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Biomedical subjects

S Eguchi

Publications and source records attributed to S Eguchi.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[A five-year survivor of small cell lung carcinoma stage IIIB treated with surgical resection and an adjuvant chemoradiotherapy--a case report].

A 56-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with the complaint of cough. She had a rt. supraclavicular lymph node swelling, and her chest X-ray showed masses at the rt. hilum and the mediastinum. On bronchofiberscopy, a tumor was detected at the orifice of the lt. B3b, and the biopsy revealed small cell lung cancer (SCLC). With the peroperative diagnosis of stage IIIB SCLC, a neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgical resection was performed. Because of the presence of malignant cells in the pericardial effusion, the operation turned out to be an absolutely non-curative one. As the recurrence of mediastinal lymph node swelling occurred after the surgery, an intensive chemoradiotherapy was performed successfully. Then the patient has been free from disease for five years. This case indicates the possibility that some of SCLC patients can be long-term survivors by the treatment of an appropriate adjuvant therapy combined with radical resection, even if the clinical stage is advanced. Therefore an extended operative indication for SCLC should be considered.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1993

An application of laser speckle phenomenon for noninvasive two-dimensional evaluation of microcirculation in ocular fundus--a preliminary report.

A new instrument has been developed which uses the laser speckle phenomenon for noninvasive two-dimensional analysis of the microcirculation in the optic nerve head (ONH). The ONH is illuminated by a diode laser spot and its image speckle is detected by an area sensor. The difference between a pair of output data from successive scannings of the image speckles at the sensor plane is calculated and integrated for each pixel to obtain the average difference (AD) value, which is a quantitative index of blood flow velocity. The results are displayed in color graphics showing the two-dimensional variation of the AD value in the area of interest. In an in vitro model, the AD value correlated well with the speed of rotation of a ground glass in a range between 0 and 5 mm/second. Using this instrument, the effect of intraocular pressure (IOP) on the circulation was studied in the area of the rabbit ONH free of surface vessels. The coefficient of reproducibility was 4.7% when measured twice in this area at 5-minute intervals. A stepwise reduction in the ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) was introduced by elevating the IOP manometrically. The AD value was little affected by a change in OPP when the OPP was above 40 mmHg; while when the OPP was below 40 mmHg, a linear correlation was found between the AD value and the OPP. This finding agreed well with those of previous studies where the effect of the OPP on the ONH blood flow were studied using various invasive methods.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[New membrane filter (PORETEC) method for ocular diagnostic cytopathology].

We describe a new membrane filter (PORETEC) technique for processing cytopathologic fluid specimens. This procedure provides excellent cytologic preparations because there is no background staining and only a small amount of fluid specimen is necessary, as there is little cell loss. We compared the number of cells collected by the membrane filter technique with that collected by cytocentrifugation using conjunctival brush cytology specimens from 6 subjects. The number of cells obtained by the new method was significantly higher than that obtained by the cytocentrifugation technique. This method was very useful for ocular fluid specimens such as aqueous humor, vitreous specimens, and scrapings from the cornea and conjunctiva. We showed some examples of these specimens including immunocytochemical staining done by this method. We confirm that this is valuable for diagnostic cytopathologic study of various fluid specimens in ophthalmology.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[An apparatus using laser speckle phenomenon for noninvasive 2-dimensional analysis of microcirculation in the optic nerve head].

A new instrument using the laser speckle phenomenon for noninvasive 2-dimensional analysis of the microcirculation in the optic nerve head (ONH) was developed. The ONH was illuminated with a diode laser spot and its image speckle was detected by an area array sensor. The difference between a pair of output data for successive scannings of the image speckles at the sensor plane was calculated and integrated for each pixel to obtain the average difference (AD), which is a quantitative index of blood speed. The results were displayed in color graphics showing the 2-dimensional variation of the AD level in the area of interest. The AD had good correlation with the speed of ground glass in a range between 0 and 8 mm/sec. Using this instrument, the effect of intraocular pressure (IOP) on the circulation in the area of the rabbit ONH free from surface vessels was studied. The coefficient of reproducibility was 4.7% when measured in this area twice at 5-minute intervals. A stepwise reduction in the ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) was introduced by elevating the IOP manometrically. The AD was little affected by OPP change when OPP was above 40 mmHg, but with the OPP below 40 mmHg, a linear correlation was found between the AD and OPP.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[An apparatus using laser speckle phenomenon for noninvasive 2-dimensional analysis of choroidal microcirculation].

