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Biomedical subjects

S D Malnick

Publications and source records attributed to S D Malnick.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Acute femoral artery thrombosis associated with functional protein C deficiency as the presenting manifestation of acute monocytic leukemia.

Acute leukemia may be linked to disturbances of the coagulation system, which are usually due to hyperviscosity because of disseminated intravascular coagulation or a high white cell count. We report a unique case of femoral artery thrombosis as the beginning symptom of acute monocytic leukemia (M5) associated with a low level of functional protein C. The patient had multiple recurrent episodes of thrombosis with low levels of functional protein C associated with the relapse of the leukemia. A review of the literature shows that this is an extremely rare phenomenon.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

HCV hepatitis associated with anticardiolipin antibody and a cerebrovascular accident. Response to interferon therapy.

A 54-year-old man with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) developed quadrihemianopsia caused by lacunar brain infarction. Extensive evaluation revealed high titers of anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA). Following interferon treatment (6 x 10(6), three times a week for 2 months and 3 x 10(6) for another 7 months), liver transaminase levels decreased to normal, HCV RNA in blood was no longer detectable, concomitantly with the disappearance of the ACA. The patient remained clinically stable without evidence for either HCV activity (RNA) or ACA or further thromboembolic events.

Antibodies, Anticardiolipin↗
PubMed1997

G(ee): a new hepatitis virus.

Hepatitis G virus (HGV) is a newly discovered virus of the flavivirus family. It has recently been identified by two independent laboratories. We review the discovery of this virus and summarize the molecular biology techniques that were employed to isolate and sequence HGV Although HGV can cause both acute and chronic hepatitis and is found in approximately 1% of U.S. blood donors, it is unclear whether HGV is a major cause of hepatic pathology. At present, it is difficult to screen blood donors for HGV routinely due to the unavailability of a reliable ELISA test, and so it is unclear what action blood banks should take regarding this virus. It is possible that HGV may be linked to extrahepatic diseases.

Flaviviridae↗
PubMed1997

Interferon therapy for chronic HCV hepatitis: trick or treat?

Chronic hepatitis caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a common condition that leads to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Current treatment with interferon is unsatisfactory, with a low percentage of patients who respond and uncertain high-term significance; in addition, it is associated with sometimes severe side effects. The increasing sophistication of molecular biology has enabled viral characteristics such as viral load, genotypes, and quasi-species to be identified, which may help predict a patient's response to interferon treatment. We suggest that interferon therapy for hepatitis C virus should be restricted to referral centers in the context of controlled trials.

Disease-Free Survival↗
PubMed1997

Cholelithiasis and pancreatic cancer. A case-control study.

To study the possible association between pancreatic cancer and cholelithiasis, we conducted a retrospective case-control study. Abdominal ultrasound of 100 consecutive cases of pancreatic cancer and that of 140 age- and gender-matched control subjects were examined by 2 observers who did not know the diagnosis. Thirty-seven patients with pancreatic cancer had cholelithiasis (37%), as compared with 23 (16%) of the control group (p < 0.001). The increased prevalence of gallstones in patients with pancreatic carcinoma remained significant when either male or female patients were compared (p < 0.02), as well as in the various age groups studied. For example, 30 (43.5%) of 69 patients 65 years of age and older had cholelithiasis versus 21 (22%) of 95 control subjects (p < 0.005). Thus, patients with pancreatic cancer were found to have a higher prevalence of gallstone disease than expected in a matched control population (relative risk, 2.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-4.3). This finding does not establish a causal link; however, the possibility should be pursued, more so because gallstones have been identified previously as likely risk factors for cancer in other parts of the biliary-pancreatic tract.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Celiac disease.

Celiac disease, or gluten-sensitive enteropathy, classically presents as diarrhea and weight loss in childhood, but it may also have protean manifestations and appear well into adult life. The increasing availability of noninvasive blood tests that are highly sensitive and specific for celiac disease enables primary care physicians to recognize the disorder in a wide variety of clinical situations. The authors believe that the disease is more common than supposed and thus offer this diagnostic review to increase awareness.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Budd-Chiari syndrome].

Budd Chiari syndrome is a rare disorder resulting from occlusion of hepatic venous drainage by hepatic vein thrombosis or by a membranous web in the inferior vena cava. In western countries the commonest causes are myeloproliferative disorders and hypercoagulable states. Presentation may be acute with rapid accumulation of ascites and hepatic failure, or subacute with symptoms developing over a few months. A chronic progressive form has also been described. On presentation there is usually abdominal pain, ascites, and hepatosplenomegaly; hepatic encephalopathy is found in about a third. Noninvasive, ultrasound-Doppler is recommended in diagnosis, and has a high correlation with hepatic venography. Liver biopsy is required for therapeutic decisions. Those with advanced hepatic failure or severe fibrosis on liver biopsy are referred for hepatic transplantation. When biopsy shows only hepatic congestion and inflammatory infiltrates, portosystemic shunting is recommended. We present a 61-year-old woman with ascites and hepatosplenomegaly that had developed over the courses of a few months. Budd-Chiari syndrome with chronic myelofibrosis and congenital protein C deficiency were diagnosed. Portosystemic shunt was performed but death from sepsis followed shortly.

Budd-Chiari Syndrome↗