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Biomedical subjects

S Fleming

Publications and source records attributed to S Fleming.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Calgranulin expression and association with the keratinocyte cytoskeleton.

The molecules calgranulin A and B are two intracellular calcium-binding proteins which are expressed by the lesional keratinocytes of inflammatory dermatoses. We have investigated the induction of the calgranulin proteins in an in vitro system and characterized the epidermal form of calgranulin. Using calgranulin-specific monoclonal antibodies, we have shown that these proteins are expressed within the epidermis of skin explants after 12-24 h culture in vitro. The induction of calgranulin-specific staining on culture was prevented, however, by the inclusion of cycloheximide in the culture medium, in sufficient quantities to prevent de novo protein synthesis. Indirect immunofluorescence staining was used to analyse the subcellular localization of the calgranulin proteins. The specific staining pattern with antibodies which recognize the individual calgranulin proteins was retained in detergent insoluble cytoskeletal preparations of epidermis. In Western blotting experiments epidermal calgranulins could be solubilized only by using a urea-based protein extraction buffer. After sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the epidermal extracts a single antigen, with a molecular weight of 13.0 kD was detected with the calgranulin-specific antibody MAC 387. The expression of calgranulins, similar to other members of the same protein family, may regulate cytoskeletal changes in skin disease.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed1990

Translocation (2;6)(q36;p21.3) in a lipoma.

Cytogenetic investigation of a benign solitary lipoma from the right groin of a 51-year-old woman revealed a t(2;6)(q36;p21.3). This report documents another lipoma with involvement of the short arm of chromosome 6.

Chromosome Banding↗
PubMed1990

Mishaps during transport from the intensive care unit.

We undertook a prospective study of 125 intrahospital patient transports from the ICU in an attempt to identify any factors that could influence the occurrence of mishaps. One third of the transports sustained at least one mishap. Therapeutic intervention scoring system class IV transports had the highest rate of mishaps (35%). We found no relationship of occurrence of mishaps to severity of illness (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, APACHE II), number of lines, monitoring and support modalities, and time out of the ICU. Transports for elective procedures had more mishaps (60%) than occurred for emergencies (40%). Most mishaps occurred either during the procedure, on transports to CT scan, or while waiting at the destination. The numbers and types of escorts as defined by our ICU policy and physician attendance on transport did not clearly reduce mishap risk. Morbidity and mortality were not affected by mishaps. Although certain trends did emerge, no clearly defined predictive factor could be identified. Further study into transport mishaps is warranted.

Accidents↗
PubMed1990

Antigen-presenting cells in the skin and placenta in pemphigoid gestationis.

In pemphigoid gestationis (PG), one of the major initiating events is the aberrant expression of the class II molecules of the major histocompatibility complex in the placenta. We used a panel of 13 monoclonal antibodies to investigate the phenotype of the MHC class II positive antigen-presenting cells (APC) in the skin and placenta in PG. In the skin, the APC show reactivity with a variety of macrophage markers and the CDI marker of Langerhans cells. By contrast, the MHC class II positive cells in the placenta showed no reactivity with macrophage or Langerhans cell markers, but were the cytokeratin-positive trophoblast or vimentin-positive stromal cells.

Antigen-Presenting Cells↗
PubMed1990

Early expression of desmosomal components during kidney tubule morphogenesis in human and murine embryos.

Developing kidneys of human and murine fetuses have been stained with monoclonal antibodies to desmosomal proteins 1 and 2 (desmoplakins) (dp 1&2), desmosomal glycoprotein 1 (desmoglein) and a polyclonal antiserum to desmosomal glycoproteins 2 and 3 (desmocollins). All three antibodies stain the mesenchymal condensates that represent the first stage in kidney tubule development, indicating that desmosomal antigens are expressed very early in tubule morphogenesis. Desmosomal antigens are continuously expressed throughout the developing tubule being concentrated at the apical and basal regions of the lateral membranes of cells. Staining is also present in both visceral and parietal membranes of the developing Bowman's capsule. In the mature tubule, desmosomal staining becomes restricted to a discontinuous apico-lateral ring around the cells. Staining is completely lost from the visceral membrane of the mature Bowman's capsule (the podocytes) but persists in the parietal membrane. At the condensate stage, staining for dp1&2 is much more intense than staining for simple epithelial keratin. Electron microscopy showed the presence of small (ca 0.1 microns) punctate junctions in the developing tubule. These may be immature desmosomes. No fully mature desmosomes such as are present in mature kidney were found. The results suggest that desmosomal proteins and glycoproteins are involved in the early development of adhesive contacts between cells of the kidney tubule. The changing pattern of antigen expression, the loss of desmosomal staining from the podocytes and the immaturity of junctions suggest that desmosomal adhesion is labile during tubule morphogenesis, perhaps in order to facilitate changes of cell-cell contact.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Teaching physicians about teaching: an experiential workshop.

Teaching improvement workshops are most effective when they engage teachers actively in practice teaching, particularly when the teaching situation is similar to the actual one to which the teachers will return. Teachers, however, often find such involvement threatening. In this paper we describe a 3 h workshop which succeeds in overcoming teachers' reluctance to participate in situations that are relevant to their real teaching problems, students, and subject matter. The most exciting outcome, in our view, was teachers' increased sensitivity to the limitations of their teaching approach and their increased awareness of the role of their concept of teaching in shaping their teaching strategies. Weaknesses of the workshop include its dependence on the skills of a group director, the tendency of the group to seek a single right answer instead of exploring alternatives and the usual danger of role rigidity which troubles all role enactment procedures.

