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Biomedical subjects

S Falk

Publications and source records attributed to S Falk.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Overweight newborn infants--incidence, causes and clinical significance].

A retrospective study of 7711 births revealed 741 (9.6%) overweight (greater than 4,000 g) neonates. Statistical analysis shows, that neonatal macrosomia closely correlates with maternal age, parity, and weight. The pathogenesis of neonatal macrosomia appears to be influenced primarily by genetic factors. 19% of the cases show a pathological oral glucose tolerance test and/or hypertension, whose role in the development of overweight neonates has yet to be determined. With the exception of shoulder dystocias, postpartal atonia and hyperbilirubinaemia, the rate of obstetric or paediatric complications was not increased compared to the control group. The delivery of overweight neonates of non-diabetic mothers does not appear to carry an increased risk of intra- and postpartal complications.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1989

[Malignant mixed Müllerian tumors of the uterus. Clinical, morphologic and immunohistochemical findings].

Clinical and morphological findings in four patients with mixed mullerian tumors of the uterus showed, that these highly aggressive neoplasms are derived from the undifferentiated mullerian epithelium. Immunohistochemically, each component exhibits characteristic differentiation markers. The presence of cytokeratins or desmin signals an epithelial viz. rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation, whilst the detection of vimentin in the absence of other markers demonstrates an undifferentiated mesenchymal component. This component appears to be responsible for the aggressive biological behavior of mixed mullerian tumors.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Hamartomas of the spleen: a study of 20 biopsy cases.

Twenty hamartomas of the spleen were studied by histological, immuno- and enzyme-histochemical methods. In all cases nodules of varying size resembling proliferation of splenic red pulp structures were present that exhibited considerable morphological variation with regard to plasmacytosis, extramedullary haematopoiesis and phagocytic activity of macrophages. Splenic red pulp structures could be identified by immuno- and enzyme-histochemical markers reacting with sinus endothelium, including Factor VIII related antigen, proteinase inhibitors and non-specific esterases. In conjunction with the absence of organized lymphoid tissue and of dendritic reticulum cells these studies allow the differentiation of splenic hamartomas from haemangiomas that may possess a deceptively similar morphological appearance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Lateral osteoma--auditory exostosis or hamartoma?].

An osteoma of the external meatus the size of a hazelnut was found in a 30-year-old man, arising from the bony edge of the external meatus near the tympanomastoid fissure. Histology showed epithelial cysts, trabeculae, blood-forming areas, fat cells, connective tissue and blood vessels. The site of origin and histological findings seem to indicate true hamartoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)].

A 32-year-old homosexual with AIDS, who until 1985 was a frequent traveller to South America and mediterranean countries, had recurrent bouts of fever, splenomegaly, arthralgias as well as granulocytopenia and anaemia. Liver and bone-marrow punctures were performed to exclude malignant lymphoma and (or) a mycobacterial infection. Both biopsies revealed Leishmania donovani. During administration of sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam) the fever disappeared for a time and there was clinical improvement, but further treatment was limited because of thrombocytopenia. In patients with AIDS who have splenomegaly with nonspecific fever, visceral leishmaniasis must be considered in the differential diagnosis even outside of endemic regions.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Epithelioid granulomatosis with initial and predominant manifestation in spleen. Morphological and immunohistochemical analysis of six cases.

In six patients with systemic symptoms, four of which had lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates in the bone marrow splenectomy was performed because of suspected malignant lymphoma, with resolution of clinical symptoms. The spleen showed epithelioid granulomas, and neither splenic tissue nor clinical follow-up revealed evidence of malignant lymphoma. Immunohistochemical analysis documented an identical phenotype in epithelioid and giant cells as well as in large numbers of CD4 + lymphocytes and S100 + interdigitating reticulum cells within the granulomas. These cases are interpreted to represent epithelioid granulomatosis with primary and/or predominant manifestation in the spleen.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The spleen in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

72 spleens from AIDS patients were studied by histologic and immunohistochemical methods. Apart from the opportunistic infections and malignancies typically occurring in AIDS patients (malignant lymphomas, Kaposi's sarcoma, mycobacterial infections, cryptococcosis, cytomegalovirus infections) morphological changes probably directly attributable to HIV infection were noted that progressed from follicular hyperplasia with nearly normal periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths to atrophy of follicles and severe cellular depletion of T cell areas with concomitant plasmacytosis and occurrence of small giant cells. At the same time the number of Protein S-100 positive cells markedly increased; in some cases almost all pulp cord macrophages expressed the antigen. In addition, the sinus endothelia strongly expressed protease inhibitors.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Disseminated visceral leishmaniasis (kala azar) in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

The case of an AIDS patient with visceral leishmaniasis diagnosed by bone marrow and liver biopsy is reported. Despite the infrequent association between HIV infection and leishmaniasis pathologists and clinicians alike should be alerted to the possibility of leishmaniasis occurring as yet another opportunistic infection in the setting of HIV-induced immunodeficiency.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

The spleen in Hodgkin's disease. An immunohistochemical study of lymphocyte subpopulations and macrophages.

