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Biomedical subjects

S D Deodhar

Publications and source records attributed to S D Deodhar.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Autoimmune diseases: overview and current concepts of pathogenesis.

No single theory or mechanism can adequately explain all features or pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. The clinically wide spectrum of autoimmune diseases is best considered as the mosaic of autoimmunity and the many factors involved are genetic, hormonal, immunological, and environmental. These multifactorial considerations help to explain not only the diversity of various clinical diseases encountered but also the differences in clinical manifestations from patient to patient within the same disease group.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed1992

Adult onset Still's disease: clinical experience with 18 patients over 15 years in northern India.

Over a 15 year period 18 patients (eight men, 10 women), 16-50 years old, were diagnosed as having adult onset Still's disease. Fever and arthralgia were always present but prominent lymphadenopathy was uncommon and the serosa were rarely affected. The typical rash of this disease was observed in nine patients. Several complications, including deforming arthritis, amyloidosis, granulomatous hepatitis, uveitis, scleritis, cutaneous vasculitis, and cardiomyopathy, were observed during follow up. Two patients were affected by a nosocomial infection during immunosuppressive treatment for uncontrolled disease. There were no characteristic features at necropsy. Ten patients had a monocyclic course that responded well to aspirin and indomethacin, whereas eight had a polycyclic pattern which invariably required treatment with corticosteroids. Serious complications developed exclusively in the latter group. This group of patients requires early, intensive disease modifying treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Wegener's granulomatosis: clinical experience with eighteen patients.

Wegener's granulomatosis is being recognised with increasing frequency in India. Our 18, histologically confirmed, patients had a clinical profile similar to that described from developed countries. Delayed diagnosis led to the death of nine patients, usually within days of hospital admission, due to extensive vasculitis and renal failure. Tuberculosis was the most frequently considered diagnosis and 12 patients had been treated for it in spite of progressive clinical deterioration. Those who could be adequately treated with low dose daily cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids did well. Six of seven such patients are alive and well 1-8 years later. We believe that if prompt lung biopsy and ANCA determination are resorted to in patients with "resistant tuberculosis", it will greatly expedite case detection, diagnosis and optimum treatment of this remediable disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Prolonged, pregnancy-related pure red cell aplasia; a case report.

We describe the clinical course of a patient with pregnancy-related, acquired, pure red cell aplasia (PRCA). The course of PRCA was prolonged and ultimately responded only to corticosteroids. It did not recurr over 4 years of observation despite another gestation, and no other cause for PRCA could be detected during this long period.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1991

Pleural effusions in Wegener's granulomatosis: report of five patients and a brief review of the literature.

Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is an uncommon disease of unknown aetiology which is characterised histologically by a necrotising granulomatous angiitis. The airway, lungs and the kidneys are predominantly involved, but the disease has been documented to affect virtually every organ system. The clinical course is variable and ranges from a short, rapidly fatal illness at one end of the spectrum to indolent involvement compatible with several years of survival at the other. A majority of patients have pulmonary disease evidenced clinically by cough, sputum production and haemoptysis and radiologically by infiltrates, nodules and cavitation. Pleural effusions, however, are rare. No detailed information regarding the nature and clinical behaviour of these effusions is available and only a recent French study has listed the nature of the fluid in passing. We have observed pleural effusions in five patients with WG who are the basis of this report.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Pulmonary complications of upper abdominal surgery.

Pulmonary complications encountered in 67 patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery in our unit in one year period are analysed. Pulmonary function tests and their post-operative reduction, as also the risk factors are discussed. Pathophysiology responsible for pulmonary complications is outlined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Patients' attitude towards health care at a teaching hospital in India.

Using a questionnaire, 362 patients attending the outpatients services of Internal Medicine of Nehru Hospital attached to our institution were randomly interviewed. Seventy per cent of the patients were in the 21-50 years age range; 50% came from rural and 50% from urban areas. Forty per cent travelled more than 30 Km; 72% used a public transport to reach hospital. Most patients had an income less than Rs. 1000/-. Ninety per cent had already consulted another medical practitioner earlier. The largest number of complaints related to the gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and respiratory systems. On an average 1-2 drugs were prescribed per patient; only 13% of these were available at the hospital dispensary. Most patients were willing to purchase the prescribed drugs from the market.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Assays for lupus anticoagulant: the sensitivity of different assays.

