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Biomedical subjects

S Eksborg

Publications and source records attributed to S Eksborg.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Pharmacokinetics of epirubicin in man. Non-influence of alpha interferon.

The influence of alpha interferon on the plasma pharmacokinetics of epirubicin has been studied in five patients with bronchial cancer. The pharmacokinetic studies of epirubicin (100 mg m-2) were performed prior to and immediately after a 3 wk period with daily natural alpha interferon treatment (6 x 10(6) IU i.m.). None of the patients had been treated with antracyclines or interferon prior to entering the present study. The plasma pharmacokinetics of epirubicin were most adequately described by a three compartment open model both prior to and after the interferon treatment. The interferon treatment had no influence on the pharmacokinetics of epirubicin (AUC, Cmax, terminal half life).

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Absorption of Adriamycin into the systemic circulation after intravesical instillation with or without Tween 80 in the rat.

The absorption of Adriamycin (ADM) into the systemic circulation after intravesical administration, using an experimental model in the rat, was closely related to the volume of the instilled solution and the concentration of the drug. The post instillation plasma concentration of ADM was increased after addition of Tween 80 to the instilled solution but the magnitude of the absorption was still discreet and, from a clinical point of view, negligible.

Absorption↗
PubMed1986

Comparative pharmacokinetic study of adriamycin and 4'epi-adriamycin after their simultaneous intravenous administration.

The plasma pharmacokinetics of adriamycin and 4'epi-adriamycin have been studied in 6 patients with ovarian carcinoma after simultaneous intravenous administration of equal amounts of the two anthracyclines. A highly selective liquid chromatographic analytical method permitted quantification of plasma concentrations of the two drugs as well as their corresponding 13-hydroxy metabolites. The plasma concentrations of each drug followed a three-compartment open model, with great interindividual variation in the pharmacokinetic parameters. On average, the area under the plasma concentration time curve (AUC) and the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) were 1.6- and 1.2-times larger for adriamycin than for 4'epi-adriamycin. 4'Epi-adriamycin was eliminated faster than adriamycin by 4 of the 6 patients, the average terminal half-life of the latter being 1.4-times longer. The plasma concentrations of the 13-hydroxy metabolites did not exceed 20 ng/ml. Their AUC values averaged 23% of those of the intact drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A pharmacokinetic study of adriamycin and 4'epi-adriamycin after simultaneous intra-arterial liver administration.

The plasma pharmacokinetics of adriamycin and 4'epi-adriamycin were studied in patients with malignant tumors of the liver after simultaneous regional administration of equal amounts of the two anthracyclines by the arterial route. The use of a highly selective liquid chromatographic analytical method permitted quantification of plasma concentrations of the two drugs as well as their corresponding 13-hydroxy metabolites. The plasma concentrations of each drug followed a three-compartment open model. On average the area under the plasma concentration time curve (AUC) and the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) were 2.1 and 1.7 times larger for adriamycin than for 4'epi-adriamycin, respectively. 4'Epi-adriamycin was eliminated faster than adriamycin, the terminal half-life time being on the average 1.5 times higher for adriamycin. These findings are in agreement with what has previously been observed after intravenous administration. The plasma concentrations of the 13-hydroxy metabolites did not exceed 30 ng ml-1. The AUC values of these metabolites were on average 20% of the AUC values of the intact drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Drug level monitoring: cytostatics.

The present review on the quantification of cytostatic drugs has mainly been focussed on chromatographic techniques. Special attention has been paid to the precautions that have to be taken into account to ensure the selectivity and accuracy of the various methods. The various cytostatics that have been dealt with are: alkylating agents, antimetabolites, vinca alkaloids, antibiotics, cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, podophyllotoxine derivatives, and nitrosoureas.

Alkylating Agents↗
PubMed1985

Pharmacokinetic study of i.v. infusions of adriamycin.

The plasma pharmacokinetics of adriamycin has been studied in 21 cancer patients (31-85 years old) without liver tumours after short (3.00 min) and prolonged (45 min-16 h) i.v. infusions. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve and the maximum plasma concentration compensated for dose variation showed a more than 3-fold individual variation. The pharmacokinetics of adriamycin was linear. There was no pharmacokinetic rational for variation of the dose with the age of the patients. There was good agreement between the measured plasma concentration-time curves for prolonged infusions and curves predicted from pharmacokinetic data from short term infusions.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Intrahepatic and intravenous administration of adriamycin--a comparative pharmacokinetic study in patients with malignant liver tumours.

