Comparative studies have proven the feasibility as well as reduced morbidity of endoscopic pelvic lymph node dissection when compared to open pelvic lymphadenectomy. Transperitoneal laparoscopic pelvic lymphadenectomy, however, has been associated with complications related to transperitoneal access and intraperitoneal dissection. We, therefore, developed the extraperitoneal laparoscopic staging pelvis lymph node dissection which combines the anatomic principles of open pelvic lymphadenectomy with the minimally invasive endoscopic technique. Exploration of the area of our endoscopic lymphadenectomy during radical retropubic prostatectomy proved the feasibility of our dissection. In patients selected for laparoscopic lymphadenectomy, we now prefer the extraperitoneal approach.

Dissection↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Prediction of interaction partners for orphan nuclear receptors by prior-based protein sequence profiles.

We present a prior-based profile method for the prediction of protein-protein interaction partners that is here applied to the nuclear receptor superfamily. In this method, the diagnostic features are locally encoded in the physicochemical properties of residues in the interaction surface that are conserved in all proteins belonging to the defining set. The procedure models the positional variation based on that observed in the defining set and a prior-based substitution matrix derived from over 20,000 highly conserved positions in a set of 147 functional protein families. The method clusters sets of nuclear receptors known to interact with retinoid X receptor or corepressor proteins with predictive sets of receptors in C. elegans and higher metazoans. The method effectively reduces the search space of all possible interactions and yields experimentally testable predictions. Applications of this novel approach extend to interaction prediction problems in general, particularly to those that are not amenable to analysis by the rigid-body approximation.

Amino Acid Motifs↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Congenital leukemia.

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Humans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Reye's syndrome in Bangalore.

One hundred and twenty four cases of Reye's syndrome admitted to Vanivilas Children's Hospital, Bangalore were investigated. Clinical, biochemical and epidemiological details were obtained. The median age was five years, with no difference in sex ratio. This disease was frequent in winter months. Cases clustered in certain congested localities of the city among lower socio economic strata. Aspirin and varicella could not be associated as preceding factors. The clinical and biochemical features of the patients were suggestive of Reye's syndrome. Histopathological evaluation was done in 104 liver biopsy specimens. Virological studies for influenza and arbovirus were negative. Mortality was high (78%).

Biopsy↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of partial water deprivation and restricted feeding on age-related changes in two enzymes of energy metabolism in the brain of male garden lizards.

The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity of garden lizard brain did not change with advancing age. On the other hand the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity showed a decline during maturation (young to middle-aged) remaining stabilized thereafter. Seven days of partial water deprivation did not alter the LDH activity of lizards of all three age groups but caused an increase in SDH activity of old lizards only. Restricted feeding led to a decline in the activities of both the enzymes (LDH and SDH) in young lizards and an increase in LDH activity of only the old, the response in middle-aged being insignificant. The protein content of the brain did not change during maturation, but declined in old lizards. Partial water deprivation caused an increase in protein content of the brain of both middle-aged and old lizards but not in young counterparts. Only the young lizards showed an increase in protein content of the brain in response to food restriction.

Journal Article↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of age on lipid peroxidation in a short-lived species of reptile, Calotes versicolor.

The lipid peroxidation potential, measured as a thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBA-RS) increased with advancing age in liver, brain and kidney of a short-lived species of reptile, Calotes versicolor. The same parameter did not show a significant change in an ageing heart. The pattern of age changes in lipid peroxidation potential in this species shows similarity with the findings in a majority of mammalian species. While suggesting a commonality in a basic mechanism of ageing between reptiles and mammals, the results also partially support the free radical theory of ageing.

Journal Article↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Age related modifications of soluble proteins in various organs of male garden lizard, Calotes versicolor.

The oxidative modification of proteins measured as carbonyl derivatives increased with advancing age in the liver of male garden lizard. The same parameter did not show a significant change in other organs (brain, heart and kidney). Based on the observations in both homeotherms (mammals) and poikilotherms (insect and reptile), the in vivo oxidative modification of cellular proteins appears to be the most common mechanism leading to accumulation of altered proteins during aging. However, the degree of modifications may vary among the tissues/organs of a species. On the other hand the variations may also account for the role of modification of proteins in the pattern of aging in different species.

