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Biomedical subjects

S D Neill

Publications and source records attributed to S D Neill.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Mastitis in dairy cows associated with an aerotolerant campylobacter.

During the course of a study of an outbreak of mastitis in a dairy herd, an aerotolerant campylobacter was isolated from a milk sample. This organism was cultured and the right front quarters of four young Friesian cows were infected by intramammary inoculation. Each infected quarter developed an acute clinical mastitis which resolved spontaneously after 120 hours. The challenge organism was reisolated from one of the quarters.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Bovine leptospirosis: microbiological and serological findings in normal fetuses removed from the uteri after slaughter.

Leptospires were demonstrated by a combination of the direct fluorescent antibody technique and culture in six (4.6 per cent) of 130 fetuses from apparently normal uteri collected at an abattoir. Fetal ages ranged from the fifth to the seventh months. In addition, leptospires were isolated from the oviducts of two uteri whose fetuses were not infected. All the strains isolated were similar antigenically to serovar hardjo. Leptospiral antibodies were not detected in any of the fetuses.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Bovine leptospirosis: serological findings in aborting cows.

The antibody titres of 149 cows aborting leptospire infected fetuses and 156 cows aborting fetuses not apparently infected with leptospires were determined by the microscopic agglutination (MA) test. There were differences in the distribution patterns of MA titres between the two groups of cows but these differences would only be of very limited value in the diagnosis of leptospiral abortion. Although 81.2 per cent of aborting cows which had a titre of 1:1000 or greater had leptospire infected fetuses, they represented 46.3 per cent of cows aborting leptospire infected fetuses. Among cows which aborted infected fetuses, 22.8 per cent had no detectable antibodies. The complement fixation and plate agglutination tests were of less value than the MA test.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1982

Bovine leptospirosis: microbiological and serological findings in aborted fetuses.

Leptospiral infection was diagnosed in 41.6 per cent of 245 randomly selected aborted bovine fetuses and 68.9 per cent of 103 aborted fetuses from farms with abortion problems. Diagnosis was based on combined leptospiral isolates from fetal kidney and eye, and fetal serology and immunofluorescence. Fifty-six of the 58 strains of leptospira isolated belonged to the Hebdomadis serogroup and were similar to serovar hardjo while one of the remaining two strains belonged to the Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup and the other to the Canicola serogroup. These findings indicate that serovar hardjo infection is a major factor in the aetiology of bovine abortion and that it is possible to isolate this organism from fetal kidney by the careful application of dilution culture technique.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1982

Use of arginine aminopeptidase activity in characterization of arginine-utilizing mycoplasmas.

The aminopeptidase activity of arginine-utilizing mycoplasmas was investigated with 20 aminoacyl beta-naphthylamide substrates. High levels of arginyl-beta-naphthylamide hydrolysis were demonstrated in 6 of 11 species when extracts of concentrated washed organisms were used. Relatively low arginine aminopeptidase activity was demonstrated with similar extracts from 22 species not utilizing arginine. The high level of arginine aminopeptidase activity could also be demonstrated with unwashed, unconcentrated samples of the same 6 species and also with Mycoplasma arthritidis. The procedure for preparing the extract of M. arthritidis appeared to remove the arginine aminopeptidase activity which was demonstrated to be present in the untreated culture. Fluorogenic and chromogenic tests were developed whereby this distinctive arginine aminopeptidase activity could be demonstrated within 4 h with the use of small volumes of broth culture (10 microliter) or single colonies, thus providing a rapid test for early characterization of some Mycoplasma species.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1980

Aminopeptidase activity of Acholeplasma laidlawii, Mycoplasma bovirhinis, Mycoplasma dispar and Mycoplasma bovis.

Aminopeptidase activity was demonstrated in extracts of Acholeplasma laidlawii, Mycoplasma bovirhinis, M. bovis and M. dispar. The enzyme specificity, which differed amongst the mycoplasma species examined, was characterized using 19 aminoacyl-beta-naphthylamides as substrates. The differences were detected after 4 h incubation with the substrates and potentially could be employed to aid in the characterization of certain mycoplasma species.

Acholeplasma↗
PubMed1980

Dysentery in pigs associated with cystic enlargement of submucosal glands in the large intestine.

Grossly visible glands were found in the submucosa of the large intestine of five pigs with dysentery. Some were cystic, some were filled with necrotic debris and some had perforated the serosal surface. The mucosa of the large intestine of all pigs had areas of acute catarrhal inflammation with haemorrhage and focal sloughing of the surface epithelium. Although very distinctive and analogous in most respects to collitis cystica profunda, it was felt that the cystic and hypertrophic glands were a secondary finding and represented involvement of glandular elements present in normal animals. Anaerobic vibrio were recovered from three pigs, but the significance of these isolates is unknown.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Observations on outbreaks of respiratory disease in calves associated with parainfluenza type 3 virus and respiratory syncytial virus infection.

In four outbreaks of indoor calf pneumonia, dyspnoea was a prominent clinical finding. At necropsy it was associated with pneumonia involving the cranial lobes of the lung and severe pulmonary emphysema. Histological examination of lung tissue revealed bronchiolitis and alveolitis with alveolar epithelial cell hyperplasia and multinucleate syncytium formation. Intraalveolar haemorrhage, intra-alveolar oedema and hyaline membrane formation were also noted. In all cases parainfluenza type 3 (PI3) virus was isolated from the lungs. In each of the four outbreaks there was evidence of PI3 virus and respiratory syncitial virus (RSV) infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Observations on outbreaks of respiratory disease in housed calves--(2) Pathological and microbiological findings.

Extensive pneumonic lesions were present in 42 out of 43 calves obtained for post mortem examination from 34 outbreaks of respiratory disease in Northern Ireland. Bronchiolitis and alveolitis with necrosis of bronchiolar mucosa which progressed to bronchiolitis obliterans and peribronchiolar fibrosis were prominent histopathological features in the lungs of calves obtained live. The majority of calves which died within the first two months of these outbreaks had severe exudative bronchopneumonia with marked vascular damage and necrosis of pulmonary parenchyma. Pasteurella spp, Mycoplasma spp and P13 virus were the organisms most frequently recovered from the pneumonic lungs.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Observations on outbreaks of respiratory disease in housed calves--(1) Epidemiological, clinical and microbiological findings.

In 47 of 50 outbreaks of respiratory disease in indoor calves which had never been to grass there was clinical evidence of pneumonia in all animals examined. Calf housing was in most cases considered unsatisfactory. Virus activity was detected in 70 per cent of outbreaks investigated within a few days post onset of respiratory signs. Parainfluenza (PI) 3 and respiratory syncitial virus (RSV) were the viruses most frequently involved. In the majority of outbreaks Mycoplasma species and Pasteurella multocida were present in the upper respiratory tract of affected calves.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Antibodies to Leptospira in the sera of aborted bovine fetuses.

Antibodies to Leptospira serotypes were detected in sera from 15 (6.9 per cent) of 218 aborted fetuses, but were not detected in the sera from 196 non-aborted fetuses. Fourteen (6.4 per cent) sera from the aborted fetuses had antibodies to strains belonging to the Hebdomadis serogroup and 1 (0.5 per cent) had antibodies to a strain belonging to the Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup. These antibodies were predominantly immunoglobulin M whereas in the dams, antibodies belonged to both immunoglobulin M and G classes.

Abortion, Veterinary↗