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Biomedical subjects

S Dasgupta

Publications and source records attributed to S Dasgupta.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Sentinel surveillance on poliomyelitis and neonatal tetanus: a report.

A 5 year sentinel surveillance (1989-93) of paralytic poliomyelitis and neonatal tetanus was undertaken at a rural Medical College Hospital at Burdwan, West Bengal. Poliomyelitis incidence showed an overall declining trend, which corroborated with the increased OPV coverage over the years. Incidence was more in males than females. Male:female ratio varied between 2.31:1 to 1.2:1. From 1989 to 1992, age-shift in poliomyelitis was observed when more cases were occurring above 1 year subjects. Cases were reported to be high during the months June to September every year. Incidence of neonatal tetanus (NNT) also showed a declining trend during the 5 year study period. A male preponderance was observed. NNT cases were more prevalent during the months between August and November. In an attempt for eradication of paralytic poliomyelitis and elimination of NNT, containment and other public health measures were undertaken a part of surveillance activities. The obstacles encountered in the surveillance system, as well as lacunae identified in undertaking appropriate health measures was discussed.

Age Distribution↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The utility of waist circumference in assessment of obesity.

The objective of this study was to assess the correlation between waist circumference and waist hip ratio and body mass index. Also to assess if a simple measurement like the waist circumference can be used as an independent indicator for detecting health risk and management. 500 men and 500 women were included in this study from the out patient department and indoor wards of Medical College, Calcutta. Only 7% of the males and 16% of the females had body mass index > or = 25. About 50% of both males and females had waist hip ratio above the desirable range (0.80 for females and 0.95 for males). About 99% of females with, waist circumference > or = 72 cm. had either body mass index > or = 25 or high waist hip ratio > or = 0.80 or both. Similarly 99% of males with waist circumference > or = 80 cm. had either high body mass index > or = 25 or high waist hip ratio > or = 0.90 or both. Waist circumference is simple to assess and can be used as an independent measurement to identify those at risk from either increased body weight or central fat distribution or both.

Anthropometry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of myo-inositol(1,4,5)trisphosphate on the hydrolysis of phytic acid by phytase.

Phytase is a monomeric enzyme of molecular mass 160 kDa which catalyzes the hydrolysis of phytic acid (D-myo inositol hexakisphosphate, InsP6) in a stepwise manner to myo-inositol. The enzyme-InsPn (n = 1-6) interaction at the catalytic site has a dissociation constant in the micro molar range. There also exists in the enzyme, a non-catalytic site specific for InsP3 with dissociation constant in the nano molar range. We have probed the effect of the high affinity InsP3 binding on the dissociation constant (Kd) of the phytase-InsP6 interaction and the kinetics of hydrolysis. These studies demonstrate the effect exerted by the high affinity InsP3 binding on the catalytic site of the enzyme.

6-Phytase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Declining trend in routine UIP coverage.

Routine UIP coverage status in the state of West Bengal and three selected Municipal Corporation areas (Calcutta, Howrah and Siliguri) were studied during 1997-98 and 1998-99. Also, UIP coverage status in the 'high risk' areas of the State (areas which reported Polio cases during 1998) was studied during 1998-99. UIP coverage in the state of West Bengal was only 54.3% in 1997-98, which further declined to 48.1% in 1998-99. In the three urban areas, UIP coverage ranged between 57.3%-70.9% in 1997-98, which further declined to 29.6%-47.1% in 1998-99. Antigenwise coverage revealed very poor performance with DPT3, OPV3, and Measles in 1997-98 and further decline in 1998-99. Dropout rate was also very high. In 1998-99 drop-out rate ranged between 30.1% to 54.2% in different studied areas. Some other studies suggested that PPI activities, which are very visible and targetted programme, may adversely affect routine UIP services. There is urgent need for further probing to identify the reasons for such poor state of affairs, keeping PPI angle in mind and to initiate remedial measure urgently.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Coverage of Maternal Care Services in the state of West Bengal.