Lymphocyte subpopulations and macrophages in 16 spleens from patients with Hodgkin's disease were analysed immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies of the Leu and the Ki M series. In non-involved splenic tissue there is an increase of T-lymphocytes with an increased T-helper/T-suppressor cell ratio, while Ki M-1, -2, -3 and -5-positive, i.e. phenotypically different macrophages, are reduced. These results indicate that involvement of the spleen in Hodgkin's disease is accompanied by changes with respect not only to lymphocyte subpopulations but also to cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system. The immunodeficiency associated with Hodgkin's disease is probably not solely due to lymphocyte dysfunction, since the disease may lead, at least in the spleen, to alterations in macrophages and accessory cells and this may contribute to the impairment of cell-mediated immunity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Studies of the tissue reaction induced by transvenous pacemaker electrodes. I. Microscopic examination of the extent of connective tissue around the electrode tip in the human right ventricle.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent of connective tissue of the human right ventricle induced by cardiac pacing electrodes. Between January 1984 and July 1987, 34 consecutive patients with VVI-pacing systems were autopsied in the Department of Pathology at the University of Frankfurt/M. The surrounding tissue of these 34 electrodes (17 Siemens Elema 412 S, five Medtronic 6957, one Medtronic 6959, one Medtronic 4011, three Biotronik D2K, three Biotronik K 10, two Osypka FY 62, one Biotronik N, and one Siemens Elema 588) in the right ventricle were investigated histologically. The tissue was stained with Giemsa and the thickness of the connective tissue layer was measured. Stimulation threshold data at various times were known in four of eight screw-in electrodes, in seven of 17 vitreous carbon electrodes and in two of seven smooth surface electrodes. Electrode surface area, implantation time, age of the patient and cause of death were comparable for all three electrode groups. However, a significant difference was found in the extent of connective tissue between the porous surface and screw-in electrodes (128 +/- 55 vs 397 +/- 269 micron, P less than or equal to 0.01) and porous surface and smooth surface electrodes (128 +/- 55 vs 307 +/- 117 micron, P less than or equal to 0.01). No relation (r = 0.106) was found between the duration of implantation and the extent of connective tissue for the vitreous carbon electrodes (Siemens Elema 412 S).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Autopsy findings in AIDS--a histopathological analysis of fifty cases.

Fifty consecutive AIDS autopsy cases were evaluated. All subjects showed one or more opportunistic infections and malignancies included in the AIDS case definition with cytomegalovirus and Kaposi's sarcoma being most prevalent. Mycobacterial and cryptococcal infections occurred only infrequently. Most patients of our series after successful treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia or cerebral toxoplasmosis later succumbed to less treatable conditions like disseminated cytomegalovirus or fungal infections or malignant lymphoma. In the absence of specific treatment for the HIV infection leading to these lethal complications special emphasis must be put on the prevention of HIV transmission and spread.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

Splenic haematopoiesis in patients with cirrhosis of the liver.

Hitherto it has generally been assumed that splenic haematopoiesis in adult humans occurs very infrequently and is predominantly associated with haematological disorders. In the present study of patients with cirrhosis of the liver, a marked splenic haematopoiesis was a constant finding. Moreover, low-level splenic erythro- and granulopoiesis was highly prevalent even in haematologically normal controls, while splenic thrombopoiesis was conspicuously absent in both groups. We suggest that splenic haematopoiesis results from entrapment and proliferation of circulating haematopoietic precursor cells in the splenic red pulp. This would account for the presence of splenic haematopoiesis in normal controls as well as in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. In the latter, stimulation of bone marrow haematopoiesis and increased splenic pooling of haematopoietic precursor cells may contribute to the marked increase of splenic haematopoiesis observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Hodgkin's disease in the spleen. A morphological study of 140 biopsy cases.

140 spleens involved by untreated Hodgkin's disease were studied utilizing conventional histological methods. Regardless of the subtype of Hodgkin's disease, infiltrates of neoplastic cells were present either in the periarteriolar lymphoid sheath, the marginal zone or in both locations. Initially, infiltrates were confined to the splenic white pulp, later larger nodular foci of Hodgkin's disease developed by coalescence of several infiltrates. Neoplastic cells in Hodgkin's disease may reach the spleen by both retrograde lymphatic spread or the splenic artery; the presence of neoplastic cells in both T- and B-cell areas of the splenic white pulp implies a preference for Hodgkin's disease in the spleen with regard to a suitable microenvironment. This may be provided by certain macrophage subpopulations.

Adolescent↗