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Biomedical subjects

S Dahl

Publications and source records attributed to S Dahl.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Peak flow monitoring of asthmatic patients. 1. Basis for measurement procedures and normal values].

Peak flow monitoring (PEFM) consists of repeated measurements of the peak expiratory flow rate (PEF) frequently measured by means of small transportable peak flow metres which have proved sufficiently accurate for registration of alterations in PEF. In the majority of persons, not only asthmatics but also healthy individuals, characteristic diurnal variations in PEF are found. The variation amplitude is greatest in asthmatics. The scientific basis for the proposed norms and standards is incomplete but suggests that normal daily variations in PEF are less than 15-20%, calculated as the difference between the highest and lowest daily values as a percentage of the highest. At least 2-4 daily measurements should be made to obtain a reliable picture of the pattern of variation.

Asthma↗
PubMed1990

[Peak flow monitoring of patients with asthma. 2. Practical use].

Despite its simplicity, peak flow monitoring (PEFM) has proved to be a valuable method of investigation of the degree of severity of bronchial asthma and the effect of treatment and it has, therefore, been employed in a series of scientific investigations and testing of medicaments. On account of its simplicity, the method is suitable for outpatient monitoring of asthmatic patients in general practice and it can provide a valuable objective assessment of pulmonary function to supplement clinical assessment and the patient's symptoms. Employment of PEFM as a predictor of the short-term of long-term prognosis is good on a group basis but unsatisfactory in prediction of the prognosis for the individual patient. Although a series of sources of error are present, patients can achieve reliable results of measurements after meticulous instruction.

Asthma↗
PubMed1989

Acute response to rape--a PTSD variant.

The relationship between the acute response to rape and the symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) was studied in 55 victims of rape and attempted rape during the first two weeks after the assault. The results show that in the majority of victims the response to rape within the first two weeks displays the symptoms of PTSD, although the criterion of duration is not fulfilled. Specific features of the response to rape, like shame, guilt and suicidal ideation are discussed. The importance of early detection to enable the administration of adequate treatment is emphasized and suggestions for further research are offered.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1987

Splenic injury--a prospective multicentre diagnostic study.

One hundred and forty-seven patients with splenic injury were entered in a prospective multicentre study including 18 hospitals. The diagnosis was made by scintigraphy in 55 patients, ultrasonography in 51 and computed axial tomography in 31. Exploratory laparotomy was performed in 52 patients, in 23 of these after a positive peritoneal lavage. Splenic injury was found in 33 per cent of the ultrasound examinations, indicated in another 20 per cent and not indicated in 16 per cent. In 31 per cent increased intraperitoneal effusion was the only finding. There was a tendency towards an underestimation of the injury by ultrasonography. Peritoneal lavage was positive in all examinations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Prophylactic treatment of classical and non-classical migraine with metoprolol--a comparison with placebo.

A double-blind investigation with parallel groups was carried out in three Danish neurological clinics to evaluate the effect of metoprolol (Beloc, Betaloc, Seloken) versus placebo in migraine patients. 71 patients were included; 62 completed the study. The following parameters were used in the evaluation: frequency of headache attacks, days with migraine, severity score (days X intensity), and the consumption of pain-relieving tablets. The results of the study show that metoprolol 200 mg in Durules (a controlled release formulation) once daily is more effective regarding all evaluated parameters than placebo and that metoprolol is well tolerated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Prevention of dextran-induced anaphylactic reactions by hapten inhibition. II. A comparison of the effects of 20 ml dextran 1, 15%, administered either admixed to or before dextran 70 or dextran 40.

The incidence of dextran-induced anaphylactoid/anaphylactic reactions (DIAR) was investigated after hapten inhibition employing two different modes of administration of dextran 1 (Mw 1 000 dalton). The trial was carried out as an open prospective study that comprised 12 060 patients. They were randomized into two groups--one receiving a mixture of 20 ml dextran 1, 15%, (Promiten) and 500 ml dextran 70 (Macrodex) or dextran 40 (Rheomacrodex) (admixture group), the other receiving an intravenous injection of 20 ml dextran 1, 15% before the infusion of dextran 70 or 40 (preinjection group). DIAR were graded according to severity from I to V. In the admixture group eight DIAR of grade II, one of grade IV and one of grade V were observed, while in the preinjection group two DIAR of grade II occurred. The admixture of dextran 1 to dextran 70 or 40 does not prevent the occurrence of severe DIAR in the dose investigated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Effects of levomepromazine, chlorpromazine and their sulfoxides on isolated rat atria.

The effects of levomepromazine, chlorpromazine and their sulfoxides were studied on spontaneously beating and on electrically driven rat atria in vitro. Levomepromazine, chlorpromazine and levomepromazine sulfoxide produced a dose-dependent decrease in the work index of spontaneously beating atria and in the contractile force of electrically driven atria, while chlorpromazine sulfoxide was relatively inactive in these respects. At higher concentrations, levomepromazine sulfoxide caused a pronounced increase in the threshold for electrical stimulation and the effective refractory period. Compared to chlorpromazine, levomepromazine looses less of its cardio-depressive effect through sulfoxidation.

Animals↗