The pharmacokinetics of adriamycin in patients with malignant tumours of the liver were studied after peripheral intravenous treatment and after regional administration of the drug either by the arterial route or by the portal vein, with or without hepatic artery ligation. The plasma concentration of adriamycin after intravenous as well as after intrahepatic administration followed a three-compartment open model. The results in the present study confirm previous reports of a large inter-individual variation of the pharmacokinetics of adriamycin. After intravenous administration the individual variations in AUC/mg/m2 and Cp,max/mg/m2 (dose normalized area under plasma concentration time curve and dose normalized maximum plasma concentration, respectively) were more than 5-fold. The area under the plasma concentration time curve (AUC) was on the average 1.5 times higher after the peripheral intravenous administration than after intrahepatic administration. The reduction of maximum plasma concentration (Cp,max) of adriamycin after intrahepatic administration was even more pronounced than the reduction in AUC (mean value Cp,max iv/Cp,max ihep = 1.7). The plasma concentration of adriamycinol did not exceed 20 ng/ml. The AUC values of adriamycinol were 20% (median value) of the AUC values of adriamycin, indicating the importance of adriamycinol in the adriamycin therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Intravesical instillation of adriamycin: influence on bladder capacity.

The bladder capacities of 75 patients with superficial bladder tumors were measured prior to and during monthly intravesical instillation therapy with adriamycin. When taken off therapy, a decrease in bladder capacity of more than 20% was observed in 18 of the patients. In 14 of the treated patients an increase in bladder capacity of more than 20% was observed. In patients with reduced bladder capacity when taken off therapy, there were no correlations between the degree of decreased bladder capacity and the number of instillations or the total instilled amount of adriamycin, indicating that the observed decrease in bladder capacity was caused by the underlying disease and not by the treatment per se.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Plasma pharmacokinetics of adriamycin after intrapleural administration.

The plasma pharmacokinetics of adriamycin after intrapleural administration have been studied. The maximum plasma concentration found after intrapleural instillation of 50 mg was 100 ng ml-1, the adriamycin half-life being about 2.5 h. Large amounts of the drug are adsorbed from the pleura. Hence risks for cardiomyopathy, previously associated with the repeated intravenous administration of adriamycin, must also be considered after intrapleural administration.

Doxorubicin↗
PubMed1984

Liquid chromatography in anticancer drug research with special reference to anthraquinone glycosides.

The need for individualized cytostatic therapy is most apparent in cancer patients with disturbance of the liver or renal function and also in patients undergoing combination drug therapy. Bioanalytical studies can provide a rationale for increasing the therapeutic index by optimization of the dose schedule and by site-specific anticancer drug therapy. Analytical methods based on liquid chromatography are discussed for the anthraquinone glycosides, where the high selectivity of reversed-phase liquid chromatography systems permits ready separation from their 14-hydroxy metabolites. The high sensitivity of photometric and fluorimetric detectors permits quantification in the low ng/ml range. The stabilization of alkylating agents such as melphalan in biological samples by reaction with acetylcysteine is discussed. The melphalan-acetylcysteine derivative, after isolation from the biological matrix by reversed-phase liquid chromatography, can be detected fluorimetrically with high sensitivity and selectivity.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1984

Intravesical instillation of Adriamycin early after transurethral resection: measurements of plasma levels.

10 patients with frequently recurrent or wide-spread papillary tumors of the urinary bladder were treated by intravesical instillation of adriamycin (50-110 mg) within 3 h of transurethral resection of the tumors. The highest plasma concentration observed (73 ng/ml) was associated with the most extensive resection. In none of the other patients did the maximum plasma concentration exceed 30 ng/ml. Mostly, the intravesical instillation of adriamycin was given in immediate connection with the transurethral resection. Hence, the remaining effects from the epidural anesthesia eliminated all patients' discomfort related to the instillation therapy. In none of the patients was the combined therapy discontinued due to side effects.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Determination of noscapine in plasma by liquid chromatography.

A liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the determination of noscapine in plasma. Noscapine and the internal standard, papaverine, were extracted into methylene chloride by column extraction. The separation was performed on a straight-phase liquid chromatographic system using a mobile phase of hexane--methanol--chloroform--diethylamine. A high detection selectivity was obtained by UV detection at 310 nm. The precision of the method was 3.8% (standard deviation) at a level of 89 ng/ml and 9.5% (standard deviation) at 5.9 ng/ml. The selectivity of the analytical method was evaluated by comparing analytical results after isolation of extracts of plasma samples on reversed- and straight-phase liquid chromatographic systems.

Biotransformation↗
PubMed1983

Liquid chromatographic determination of mitomycin C in human plasma and urine.

A method is given for the determination of the antineoplastic drug mitomycin C in plasma and urine samples. Mitomycin is isolated from the biological matrix with the aid of a Sep-Pak C18 extraction column and eluted with methanol. The methanol is evaporated and the residue is redissolved in the chromatographic mobile phase (methanolic phosphate buffer). Mitomycin C is separated from coextracted compounds by reversed-phase liquid chromatography on a LiChrosorb RP-8 column. A high detection sensitivity and selectivity was obtained by photometric measurements at 365 nm. The precision of the determinations was better than 6% relative standard deviation for plasma samples within the range 2-1000 ng/ml, and for urine samples within the range 0.5-4.4 micrograms/ml. The pH-dependent stability of mitomycin in buffer solutions has been studied.

Buffers↗