Journal Article↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2 and cyclo (Leu-Gly) on the binding of 3H-quinuclidinyl benzilate to striatal cholinergic muscarinic receptors.

The effects of Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2 (melanotropin release inhibiting factor, MIF) and its analog, cyclo (Leu-Gly) on the mouse and rat striatal cholinergic muscarinic receptors labeled with 3H-quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) were investigated. 3H-QNB bound to the rat striatal muscarinic receptors at a single high affinity site with receptor density (Bmax value) of 1200 fmol per mg protein and an apparent dissociation constant (Kd value) of 53.5 pM. At 140 pM concentration of 3H-QNB, the specific binding to the receptors was 724 fmol per mg protein. MIF in a concentration range of 10(-9) to 10(-4) M did not alter the binding of 3H-QNB but at 10(-3) M decreased the binding by 25%. Cyclo (Leu-Gly), on the other hand, in the concentration range of 10(-9) to 10(-3) M had no effect on the binding of 3H-QNB. A single injection of MIF (3 or 10 mg/kg IP) to rats did not alter the Bmax or the Kd value of 3H-QNB to bind to the striatal membranes. 3H-QNB bound to the mouse striatal muscarinic receptors at a single high affinity site with a Bmax value of 991 fmol/per mg protein and a Kd value of 21 pM. Neither acute administration of MIF (3 or 10 mg/kg IP) nor chronic treatment of the peptide (2, 8 or 32 mg/kg IP, daily for 5 days) to mice could influence the binding of 3H-QNB to the striatal muscarinic receptors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗

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Spontaneously hypertensive rats exhibit supersensitivity to the hypertensive and hyperthermic effects of thyrotropin releasing hormone.

The effect of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) on colonic temperature and systolic blood pressure of age-matched spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats was determined. Administration of TRH produced dose-dependent increases in body temperature and systolic blood pressure. TRH-induced changes in both responses were of greater magnitude in SHR rats compared to WKY rats. The results provide the first evidence that SHR rats exhibit supersensitivity to non-neuroendocrinological effects of TRH and that TRH may play a role in the pathophysiology of elevated blood pressure.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Proliferation of thyrotropin releasing hormone receptors in specific brain regions during the development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

The binding of [3H] [3-MeHis2] thyrotropin releasing hormone [( 3H]MeTRH) to brain membranes prepared from 8 week old spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats was determined. [3H]MeTRH bound specifically to rat brain membranes at a single high affinity site. The density (Bmax value) of [3H]MeTRH binding sites was significantly greater (28%) in SHR rats compared to WKY rats. The apparent dissociation constants (Kd values) for the binding of [3H]MeTRH in SHR and WKY rats did not differ. Binding in the various brain regions revealed that the density of [3H]MeTRH was highest in the hypothalamus followed in decreasing order by pons + medulla, midbrain, cortex and striatum. The binding of [3H]MeTRH was approximately 25% greater in cortex, hypothalamus and striatum of SHR rats in comparison to WKY rats. The binding in pons + medulla, midbrain and pituitary of SHR and WKY rats did not differ. To assess the significance of increased binding sites for [3H]MeTRH in some brain regions of SHR rats, the binding studies were carried out during normotensive and hypertensive stages of postnatal age in the two strains. In 3 and 4 week old SHR rats there was neither an increase in blood pressure nor any increase in [3H]MeTRH binding in the hypothalamus and striatum as compared to age matched WKY rats. With the development of elevated blood pressure at 6 weeks, an increase in [3H]MeTRH binding in the hypothalamus and striatum of SHR rats in comparison to the tissues from WKY rats was observed. The results provide, for the first time, evidence for a parallel increase in the density of brain TRH receptors with elevation of blood pressure, and suggest that brain TRH receptors may play an important role in the pathophysiology of hypertension.

Aging↗

PubMedDate not supplied

MCM proteins of Entamoeba histolytica.

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Animals↗