Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Endo

Publications and source records attributed to S Endo.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Visualization of sulfated glycoconjugates in the chicken embryonic heart by whole-mount alcian blue staining.

In the atrioventricular canal (AVC) and outflow tract (OT) of the developing heart, endothelial cells transform specifically to mesenchymal cells. The mesenchymal cells migrate into the underlying acellular matrix termed cardiac jelly and form endocardial cushion tissue. It is believed the that the highly hydrated nature of cardiac jelly is ascribed to sulfated glycoconjugates in the components of jelly matrix. In the present study, we have visualized the distribution and its temporal changes of sulfated glycoconjugates in the embryonic heart from stage 12 to 26 using whole mount alcian blue (AB) histochemistry. Atrial matrix was AB-negative in all the stages examined. Cardiac jelly in the AVC and OT were positive and the staining intensity increased as heart development proceeded, while AB-positive staining in the matrix of the ventricle became negative by stage 19. At stages later than 19, AB-positive matrix was localized in only the AVC and OT where endothelially-derived mesenchymal cells populated.

Alcian Blue↗
PubMed1998

Endothelial outgrowth and the subsequent cell transition in the culture of embryonic atrioventricular canal placed in an inverted polarity.

Endothelial cells in the atrioventricular (AV) segment of the developing chicken heart undergo a transition into mesenchymal cells. When the AV segment is explanted onto a hydrated collagen gel, endothelial cells grow out and reproduce in vivo cell transition regardless of the precise orientation of the explant on a gel. Our results showed that when the luminal side of an explant was placed towards a gel surface, the inverted polarity of endothelium was not adjusted by direct reorganization of polarity, but that the endothelium crawled down so as to settle on a gel surface in the correct original cell polarity. Subsequently, endothelial cells showed cytoplasmic hypertrophy, formed microvillous projections and then extended filopodial migratory appendages. These cellular changes were quite similar to those in vivo. However, the continuity of the endothelial layer was specifically disrupted in AV explant cultures. Such disruption was never observed in ventricle explant cultures in which endothelial-mesenchymal cell transition did not occur. The disintegration of AV endothelial outgrowth must be closely related to its capability to transform into mesenchymal cells and mitotic activity to keep a depository of endothelial cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Platelet-activating factor and edema surrounding meningiomas.

OBJECT: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the involvement of platelet-activating factor (PAF) in the formation of edema surrounding meningiomas. METHODS: Volumes of tumor and peritumoral edema were calculated based on three-dimensional reconstructed magnetic resonance images in 31 patients with intracranial meningiomas. The authors measured tumor concentrations of PAF and localized PAF and leukocytes in the tumors by using immunohistochemical studies. A significant positive correlation was found between peritumoral edema and PAF concentration. Both PAF and leukocyte common antigen were localized to the interstitial tissue of the tumor. Edema production was related to the degree of leukocyte infiltration in meningiomas. CONCLUSIONS: It appears that PAF, which may arise from infiltrating leukocytes, is important to the development of peritumoral edema in patients with meningioma.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Direct packing of the isolated sinus in patients with dural arteriovenous fistulas of the transverse-sigmoid sinus.

OBJECT: The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of direct packing of the isolated sinus (occluded both distally and proximally) in patients with dural arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) of the transverse-sigmoid sinus. METHODS: Eight patients were included in this study. There were seven men and one woman, ranging in age from 47 to 75 years (mean 60.4 years). Five patients presented with intracranial hemorrhage or venous infarction, one with convulsions, and two with pulsatile tinnitus. Prominent retrograde cortical venous drainage due to sinus isolation was angiographically demonstrated in all patients. All patients were treated by a small craniotomy and direct sinus packing with microcoils; the procedure was performed with the aid of digital subtraction angiography. Five patients were pretreated with transarterial embolization to reduce arterial inflow before the procedure, and intrasinus pressure and sinus blood gases were monitored throughout the operation. Postsurgery, the dural AVF was completely obliterated in all patients. The sinus pressure was 29 to 58% of systemic blood pressure, and sinus blood gas levels were purely arterial before packing. There was no morbidity related to direct sinus packing; however, one patient died as a result of acute myocardial infarction. Over a follow-up period ranging from 1 to 5 years, a faint asymptomatic dural AVF recurred in one patient on the cortex adjacent to the occluded sinus but regressed spontaneously within 1 year. CONCLUSIONS: Direct sinus packing was found to be highly effective for the treatment of dural AVFs that empty into the isolated sinus. Measurement of changes in sinus pressure and sinus blood gas levels was useful for monitoring the progress of direct sinus packing.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[A case of Marshall syndrome with secondary glaucoma due to spontaneous rupture of the lens capsule].