A new instrument using the laser speckle phenomenon for noninvasive 2-dimensional analysis of the choroidal microcirculation was developed. The fundus was illuminated with a diode laser spot and its image speckle was detected with an area sensor. The difference between the average of the output data (I-mean) and the output data from successive scannings of the image speckles at the sensor plane was calculated and integrated to give as D-mean, and I-mean/D-mean was defined as normalized blur (NB), which is a quantitative index of blood flow velocity. The results were displayed in color graphics showing the 2-dimensional variation of the NB level in the area of interest. The NB had good correlation with the speed measured on ground glass in the range between 2 and 130mm/sec. Using this instrument, the effect of intraocular pressure on the chroidal circulation of the rabbit was studied. The coefficient of reproducibility was 6.9% when measured in the same area twice at 5-minute intervals. A stepwise reduction in the ocular perfusion pressure was introduced by elevating the intraocular pressure manometrically. A linear correlation was found between the NB and the ocular perfusion pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[A successful insertion of the prosthetic valve in supraannular position concomitant with pericardial enlargement of the aortic root in a child: a case report].

A 4-year-old boy admitted to our hospital due to congestive heart failure one year after the intracardiac repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Echocardiography and cineangiography revealed severe aortic regurgitation. The aortic valve replacement was performed with a prosthesis larger than the aortic annulus. Operative findings showed that the cause of aortic regurgitation was infective endocarditis. The aortic root was enlarged with pericardial patch and a 21 mm St. Jude Medical valve prosthesis was inserted in supraannular position. This technique was very useful for insertion of a prosthetic valve one or two sizes larger than the aortic annulus without risk of distorting the mitral valve or left ventricular function.

Aortic Valve↗
PubMed1993

[Results of surgery for pT4 lung cancer].

During 1977 and 1991, 54 patients with lung cancer underwent surgery at Niigata University Hospital and were diagnosed with pathological T4. The survival rate of these pT4 patients was 32.5% at 3 years and 24.4% at 5 years. There was no significant difference between the survival rates of those with squamous cell carcinoma and those with adenocarcinoma. 5-year survival rate of 20 patients with N0 disease and 23 patients with N2 disease was 43.0% and 13.0%, respectively (p < 0.05). 5-year survival rate of 21 patients with organ invasion alone, 21 with dissemination or malignant effusion alone, and 12 with organ invasion plus dissemination or malignant effusion was 22.5%, 28.6% and 0%, respectively; there was no significant differences between these rates. Seven patients survived over 5 years; however, there were no obvious common factors. An aggressive surgical approach is indicated for T4 lung cancer, not only in patients with N0 disease but also in those with organ invasion alone or small amounts of malignant effusion alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Nutritional improvement after operation of valvular heart diseases with protein-calorie malnutrition].

We evaluated the nutritional states before and after operation in patients with severe valvular heart disease characterized by malnutrition. The patient population consisted of 6 females, age range between 42 and 60, average 52.2 years old. The valve lesions were mitral stenosis in 2, combined aortic and mitral valve diseases in additional 4 patients, and moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation was noted in 5 of these 6 patients. All 6 patients underwent a successful mitral (c/s aortic) valve replacement, and 5 of 6 tricuspid annuloplasty. The ideal body weight increased significantly from 77.9 +/- 3.4% preoperatively to 84.6 +/- 3.9% postoperatively (p < 0.01). Late postoperative cardiac catheterization revealed an improvement of mixed oxygen saturation (61.3 +/- 3.8%, preoperatively vs 67.3 +/- 5.6%, postoperatively; p < 0.01). The postoperative serum prealbumin, retinol binding protein and K value in intravenous glucose tolerance test increased significantly (p < 0.05) compared to those before operation. In conclusion, our data suggested that corrective surgery would have a good effect on nutritional improvement of the protein-calorie malnutrition caused by valvular heart diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Movement of fluorescein and its glucuronide across retinal pigment epithelium-choroid.