Ontario↗
PubMed1990

N-linked oligosaccharides during human renal organogenesis.

The structure of fucosylated derivatives of N-acetyl lactosamine expressed during human renal development has been studied by the combined use of monoclonal antibodies and glycosyl hydrolases. LeX is expressed on the ureteric bud ampulla carried N-linked on a glycoprotein. It is also present in the proximal tubule as a ganglioside. H-Type II substance is expressed on the endothelium of the developing renal vasculature. It is also carried N-linked to a glycoprotein. These regulated changes in the cell surface carbohydrate expression are important in understanding cell interactions and receptor systems during renal development.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Antigenic heterogeneity of renal endothelium.

We have identified several antibodies which in immunocytochemical experiments reveal antigenic heterogeneity in renal vascular endothelium. In the renal vascular endothelium, blood group antigen H type II was carried in a sialylated form on an endogalactosidase resistant molecule. The glomerular reactivity was sensitive to digestion by this enzyme. Monoclonal antibodies of the CD 39, CD 14, and CD 11C leucocyte differentiation clusters bind to renal vascular endothelium but not to glomerular capillaries. In fetal kidney, the developing glomerular endothelium has the same phenotype as the remainder of the vascular tree with respect to these markers. There are therefore antigenic differences among renal endothelial cells and these arise during renal organogenesis.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1989

Calgranulin expression in inflammatory dermatoses.

We have used monoclonal antibodies to study the expression of calgranulins by keratinocytes in inflammatory dermatoses. Calgranulins are intracellular calcium binding proteins which have inflammatory cytokine activity and are composed of at least two different chains, calgranulin A and B. Antibody CF 145 and CF 557 identify calgranulin A and B, respectively. MAC 387 recognizes a molecule probably containing both calgranulins. Keratinocytes in normal skin did not contain these molecules. The keratinocytes in 52 cases of different inflammatory dermatoses showed expression of both calgranulin chains in lesional but not in non-lesional skin. Keratinocytes in inflammatory dermatoses therefore express an intracellular calcium binding protein which has cytokine activity.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Differentiating grief and depression.

The present paper offers a selective review of the relevant empirical literature that has attempted to outline the reaction of a person to the death of a spouse, and the manner in which this reaction differs from a clinically significant depressive disorder. This review indicates that although grief and depression may be similar in some ways (e.g., affective and behavioural disruption), they rarely are similar in terms of level of pathology in cognitive functioning. In light of this, it is recommended that caregivers working with the bereaved go beyond assessment of depressive symptomatology, and explore the personal meaning of the death for the grieving spouse.

Bereavement↗
PubMed1989

Immunopathology of the placenta in pemphigoid gestationis and linear IgA disease.

We have investigated the immunopathology of the placenta in bullous diseases by studying the deposition of immune complexes and expression of MHC class II subregion products by immunohistological methods. Placentae from seven patients with pemphigoid gestationis (PG) and two patients with linear IgA disease were studied. In PG immune complexes containing IgGI and C3 were identified in six cases. In linear IgA disease IgAI containing immune complexes were found in both cases. Placentae from patients with PG showed aberrant expression of MHC Class II products. This was not seen in the placentae from patients with linear IgA disease. In PG there was incoordinate expression of the subregion products, DP and DR being more extensively and consistently expressed than DQ. These results and previous immunogenetic studies suggest that PG may be unique among organ specific autoimmune disease, the autoantibodies forming during an allogenic response rather than target cells behaving as antigen presenting cells.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed1989

Passing the oral examination for specialist qualification in psychiatry: Part II.

The nature of the relationship between candidates and their examiners is explored, and suggestions made as to how candidates might comfort themselves during the oral examinations. In addition, the authors describe some of the organizing principles for responding to questions during the question and answer portion of the examination.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1989

B-cell markers in the human kidney.

This report describes the reactivity of a panel of 89 monoclonal antibodies with the normal human kidney. The antibodies were all submitted to the B-cell panel of the Third Leukocyte Differentiation Workshop. Several different patterns of staining of renal structures were identified. Most antibodies clustered in defined CD groups showed the same pattern of reactivity in the kidney, but some, notably CD19 antibodies, showed heterogeneity of binding to the kidney. These findings are important for the use of monoclonal antibodies to define phenotype in cell culture and immunohistology experiments.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

A monoclonal antibody stains blastemal but not tubular components of Wilms' tumour.

The monoclonal antibody PAL-E is specific for endothelial cells in a wide variety of normal and tumour tissue. In normal kidney, PAL-E reacts exclusively with the endothelium of non-glomerular blood vessels. In Wilms' tumour, binding of PAL-E was not restricted to the endothelium; staining of blastemal cells was observed in seven out of eight cases examined. Mesenchymal and tubular components, if present in Wilms' tumour, were negative. In contrast, a monoclonal antibody to Factor VIII-related antigen (RFF-8-R-1) bound only to endothelial cells in these tumours. In fetal kidney, PAL-E binding showed a wider distribution than in adult kidney and both stromal and glomerular capillaries were stained. Tubules and non-endothelial stromal cells were negative. These results indicate that the reactivity of the monoclonal antibody, PAL-E, is not restricted to cells of endothelial origin in all tissues. The implications of these findings for the differentiation of Wilms' tumour are discussed.

Adult↗