An eight-year-old boy developed acute glaucoma in his left eye. He was diagnosed as having Marshall syndrome because of bilateral cataract, high myopia, saddle nose, hypertelorism, and lack of arthropathy. When seen immediately after the glaucomatous attack, the affected eye showed ruptured anterior and posterior lens capsules and displacement of the lens nucleus into the anterior chamber and vitreous cavity. Lens extraction and vitrectomy induced normalization of intraocular pressure and visual acuity. There are forty cases reported in the world literature and only one cases in Japan. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case treated successfully by vitreous surgery.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

[Detection of telomerase activity in intestinal lavage solution from colorectal carcinoma patients].

In terms of colorectal carcinoma, the fecal occult blood test is widely used for mass survey, but has many complicated problems to be overcome. Telomerase activity has been reported in a wide range of malignancies. We have examined telomerase activity of intestinal lavage solution collected from 16 colorectal carcinoma patients and from 10 volunteers (control) by the method of telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay. Patients drunk polyethylene glycol-electrolyte lavage solution (PEG-ELS) before examination. Sample solutions were collected by colonoscope at the beginning of colonoscopy. The telomerase activity from colorectal carcinoma patients were positive 9/16 (56.3%) including 2 cases of early stage. In volunteers, were positive 1/10 (10.0%). This method has, therefore, possibility for a new useful method of diagnosis for colorectal carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in a case of obstructive hydrocephalus with neurofibromatosis (NF-1)].

Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in a case of obstructive hydrocephalus with neurofibromatosis (NF-1) was reported. The patient was a 25-year-old male, who suffered from progressive headache and somnolence. He underwent a ventriculoperitoneal shunt at the age of 11 years. After that, 8 times of shunt revision and unilateral subtemporal decompression were performed during 14 years until this admission. The programmable valve system was used at the last procedure. On admission, computed tomography (CT) scan showed marked enlarged lateral and third ventricles. The patient was diagnosed as hydrocephalus resulting from shunt malfunction. An endoscopic third ventriculostomy was performed and his symptoms improved immediately. The size of the lateral and third ventricles was revealed normal on the CT 18 months after the third ventriculostomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Nuclear matrix protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and nitrite/nitrate levels in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.

Nuclear matrix protein (NMP), an indicator of apoptosis, was analyzed in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Blood levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and nitrite/nitrate (NOx) were also measured in these patients to determine the involvement of these factors in the production of NMP. Forty-six patients with MODS were studied, 21 (45.7%) of whom died. NMP and TNF-alpha were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). NOx was measured by the Griess's method. Marshall's multiple organ dysfunction score (MOD score) was used as an indicator of organ failure. The severity of organ failure was assessed by use of the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score (APACHE II score). The number of organs that failed was found to be significantly correlated with the NMP level. The NMP level was also correlated significantly with MOD score and APACHE II score, as well as with TNF-alpha and NOx levels. NMP and NOx levels in the group that died significantly exceeded those in the surviving group. Results suggest that apoptosis can occur in the presence of MODS, and that its extent increases as the number of failing organs increases. The results also suggest that TNF-alpha and NO are involved in the induction of apoptosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Analysis of inspiratory flow-volume curve].

Inhaled antiasthmatic agents can be effective, but their efficacy depends on the delivery system and on inhalation technique, especially in metered-dose inhalers (MDI). To find out whether inhalation therapy for asthmatics had been performed correctly, we studied inspiratory flow in the slow matter in healthy subjects and bronchial asthma patients. About half of 30 patients studied inspired more than 1 L/sec inspiratory flow rate, especially in male. Inspiratory flow in the fast matter (peak inspiratory flow; PIF) is important in the use of dry powder inhaler, so we studied the correlationship between PIF and expiratory flow and volume parameters. PIF correlated with PEFR, FEV1 and FEV1% in female, FVC and %FVC in male, respectively. In summary, we must recognize slow inspiratory flow can not be gotten easily, and asthmatic patients always have to use MDI carefully in inspiratory flow. Some expiratory parameters of spirometry can accurately predict PIF. The analysis of inspiratory flow-volume curve gives us beneficial data in inhalation therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[A case of Japanese B encephalitis with lesions of thalamus and substantia nigra revealed by MRI].

We report a 6-year-old girl with Japanese B encephalitis. The initial symptoms were high fever, headache and vomiting. On the second day of illness, she developed hemiconvulsion and was admitted to our hospital. Physical examination demonstrated a stiff neck. C-reactive protein elevated to 22.7 mg/dl. CSF examination showed a marked increase in the cell count (10,896/3 mm3). During the course of the treatment, she showed transient hemiparesis and dysphagia, followed by akinetic mutism lasting for about a month. The patient was left with severe cognitive and memory impairment and complex partial seizures but no motor dysfunction. Japanese B encephalitis was diagnosed by means of serological examination. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed cystic lesions in the medial and posterior thalamus and substantia nigra and severe atrophy of the hippocampus. Despite the involvement of substantia nigra, the patient had no parkinsonism. The cognitive impairment may in part be explained by the lesions in the medical and posterior thalamus.