PURPOSE: To characterize movement of fluorescein and its glucuronide across the blood-retinal barrier. METHODS: Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-choroid preparations from New Zealand albino rabbit were sealed in an Ussing-type chamber in a stabilized condition for 3 hr, where movement of fluorescein and fluorescein glucuronide across the RPE-choroid was studied under a short circuit condition. RESULTS: The outward (vitreous-choroid) permeability to fluorescein determined at a concentration of 15 mumol/l was about 4 times greater than the inward (choroid-vitreous) permeability (P < 0.01). The outward permeability was significantly decreased by 50-65% by metabolic or competitive inhibitors (1 mumol/l ouabain, 10 mumol/l 2,4-dinitrophenol, 100 mumol/l probenecid, 30 mmol/l hippurate, or 5 mmol/l iodipamide), whereas the inward permeability was not affected by any of the above competitive inhibitors. As the fluorescein concentration was increased from 15 to 150 mumol/l, the net fluorescein movement across the tissue indicated saturation, and a Lineweaver-Burk plot gave an apparent Km of 26 mumol/l and Vmax of 1.56 nmol/hr/cm2. The outward permeability to fluorescein glucuronide determined at 15 mumol/l was about double the inward permeability (P < 0.01) and about 1/3 of the outward permeability to fluorescein (P < 0.01). The outward permeability to fluorescein glucuronide was significantly decreased by about 50% by 1 mumol/l ouabain, 10 mumol/l 2,4-dinitrophenol, or 100 mumol/l probenecid, whereas the inward permeability was not affected by 100 mumol/l probenecid. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the majority of the outward fluorescein movement across the tissue and part of that of fluorescein glucuronide depends on an active transport mechanism, whereas the inward movement of both fluorescein and fluorescein glucuronide occurs by a passive mechanism.

2,4-Dinitrophenol↗
PubMed1993

[Excellent late results of total circulatory annuloplasty with absorbable suture for the repair of mitral regurgitation of atrioventricular septal defects in children].

We treated 15 children with atrioventricular septal defects (6 complete type and 9 incomplete type) using total circulatory annuloplasty for mitral regurgitation. In 14 patients, total circulatory annuloplasty was performed with absorbable suture and in one patient with polypropylene suture. Operative death was one patient associated with tetralogy of Fallot and another 14 patients survived. Preoperative mitral regurgitation was grade 1 in one patient, grade 2 in 6 patients and grade 3 in 7 patients. After operation mitral regurgitation reduced to grade 1 in 13 patients and grade 2 in one patient. In the late results, only one patient underwent reoperation for exacerbation of mitral regurgitation. The present data suggested that total circulatory annuloplasty with absorbable suture was very useful technique for the repair of mitral regurgitation of atrioventricular septal defects in children.

Child↗
PubMed1993

[Flow characteristics and responses to vasoactive drugs in canine gastroepiploic artery].

We studied flow characteristics and response to norepinephrine, Chlorpromazine and gastrin in 22 canine gastroepiploic artery (GEA) recirculation model. The GEA flow was obtained by a drip for a minute, opening the end of pedicle GEA. Furthermore, aortic flow and celiac arterial flow were measured by magnetic flow probe. The administration of chlorpromazine, vagostigumine, and gastrin induced a increase in both celiac arterial flow and pedicle GEA graft flow. Especially, the administration of gastrin induced significant increase in GEA flow and celiac arterial flow. Furthermore, adding norepinephrine step-wisely, the GEA flow increased remarkably, in spite of decrease of celiac arterial flow. This response was caused from difference in vascular resistance among celiac arterial branches. Therefore, the pedicle GEA graft has homogenous response as same as intact GEA that perfuses stomach, because its flow was affected by adrenergic and parasympathetic agent, alpha-blocker and gastric hormone.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[A concomitant operation of aorto-coronary bypass graft and lung cancer: report of a case].

A case of a 66-year-old man with ischemic heart disease and lung cancer is reported. Chest roentgenogram revealed an irregular 2.8 x 2.0 cm mass in the right upper lobe. Coronary angiography showed 75-90% stenosis of the left anterior descending artery, and these lesions was suspected to cause perioperative myocardial infarction. A concomitant operation of aorto-coronary bypass graft and right upper lobectomy was performed through median sternotomy. A concomitant operation must be considered to be definitive and ideally preferable in selected cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Cellular mechanism of thrombin on endothelin-1 biosynthesis and release in bovine endothelial cell.