Evaluation of the Coverage of Maternal Care Services was conducted during the year 1999 in the entire State of West Bengal, Urban poor localities of randomly selected three Municipal Corporation areas and 'high-risk' urban wards or villages of West Bengal that had reported AFP cases in 1998. It was observed that mothers who had three or more antenatal check-ups varied between 54% to 82% in different study areas. Tetanus Toxoid coverage varied between 83.5% to 93.4% being lowest in high-risk areas. Only a very small section of mothers (12.7% to 23.7%) consumed 100 or more Iron and Folic acid tablets during pregnancy. 'Danger Signs' of pregnancy were informed to only 21.1% to 38.2% of the pregnant mothers. Proportion of home deliveries varied between 16.7% (Calcutta) to as high as 72.7% (high-risk areas). Deliveries conducted by untrained personnel were 60.8% in high risk areas, 38.1% in State clusters and between 14.2% to 29.4% in the three urban areas. Vast majority of mothers (78.8% to 88.4%) received no post-natal check-up.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An overview of multicentric training workshops for public health professionals on reproductive and child health programme in India.

The major emphasis of Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) programme in India is delivery of client-oriented, demand driven and broader ranges of high quality, safe and effective services for children, adolescents, mothers and reproductive age group population at large. Increased client satisfaction is considered as main determinant for improved acceptance of the services. Thus, well trained and motivated health personnel are necessary to deal with highly sensitive, personal health issues of the clients, like contraception, abortion, infertility services etc. The Indian Public Health Association organized total 10 workshops in several places of India (A total 322 members, composed of Medical Administrators (54.7%), Faculty members of Medical Colleges (24.5%), Sociologist and Nutritionists (13.9%) and also public health personnel (6.9%) participated in the workshop). Learning objectives and lesson plans etc. were formulated. Accordingly the contents were incorporated in a module, validated and pretested. The training sessions were conducted by briefing, discussion, group exercise and VIPP method and were evaluated by semi structured. The pre/post assessment schedule and scored scale of feedback from participantsAE were used for evaluation. The pre-post assessment scores revealed wide variations of mean score among the participants of several places. Significant post workshop improvement of knowledge was quite evident, with few exceptions. The group variants of pre and post score of results was considered to be due to heterogeneous groups of participants. Review of objectivity and quality of the questionnaire were felt as necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An evaluation of routine immunization coverage in some districts of West Bengal and Assam.

A coverage evaluation survey was carried out in the five districts of West Bengal and Goalpara district of Assam during the period from November 2002 to April 2003 through 40 clusters sampling technique. Results revealed that highest coverage with routine immunization was in Paschim Medinipur (82.5%) followed by Kolkata (71.6%), Malda (65.3%), 24 Parganas South (61.9%) districts of West Bengal. Murshidabad district of West Bengal had only 41.3% coverage while poorest coverage was observed in Goalpara district (27.2%) of Assam. "Not aware of the need for routine immunization" was the main reason for not being vaccinated with all the UIP vaccines. Vaccination was given mainly through government hospitals in Kolkata while it was administered mainly through subcentres in the other rural districts.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Routine primary immunization: status in two district of West Bengal.

The study was conducted at Birbhum and Purba Medinipur districts of West Bengal to assess the routine primary immunization coverage following 40 cluster sampling technique was used to study 320 children in each of the districts. BCG coverage was found to be 79.69% at Birbhum and 84.38% at Purba Medinipur. Only 62.81% children at Birbhum and 67.81% children at Purba Medinipur received all the three primary doses of DPT. Regarding OPV, coverage with three primary doses were only 65% and 66.88% at Birbhum and Purba Medinipur respectively. Measles vaccine coverage was very poor at both the districts, 55.94% at Birbhum and 62.5% at Purba Medinipur. Full primary immunization was observed 53.13% and 61.56% in Birbhum and Purba Medinipur respectively. High drop-out rate was identified as a major deficiency in both the districts. Of the children who received at least one routine vaccine, more than 1/3rd at Birbhum and more than 1/4 th at Purba Medinipur did not turn up later for completion of their primary vaccine doses. It is evident that routine immunization coverage was poor in both the districts and it seems there has been no improvement in situation for last few years. It will influence not only the child morbidity and mortality situation but also will jeopardize the paralytic polio eradication programme. Urgent intervention should be undertaken to address the large number of non-immunized children as well as high proportion of drop-outs.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A study on intranatal care practices in a district of West Bengal.