Child↗
PubMed1998

Surgical transvenous embolization of a cortically draining carotid cavernous fistula via a vein of the sylvian fissure.

Percutaneous transvenous embolization is one of the most effective treatments of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) involving the dural sinuses. We present a unique case of surgical transvenous embolization in a 48-year-old man with a dural AVF of the cavernous sinus who presented with intracerebral hematoma. The dural AVF drained only into the vein of the sylvian fissure on angiography. Transvenous embolization via the vein of the sylvian fissure during craniotomy obliterated the AVF completely.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMed1998

Mesenteric venous thrombosis: a case report.

We describe herein a 41-year-old man who complained of abdominal pain. He underwent surgery, and the diagnosis of mesenteric venous thrombosis was made. The small intestine, mainly the jejunum, presented necrosis on laparotomy, and a 155-cm long segment of it was successfully resected. Anticoagulant therapy was initiated postoperatively, and he is well at present.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Cerebellar infarction due to vertebral artery dissection in a girl].

We report here a case of vertebral artery dissection, which is rare in childhood. A 12-year-old, previous healthy girl was admitted to our hospital with symptoms of vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss, nausea and vomiting. Although there was neither higher cortical dysfunction, motor weakness, sensory disturbance nor slurred speech. She could not stand up because of severe vertigo. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a subacute cerebellar infarct. A left vertebral artery angiogram on the hospital day 3 demonstrated a sharp narrowing at the C1-C2 level. After an anticoagulant therapy for about 2 weeks, all the symptoms disappeared except for mild tinnitus. Two months later, a left vertebral artery angiogram showed an abrupt occlusion at the C1 level. MRI T1-weighted images demonstrated a thrombus within the false lumen of the dissected vessels. A flow void revealed the patency of the residual true lumen. From these findings, we made a diagnosis of vertebral artery dissection, which was considered to have caused cerebellar infarction. The patient was mostly normal at discharge, and 100 mg/day of aspirin has been given until present.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1997

Three-dimensional localization of dipoles for potentials evoked by posterior tibial nerve stimulation in the monkey.

Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) elicited by right posterior tibial nerve stimulation were simultaneously recorded from 21-27 epidural electrodes in three monkeys. N23-P40 was recorded anterior to the left central sulcus, and P23-N40 was recorded on the parietal midline and the middle portion of the right hemisphere. These potentials were thought to be the primary cortical responses elicited by posterior tibial nerve stimulation in the monkey, since a topographical map made of them corresponded to the paradoxical lateralization of the primary cortical components in human posterior tibial nerve SEPs. Current source generators (dipoles) of these potentials were 3-dimensionally identified dipoles located in the left side of the mesial wall of the anterior parietal cortex, and oriented obliquely toward the right hemisphere by a dipole tracing (DT) method in which the 3-dimensional localization of dipoles in the brain were estimated and superimposed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Conversion of protein phosphatase 1 catalytic subunit to a Mn(2+)-dependent enzyme impairs its regulation by inhibitor 1.

The phosphorylase phosphatase activity of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) catalytic subunit from freshly purified rabbit skeletal muscle was inhibited by MnCl2. Prolonged storage or inhibition by nonspecific phosphatase inhibitors ATP, sodium pyrophosphate, and NaF converted the muscle PP1 to a form that required Mn2+ for enzyme activity. Recombinant PP1 catalytic subunit expressed in Escherichia coli was also a Mn2+-dependent enzyme. While native PP1 was inhibited by the phosphoprotein inhibitor I (I-1), with an IC50 of 1 nM, 40-50-fold higher concentrations of I-1 were required to inhibit the Mn2+-dependent PP1 enzymes. Conversion to the Mn2+-dependent state was accompanied by a 20-fold increase in PP1's ability to dephosphorylate and inactivate I-1. Inhibition by thiophosphorylated I-1 established that dephosphorylation does not play a significant role in I-1's reduced potency as an inhibitor of Mn2+-dependent PP1. The Mn2+-dependent PP1 enzymes were poorly inhibited by N-terminal phosphopeptides of I-1, indicating their impaired interaction with the I-1 functional domain. Mutation of a residue conserved in I-1 and DARPP-32, a structurally related PP1 inhibitor, preferentially attenuated I-1's activity as an inhibitor of Mn2+-dependent PP1. These data showed that, in addition to changes in its catalytic properties, Mn2+-dependent PP1 was modified in its interaction with I-1 at a site that was distinct from its catalytic domain. Our studies suggest that conversion to a Mn2+-dependent state alters multiple structural elements in PP1 catalytic subunit that together define its regulation by I-1.

Amino Acid Sequence↗