Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S Ewart.
Gata3 is a positional candidate gene for allergic asthma. We determined allergen-induced GATA-3 mRNA and protein expression in asthma susceptible and resistant mice and generated Gata3 sequence data. Our data indicate that the Gata3 gene in isolation is not a causative agent of asthma susceptibility in our model.
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Characterization of pulmonary function parameters in mice will facilitate the dissection of genetic mechanisms underlying airway hyperresponsiveness. We evaluated acetylcholine (ACh)-induced respiratory system resistance (Rrs) and elastance (Ers) in A/J and C3H/HeJ mice and compared these results with the previously used airway pressure-time index (APTI). A low-dead-space ventilatory system was designed to ventilate anesthetized mice with constant inspiratory flow. The end-inflation occlusion method was used to measure Rrs and Ers at baseline and after intravenous ACh (12.5-75.0 micrograms/kg) challenge. ACh induced a dose-dependent rise in Rrs and Ers in A/J mice, whereas minimal changes were observed in C3H/HeJ mice. A/J mice had a higher baseline Rrs, yet the response to ACh was independent of baseline Rrs. Additionally, sequential ACh challenges led to augmented responses. Rrs, Ers, and APTI were strongly correlated, and each was useful to detect differences in interstrain cholinergic-induced airway responsiveness. The Rrs detected the smallest differences between the strains of mice studied.
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Serratia marcescens was the causative agent of bacterial endocarditis in a 2-year-old Arabian stallion. The horse was treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics for 1 month. The horse died several months after treatment was discontinued. To our knowledge, Serratia marcescens has not been reported as the cause of bacterial endocarditis in horses; however, multiple cases of bacterial endocarditis attributable to Serratia marcescens have been documented in human beings. The bacteria is most commonly isolated in immune-compromised patients.
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Federal recognition of the tribal status of the Klamath Indians of Oregon was terminated by Congress in 1954, along with all health, education, and welfare services. In the winter and spring of 1985 a health status and health care needs assessment was conducted among 202 Klamath Indians ages 40 years and older with the use of a shortened version of the Older Americans Resources and Services (OARS) instrument. Twenty percent of the Klamaths surveyed reported having diabetes, and more than 30 percent reported having arthritis, rheumatism, or hypertension, or having had their gallbladder removed. The data were compared with those of national surveys of Indian and non-Indian elders that also used the OARS instrument. Even though the Klamaths surveyed were younger than the comparison groups, their health status was no better than that of other Indians and was worse than that of the non-Indian population. Moreover, among these Klamath adults, health insurance coverage was lower, and perceived unmet needs for medical care were higher than in either of the comparison groups.