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Biomedical subjects

S D Stellman

Publications and source records attributed to S D Stellman.

84 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Impact of filter cigarette smoking on lung cancer histology.

BACKGROUND: The rates of lung adenocarcinoma cancer have risen more rapidly than the rates of lung squamous cell cancer over the past 2 decades. METHODS: A case-control study was carried out to assess the impact of long-term filter cigarette smoking on the risk of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (AC) of the lung. RESULTS: Odds ratios for SCC among subjects who had smoked only filter cigarettes were reduced relative to lifetime nonfilter cigarette smokers by 30% for men and by 60% for women, but no risk reduction was observed for AC of the lung. CONCLUSION: The predominance of AC over SCC may be due in part to the fact that smokers of very low yield cigarettes tend to compensate for the lower nicotine levels by inhaling more deeply and frequently, leading to greater exposure of the peripheral lung to the carcinogens in tobacco smoke, and in part to the increased concentration of nitrosamines that preferentially produce AC in laboratory animals.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Health risks of passive smoking.

Passive or involuntary smoking is the inhalation of smoke which escapes directly into the air from the lit end of a burning cigarette. This unfiltered smoke contains the same toxic components of the mainstream smoke inhaled directly by the smoker, including numerous carcinogens, many in greater concentrations. It has long been known that exposure to this type of smoke leads to increased respiratory and other adverse health conditions in non-smokers, especially children. During the past five years, evidence has been accumulating that risk of lung cancer is also higher, particularly in non-smoking women whose husbands smoke. Despite uncertainties and differences in interpretation of various cancer studies, there is ample justification for public health measures now in place or proposed, such as restriction or elimination of smoking in the workplace and in public places.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cancer and the workplace.

The study of occupationally related cancers has played an important role in the control of cancer in general. The very nature of the workplace allows for studies that can help establish a relationship between an environmental exposure and cancer. Once carcinogens are identified, strategies can be developed to prevent disease. The article reviews procedures for identifying, evaluating, and categorizing human carcinogens; provides an overview of the basic epidemiologic strategies that have been used to study cancer and the workplace; and outlines the clinical evaluation of occupational exposures.

Bias↗