A study was conducted at Birbhum district of West Bengal among mothers who delivered in last one year to generate area-specific community-based data on the proportion of home deliveries, assistance during conduction of delivery and the intranatal care practices followed in the district. A multistage 40 cluster sampling method was used to study 320 mothers in the district. 37.81% deliveries were conducted at home. About 25% deliveries were conducted by untrained birth attendants, unqualified practitioners or relatives and friends. In 85.13% of home deliveries, DDK was not used. 68.6% home deliveries were conducted on the floor without any clean covering sheet. Though a clean instrument was used to cut the cord in 86.78% of home deliveries, a clean cord tie was used in only 24.89% cases. In 36.36% home deliveries, something was applied on the cord stump. High proportion of deliveries assisted by untrained persons and high magnitude of faulty intranatal care practices observed in the study require urgent and appropriate intervention.

Cluster Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Utilisation of ORT during diarrhoea in three districts of West Bengal.

Use of ORT is saving 1 million diarrhoeal deaths each year among children. C.S.S.M. programme aims at preventing 70% diarrhoeal deaths, through widespread use of ORT. The present study was carried out to find out the extent of the problem of diarrhoea and utilisation of ORT in three districts of West Bengal. The results showed that the utilisation of ORT was 80.8%, 70.7% and 65% in Howrah, Hooghly and 24-Parganas (South) respectively, during attacks of diarrhoea. The continuing feeding rates were 60.1%, 62.7% and 55.5% in Howrah, Hooghly and 24-Parganas (South) respectively.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An assessment of AIDS awareness program--for I.C.D.S. functionaries.

An assessment of the "One Day AIDS Awareness Program" for I.C.D.S. functionaries was done. The pre-training knowledge level scores were 55.3%, 39.3% and 60.4% of the total score, in 24-Parganas (S), Burdwan and Calcutta districts respectively. However, the post-training assessment scores were observed to be 91.9%, 84.9% and 94.8% in 24-Parganas (S), Burdwan and Calcutta districts respectively. The percentage increase in mean scores was found to be 66.5%, 115.8% and 57.1% in 24-Parganas (S), Burdwan and Calcutta districts respectively.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Some host factors and seasonal variations in the fatal road traffic accidents occurring in eastern suburban Calcutta.

An extensive study of road traffic accident cases occurring within eastern suburban Calcutta during April 1992 to March 1993 was done. Of which 276 fatal cases having minimum medical aids were taken into consideration to avoid erroneous interpretation. Male pedestrians of age group of 50 years and above were mostly involved during the time period of 5 A.M. to 12 Noon. Fatal Accidents mostly occurred during winter and on the broader roads (Highways) and in majority of cases victims were at fault.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of initial 5-fluorouracil trabeculectomy in primary glaucoma.

Sixty-eight patients with primary glaucoma involving 68 eyes were divided into two groups: Group I eyes were subjected to trabeculectomy (n = 38) and Group II eyes underwent trabeculectomy followed by subconjunctival injections of 5-fluorouracil (35 mg) (n = 30). After one year follow-up, Group I eyes exhibited reduction of mean intra-ocular tension from 45.7 mm Hg (pre-operative) to 16 mm Hg; optic disc cupping remained unchanged and 24/38 eyes (63%) were found to have field defects (19/38 i.e. 50% had preoperative field defects.) Group II eyes showed a reduction of mean intra-ocular pressure from 47.3 mmHg to 9.3 mmHg after one year. Mean cup disc ratio was lowered from 0.50:1 to 0.46:1 and 17/30 eyes (57%) which had field defects initially continued to exhibit the same. Complications in Group I and II eyes were shallow anterior chamber [8/38 eyes (21%) from Group I and 8/30 eyes (26%) from Group II], posterior synechiae formation in 10/38 eyes (26%) and 8/30 eyes (26%) and cataract progression in 13/38 eyes (34%) and 12/30 eyes (40%) respectively; only Group II eyes had transient superficial keratitis in 9/30 eyes (30%) and thin blebs in 6/30 eyes (20%). The use of 5-fluorouracil after trabeculectomy for primary glaucoma resulted in lowering of intra-ocular pressure, eliminated the need for antiglaucoma medications post-operatively, reduced the galucomatous cup size, and prevented progression of field loss without having a significantly increased complication rate.

Adult↗