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Biomedical subjects

S Desai

Publications and source records attributed to S Desai.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Aqueous penetration of orally administered ciprofloxacin in humans.

The aqueous penetration of orally administered Ciprofloxacin (CPX) was studied in twenty-two human volunteers undergoing cataract surgery. CPX in a dose of 250 mg, was given p.o. at 12 hourly intervals in 3 groups such that a maximum dose of 0.5 grams was delivered in one group, 1.0 grams in another and 1.5 grams in the last group. A fourth group consisted of 6 individuals who were controls and received lactose tablets. Twelve hours after the last dosing aqueous samples were collected and assayed by the Grove-Randall technique. The aqueous penetration of Ciprofloxacin achieved was 1.51 +/- 0.15 mgL-1 in group II and 2.49 +/- 0.52 mgL-1 in group III. In group I, the aqueous concentration was experimentally indeterminate and the control samples in group IV did not show any antibacterial activity. Divided oral doses of 1.5 grams of CPX were found to produce an aqueous titre up to 2.5 times the MIC of Ps. aeruginosa.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Is cellulose acetate electrophoresis a suitable technique for detection of Hb Bart's at birth?

Symptomatic alpha-thalassemia (alpha-thal) as found in South-East Asia is uncommon in India. However, the presence of Hb Bart's in cord blood samples has been reported from different parts of India and the prevalence of alpha-thal has ranged from 0.5 to 18% by different electrophoretic techniques. The methodology utilised has ranged from paper electrophoresis to isoelectric focussing (IEF). We screened 798 cord bloods for the presence of Hb Bart's by cellulose acetate electrophoresis and found a prevalence rate of alpha-thal of 15.3% in a heterogenous population in Bombay. A comparison of four different electrophoretic techniques for detection of Hb Bart's in 138 neonates showed that cellulose acetate and starch gel electrophoresis were by and large comparable and only a little less sensitive than IEF. Paper electrophoresis used at many centers in India was most insensitive. As alpha-genotyping is not possible at most centers in the country, it is suggested that a simple cellulose acetate electrophoresis would be the method of choice for screening neonates for alpha-thal in India. As a part of our follow-up study, alpha-genotyping was done by Southern blot hybridization in 24 cases who had shown variable levels of Hb Bart's at birth. The rightward deletion (-alpha3.7/) either in a heterozygous or homozygous condition was the only gene defect encountered in this preliminary study. However, 7 of 24 cases (29.17%) showed no correlation between Hb Bart's level and alpha-genotypes.

Electrophoresis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Stromal fragments in invasive carcinoma. Source of diagnostic difficulty in aspiration cytology.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze three cases of stromal fragments in invasive carcinoma that created diagnostic difficulty in aspiration cytology. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) smears of a breast tumor, scalp tumor and neck mass. Cytomorphologic features of all the smears were reviewed after histology became available. RESULTS: FNAC smears revealed a biphasic pattern: a carcinomatous component and a stromal component that was either discrete or in close apposition to the carcinoma. The cytopathologist had suggested the diagnosis of a biphasic tumor in each case--phyllodes, malignant skin adnexal and salivary gland tumor. Histopathology revealed an invasive carcinoma with altered stroma in the first two cases and metastatic lymph node with perinodal soft tissue extension in the third case. CONCLUSION: Stromal changes in response to infiltrating carcinoma are well documented in surgical pathology. However, these may also be encountered in FNAC smears. The above cases stress the importance of recognizing stromal fragments in aspiration cytology in order to avoid diagnostic errors.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Interpretation of a normal chest X-ray.

Thousands of chest X-rays are taken every day in hospitals throughout the county, but what indications suggest that a chest X-ray is 'normal'? This article, written by two radiologists, offers a step-by-step guide on how to interpret the normal chest X-ray, and will assist nurses in evaluating the significance of this common diagnostic test.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Retroperitoneal extraosseous osteosarcoma. A case report and review of literature.

Extraosseous osteogenic sarcoma is a rare and highly malignant neoplasm. A 57 year old male patient presented with a mass in the abdomen involving the left lumber region. The ultrasound and computerized tomography (CT) scan showed a large mass arising from upper pole of the left kidney. Left radical nephrectomy was performed in April 1995. Histopathology report revealed a high grade extraosseous osteogenic sarcoma. Patient was disease free for 23 months. Although the prognosis is grave, aggressive surgical treatment with adjuvant therapy helps in prolonging the survival.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Compendium of dietary sources of vitamin A in the Thar desert.

The undisputed long term solution to prevent nutritional blindness lies in changing the dietary habits of a given population through nutritional education, nutritional supplementation, and nutritional rehabilitation. Before such strategies can be successfully implemented, it becomes necessary to study the existing dietary pattern of the population and to identify locally grown foods rich in vitamin A. Seventy eight rural women were interviewed to determine the common dietary items in western Rajasthan. These items were then matched with their B-carotene contents, only to discover that, 100 grams of any of them would not provide the RDA for a 1-3 year old child, with the exception of Suva (Peucedanum graveolens) and Bathua (Chenopodium album) leaves. The B-Carotene contents of several food items is unknown at present and there is an urgent need to evaluate them.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary anaplastic large cell lymphoma of central nervous system--a case report.

Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is extremely rare in anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). Primary ALCL of CNS on radiology is often misdiagnosed as tuberculosis. We report a fatal case of primary ALCL of CNS in a 17 year old male. He came with history of headache and left partial seizures. MRI showed a well- circumscribed lesion in the right fronto-parietal lobe eroding the skull bone. Biopsy showed large pleomorphic cells. Immunohistochemical stains showed positivity for CD30, CD43, EMA and ALK-1. In spite of radiotherapy and steroids, patient expired. Hence a high level of suspicion is essential for early diagnosis and for instituting appropriate treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Visual status of industrial workers.

Two hundred and eighty four industrial workers were screened to determine their visual acuity. Significant visual impairment was observed in 21.8% individuals and moderate impairment in 34.5% of cases. Convergence insufficiency was a problem in 9.86% of the workers. Since uncorrected refractive errors are a prelude to disastrous workplace related eye injuries, it is recommended that prior to job placement all workers undergo visual acuity screening and get their refractive errors rectified.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

School eye health appraisal.

School children form an important large target group which must be screened adequately for early detection of eye diseases and prevention of blindness. A total approach in a school eye health programme must include teacher orientation and health education of children in addition to screening for eye diseases. The ocular morbidity pattern in 5135 school children of Jodhpur is discussed in this paper and it is hoped that it will be an indicator to all eye care agencies to help plan their priorities in the delivery of school based eye care.

Adolescent↗