We have studied the cellular mechanism responsible for induction of preproendothelin (preproET)-1 mRNA and release of ET-1 by thrombin in cultured bovine endothelial cells (ECs). Thrombin induced an immediate and dose-dependent formation of inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) with a concomitant increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). The thrombin-induced ET-1 release was abolished either by a phospholipase C inhibitor, a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, or an intracellular Ca(2+)-chelator, whereas a Ca(2+)-channel antagonist was ineffective. A selective thrombin inhibitor (argatroban) decreased IP3 formation and the increase in [Ca2+]i and ET-1 release stimulated by thrombin. Northern blot analysis revealed that thrombin-induced expression of preproET-1 mRNA was inhibited completely by a PKC inhibitor and partially by argatroban. These data suggest that thrombin is involved in the mechanism of preproET-1 mRNA expression and subsequent ET-1 release, possibly through activation PKC and mobilization of intracellular Ca2+ resulting from the receptor-mediated phosphoinositide breakdown in ECs.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

A novel ETA antagonist (BQ-123) inhibits endothelin-1-induced phosphoinositide breakdown and DNA synthesis in rat vascular smooth muscle cells.

The effects of a novel cyclic pentapeptide (BQ-123), an endothelin (ET) antagonist selective for the ETA receptor subtype, on phosphoinositide breakdown and DNA synthesis stimulated by ET-1 were studied in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). BQ-123 competitively inhibited the binding of [125I]ET-1 to VSMC with the apparent Ki of 4 x 10(-9) M. BQ-123 dose-dependently inhibited formation of inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate and [3H]thymidine uptake stimulated by ET-1. These data suggest that the ET-1-induced DNA synthesis in VSMC is mainly mediated by ETA receptor subtype.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Endothelin receptors in human parathyroid gland.

We studied whether specific receptors for endothelins (ETs) exist in human parathyroid tissues and whether ETs may have any effect on secretion of PTH from parathyroid cells. Binding studies using [125I]ET-1 to the parathyroid membranes obtained from patients with hyperparathyroidism (2 adenomas, 2 hyperplasias) revealed that ET-1 competitively inhibited the binding of [125I]ET-1 to the membranes (the apparent Kd: 62 +/- 18 pM), whereas ET-3 showed biphasic and less steep inhibition curve than ET-1 in all tissue membranes examined. Northern blot analysis of poly(A)+ RNA from the parathyroid adenoma clearly demonstrated gene expression of both ETA and ETB receptors as well as preproET-1. ET-1 inhibited basal PTH secretion from dispersed adenoma cells more potently than ET-3. The present study clearly demonstrates the presence of both ETA and ETB receptor subtypes in human parathyroid tissues through which ETs may modulate PTH secretion in an autocrine and/or paracrine manner.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1992

Concomitant expression of receptor subtype and isopeptide of endothelin by human adrenal gland.

We studied whether specific receptors for endothelin (ET) isopeptide exist in human aldosterone-producing adenoma and normal adrenal cortex, and whether ET isopeptides are produced by human adrenal gland. Competitive binding studies using [125I]ET-1 as a radioligand revealed the presence of a single class of high-affinity binding sites for ET-1 with the apparent KD of 70 +/- 31 pM and Bmax of 226 +/- 139 fmol/mg protein in adenoma membranes almost comparable to those in adjacent normal cortex. The apparent Ki for ET-2 and ET-3 were 89 +/- 33 pM and 82 +/- 16 pM, respectively. Northern blot analysis of poly(A)+ RNA of adenoma and adjacent normal cortex using cDNAs for ET receptor subtype (ETA, ETB) and ET isopeptide (ET-1, ET-3) as probes revealed that ETA and ETB receptors as well as ET isopeptides (preproET-1, preproET-3) are concomitantly expressed in both tissues. Our data demonstrate for the first time that ET receptor subtype (ETA and ETB) and ET isopeptide (ET-1 and ET-3) are concomitantly expressed by human adrenal cortex, suggesting the potential role of ETs as a local mediator in human adrenal gland.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1992

Effects of three distinct natriuretic peptides on receptor binding and guanylate cyclase activities in rat glioma cells.

Receptor binding and cyclic GMP generation by three distinct natriuretic peptides (ANP, BNP, CNP) were studied in a cultured rat glioma cell line (C6). Binding studies revealed the presence of high-affinity binding sites for three natriuretic peptides with almost comparable affinities. In contrast, CNP and BNP were almost equipotent in stimulating intracellular cyclic GMP generation over the low concentration range, but CNP caused further elevation in the high concentration range, whereas ANP was minimally effective. Our data suggest that the glioma cells possess receptors more responsive to CNP than ANP and BNP despite no apparent correlation between receptor binding affinities and cyclic GMP responses.

Animals↗