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Biomedical subjects

S Ein

Publications and source records attributed to S Ein.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Childhood diaphragmatic hernias presenting after the neonatal period.

Twenty-six patients with Bochdalek hernias and 15 with Morgagni hernias were evaluated in a survey of children presenting over the age of 8 weeks during a 20 year period. Ten of the children had previously normal chest radiographs. Radiological assessment at presentation was incorrect with 15 Bochdalek and two Morgagni hernias. These errors were more common in interpretations by general radiologists. Inappropriate thoracocentesis had been performed in four cases misdiagnosed as pneumothoraces. Barium studies, fluoroscopy, erect views and plain radiographs after nasogastric intubation were helpful investigations. Post-operative evidence of lobar collapse and pulmonary hypoplasia was frequently not appreciated at the time of clinical and radiological follow-up. Other congenital anomalies were commonly seen, particularly with Morgagni hernias. Bowel malfixation and malrotation, an important association, was frequently present but was occasionally overlooked at operation, necessitating further surgery for bowel obstruction.

Child↗
PubMed1988

A new intratracheal stent for tracheobronchial reconstruction: experimental and clinical studies.

An intraluminal tracheal stent (ITS) was used experimentally in rabbits and piglets, as well as clinically in infants with tracheal stenosis, to facilitate airway reconstruction. The ITSs were constructed of stainless-steel springs covered with silicone rubber. They were implanted in seven piglets (6 to 8 kg), five rabbits (3 to 5 kg) and three infants. No animals developed severe respiratory distress and all appeared to tolerate the ITS. Postmortem examinations 1 to 8 weeks after surgery showed (1) loss of stent fixation (one pig), (2) increased tracheal secretions, (3) pneumonia (one pig, two rabbits), and (4) focal squamous metaplasia of tracheal mucosa. Stents used to treat three infants (2 to 5 months of age) with complex tracheobronchial stenosis were placed at the time of periosteal tracheoplasty in two. Recurrent stenosis necessitated a second tracheoplasty and stenting in one, and a long tracheostomy tube and balloon dilatations in the other. The third child had endoscopic stent insertion to alleviate severe airway collapse after esophageal tracheoplasty. The child died from progressive respiratory failure after stent dislodgment. Although the stents were well tolerated in animals and they enhanced critical ventilation of all pulmonary lobes in infants after tracheal reconstruction, certain modifications such as alternative methods of fixation, accommodation for tracheal growth, and reduction in tissue reactivity are necessary before further use of the ITS can be advocated.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Hepatic hemangioma in childhood: medical management or surgical management?

Between 1955 and 1980 there were 14 patients treated at The Hospital for Sick Children with hemangiomas of the liver. Eight were seen at birth and 13 within the first 6 wk of life. The presenting clinical feature was that of massive hepatomegaly. Two children who had presented in the neonatal period were found to have had cardiac failure. Six patients were anemic and required blood transfusions. Before 1976 all patients who did not have cutaneous hemangiomas underwent laparotomy. Since 1976 only one laparotomy was done, the remaining 5 patients all having been treated symptomatically without operation. All the tumors involuted in the first year of life. Follow-up ranged from 1 to 20 yr and all are living and without symptoms. We recommend no active treatment if complications are absent. Steroids and radiotherapy are not used. If anemia and/or cardiac failure supervene, appropriate nonoperative management is necessary. Surgical treatment is indicated only if medical management fails or for rupture of the lesion.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Entrapment of bowel within a spinal fracture.

Entrapment of bowel by fracture fragments is extremely rare. A case of entrapment of a loop of jejunum between two vertebral bodies in the lumbar spine is reported. The mechanism appeared to be a hyperextension force with a rotatory component.

Child, Preschool↗