0.045 +/- 0.051 episodes per patient-month), the infection rate per patient-month (0.056 +/- 0.081 versus 0.081 +/- 0.102 episodes per patient-month), or renal function as evidenced by mean creatinine levels at 1, 2, and 3 years. Twelve patients were insulin-dependent before transplantation; and 1 year after transplantation, they required an insulin dose 2.12 times greater than the dose before operation. Coronary artery disease developed in 32.8% of the nondiabetic patients, compared with 31.0% of the diabetic patients by the fourth year of follow-up. Despite the need for increased insulin doses, the diabetic patients had similar long-term survival to that of the nondiabetic patients, without an increased risk of rejection, infection, renal dysfunction, or coronary artery disease. Our experience supports the feasibility of heart transplantation in selected diabetic recipients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A completely implantable total artificial heart system.

The authors developed, built, and tested in vivo a completely implanted total artificial heart (TAH) system. The system used a reduced size version of a roller screw energy converter and mating sac blood pumps. The motor drive, pumps, and a compliance chamber were implanted intrathoracically. A canister containing controlling electronics and an emergency battery was implanted in the abdomen. The secondary coil of an inductive energy transmission and telemetry system was placed over the ribs. The system was implanted in three calves, that survived 0.5-13 days with the system. The system maintained safe left atrial pressures and adequate cardiac outputs during each animal's entire course.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Quality of life in long-term survivors of the Hemopump left ventricular assist device.

The courses of 10 patients (nine men and one woman; mean age, 54 years) were reviewed to determine the long-term results of treatment with the Hemopump (Nimbus Medical, Inc., Rancho Cordova, CA) left ventricular assist device. Indications for treatment were postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock (n = 8) and acute cardiac allograft rejection (n = 2). Two of the patients with postcardiotomy shock required a bridge to transplantation. At follow-up (mean, 21 months), eight patients were alive: four were in New York Heart Association Functional Class I and four were in Class II. None had long-term adverse effects that were attributable to the site of insertion (e.g., limb ischemia or infected groin wounds). All the patients considered themselves independent in their daily activities, and most of the patients were able to exercise and pursue hobbies. The Hemopump appears to offer long-term survival with an acceptable quality of life to a population of patients whose survival would have been highly unlikely otherwise.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Into the outside.

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Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

It's a duet not a duel.

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Clinical Competence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Integrated radiation hybrid and yeast artificial chromosome map of chromosome 9p.

A panel of 93 radiation-reduced hybrids have been screened using PCR amplification and oligonucleotide primers for sequence-tagged sites (STSs) specific for 114 single-copy loci mapping to the short arm of chromosome 9. An x-ray dose of 6,000 rads gave an average retention frequency of approximately 23%. We have constructed a framework map containing 31 markers ordered by analyzing coretention patterns, with support for the order greater than 1,000:1. In addition, we have placed the remaining markers which could not be mapped to a single interval with this support to a range of intervals on the framework map. The STS oligonucleotide primers used in the construction of the radiation hybrid (RH) map have been used to isolate and order yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs) assigned to 9p identified from the CEPH megaYAC library. Eighty-nine STS markers have screened positive with at least one YAC. A total of 88 individual YACs (with an average size of 0.9 MB) have been placed on the map in a series of contigs and in some cases mapped cytogenetically by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Additionally, the YAC information has been used in conjunction with the RH framework placements to generate an integrated map containing 65 loci including 51 uniquely positioned markers, with an average resolution of 0.79 Mb.

Animals↗