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Biomedical subjects

S Deshpande

Publications and source records attributed to S Deshpande.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Septicemias in cancer patients during parenteral nutrition: contributing factors and detection by weekly blood cultures.

Infections constitute the main complication of parenteral nutrition, particularly in cancer patients, but prediction of catheter-related septicemias (CRS) has been little investigated. We have evaluated, in 200 consecutive episodes of parenteral nutrition (PN) in cancer patients, the factors contributing to infectious complications, and the predictive value of weekly blood cultures performed through the nutrition catheter. The median duration of PN was 22 days with a total of 5816 patient-days of PN, neutropenia (neutrophils < 1,000/microl) being present in 872 (15%). Catheters were placed either in a jugular vein (71% single-lumen silicone catheters, 18.5% double-lumen Hickman-Broviac catheters) or in a femoral vein (10.5%). We observed 62 episodes of septicemia of which 22 were CRS (11% incidence for the 200 cycles) and 40 were non-CRS (20% incidence); CRS were mostly due to Staphylococcus epidermidis (14/22). Neutropenic patients as a group did not suffer more CRS than non-neutropenic patients, but the risk of CRS was slightly increased when expressed per day of neutropenia (8 CRS/872 days vs 14 CRS/4942 days without neutropenia, P < 0.05). On the other hand, a femoral insertion site was associated with a much higher incidence of CRS (9 CRS/21 femoral catheters vs 13 CRS/179 jugular catheters, P < 0.0001). It was possible to evaluate 20 episodes of CRS for their predictability by weekly blood cultures: the sensitivity for detecting CRS due to Staphylococcus epidermidis was 67%, the specificity 92%, the negative predictive value 98% and the positive predictive value 36%. The simple and widely available procedure of routine surveillance blood cultures performed through the PN catheter should be further investigated, because it could help the clinician to determine the origin of recent fever, particularly to exclude CRS and avoid unnecessary removal of PN catheters.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1988

The activation of the cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase via metarhodopsin I: a new model for vertebrate transduction.

Light-scattering spectrophotometry has been used to study rapid photo-induced molecular-cellular changes in vertebrate rod outer segments. Here, we discuss the temporal profiles of the nucleotide-independent P signal as a function of photobleaching, pH dependence in membrane-permeable and -impermeable buffers, angular and wavelength dependence, and cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase inhibitors. On the basis of these observations, we suggest that (i) the P signal is coupled with the metarhodopsin I photo-intermediate and (ii) processes involved in the P signal invoke activation of cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase. Furthermore, temperature-dependence studies indicate that the G protein does not participate in the scheme until the metarhodopsin II stage has been reached. This latter finding suggests that GTP-dependent processes are involved principally in the recovery of the system following light absorption. Our results point to a new model for phototransduction in vertebrate vision.

3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1986

Sporotrichosis in India: first authentic case report from the north-western region and a critical literature review.

The first case of sporotrichosis from north-western region is reported along with a critical review of the work done on this disease in India. The patient, a 55-year-old housewife with multiple lymphocutaneous lesions on her left arm, had never travelled to north-eastern India where sporotrichosis occurs endemically. She was a resident of Ranikhet, District Nainital, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), situated about 235 km north-east of Delhi. The diagnosis was established by demonstration of Sporothrix schenckii through direct microscopy and culture of pus collected from multiple suppurative lesions, verification of the dimorphic character of the fungus in vitro and its pathogenicity to white mice. She was treated successfully with oral administration of potassium iodide for 6 weeks.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Light-induced interaction between rhodopsin and GTP-binding protein leads to the hydrolysis of GTP in the rod outer segment.

In the presence of exogenous GTP, vertebrate whole rod outer segments (ROS), with perforated plasma membranes in the "single particle" scattering range, elicit a light-induced light-scattering transient which we call the "G" signal. Here, we report on the characteristics of the "G" signal relative to the "binding" and "dissociation" signals reported by Kuhn and colleagues. Replacing GTP with guanylyl imidodiphosphate (GMP-PNP) does not give rise to the G signal. This indicates that hydrolysis of the terminal phosphate is required for the G signal and, in addition, GTP and GMP-PNP compete for the same binding site of the enzyme responsible for the G signal (i.e., GTP-binding protein). Also, neither GDP nor its nonhydrolyzable analogue, guanosine 5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate), when present in ROS suspensions yield any light-scattering transient in the time period tested.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Oral premedication: diazepam, metoclopramide and a drink.

A technique of premiedication using oral diazepam and metoclopramide with a drink is described and shown to provide better sedation and less vomiting than pethidine and atropine given intramuscularly without a drink to a group of similar patients.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Type I Monteggia fracture dislocation associated with ipsilateral distal radial epiphyseal injury.

SUMMARY: Ipsilateral elbow and wrist injuries are rare in children. We present a previously undescribed case of a Bado Type I Monteggia fracture with a Salter-Harris Type II epiphyseal injury of the distal radius. A satisfactory result was achieved but required surgical intervention. Complete diagnostic evaluation is imperative to avoid missed injuries and achieve satisfactory outcome.

Bone Plates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Automated multiple peptide synthesis: improvements in obtaining quality peptides.

Production of multiple overlapping peptides is a key step in the identification of T-cell epitopes. A large number of peptides can be produced by using ABIMED's automated multiple peptide synthesizer. We report here considerable improvement in the software and chemistry of peptide synthesis by introducing a resin mixing step during coupling, when using this synthesizer. A comparison of two solvent systems for synthesis was performed. Six test peptides were synthesized by standard and modified methods. The purity of peptides, assessed by HPLC and mass spectrometry, showed a substantial improvement when automated resin mixing and mixed solvent system were used. These improvements enable us to produce 48 peptides within a week each of sufficient purity to be used for rapid screening of T-cell epitopes.

Autoimmune Diseases↗