Fifty patients with systemic lupus erythematosus were studied for the presence of lupus anticoagulant using three different assays--kaolin clotting time, platelet neutralization test, and tissue thromboplastin inhibition test. Lupus anticoagulant could be detected in seven cases (14%) with the use of one test in cases with a partial prothrombin time with kaolin more than five seconds greater than normal. The detection rate rose to 20% (10 cases) when using all three tests, so a panel of three assays could identify lupus patients apparently at risk for thrombotic complications.

Blood Coagulation Factors↗
PubMed1991

A study of relation between physical growth and sexual maturity in girls--V.

The findings indicate that sexual maturity would be initiated only after the attainment of requisite morphological body size such as weight on an average nearly 27 kg and height of 137 cm, irrespective of age and SES. The girls from LSES were chronologically older throughout the span of pubertal growth. However, they took lesser time to reach full maturity after the attainment of mid-pubertal growth compared to USES. Menarche appeared after attaining about a minimum weight of 35 kg, height of 143 cm and bicristal breadth is 24 cm. Its appearance followed the attainment of peak height velocity and 3rd developmental stage of breast and/or pubic hair. It, however preceded the attainment of weight and bicristal breadth peak velocities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

A mixed-longitudinal study on the pattern of pubertal growth: relationship to socioeconomic status and caloric-intake--IV.

The pubertal growth pattern was observed on 791 girls belonging to upper and low SES. These girls ranged between 7-16 years. The effect of calorie intake on the pubertal growth was also ascertained. The development of breast was first to appear at the age of 8.25 years. It was followed by pubic and axillary hair development. The mean age of menarche was 12 years and 12.8 years for USES and LSES, respectively. The onset of menarche, breast and pubic hair was significantly delayed in LSES girls by 0.8 years. Menarche was found to correlate better with breast development than pubic or axillary hair. The girls on adequate calories showed early onset of breast, pubic hair and axillary hair development and of menarche. Similarly, these girls attained mature stage (adult) of these variables earlier compared to those who were on inadequate calories. However, intermittent developmental stages of pubic hair and axillary hair showed no consistency with intake of calories. The girls on inadequate calories showed approximately one year late onset of breast and pubic hair development. The present observations suggest that the onset of puberty is strongly influenced by environment but its attainment is under the genetical control.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Physical growth in school girls: relationship to socio-economic status and dietary intake--II.

Growth of 955 healthy normal girls between ages 5-16 years was measured with a mixed-longitudinal design to observe variations due to socio-economic status and the dietary intake. Five hundred and thirteen girls belonged to upper socio-economic status (USES) and 442 girls to lower SES. The 24 hours diet-intake of each girl was recorded by 24 hour-recall method. The LSES girls were significantly smaller in every physical measurements compared to USES girls. Annual mean increments for the linear and circumferential measurements were also lower among LSES girls till the peak velocity was attained. The mean increments for triceps were also lower in LSES for all ages. The girls on inadequate calories were significantly smaller in their growth than who consumed adequate or more than adequate calories. The effect of protein was less evident. A higher percentage of LSES girls (91.2%) consumed inadequate calories than those of USES girls 38.2%). The present study thus established that SES and dietary intake had significant bearing on the physical growth of the pre-adolescent and adolescent girls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of anthropometric indices for the assessment of nutritional status in girls--III.

Total subjects were regrouped into three, based on the growth velocity indicating pre-adolescent, adolescent and post-adolescent stages. Three nutritional indices based on 4 body measurements (weight, height, triceps, midarm circumference) were calculated for each subject. It was found that the energy protein index was the only reliable and suitable index for evaluating the nutritional level of adolescents and post-adolescents while weight/height2 and arm circumference were more suitable for determining the nutritional status of pre-adolescent girls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Pure red cell aplasia associated with essential thrombocythemia (a case report).

A rare case of erythroblastopenia associated with essential thrombocythemia (ET) is described. The patient had markedly elevated platelet count (5200 x 10(9)/1) and significant platelet dysfunction leading to extensive soft tissue and gastrointestinal hemorrhage. There was paucity of erythroid precursors in the bone marrow - a feature hitherto undescribed in ET. The thrombocytosis responded to well busulphan therapy but patient succumbed to fulminant infection consequent upon drug induced neutropenia.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Non-organ specific & organ specific antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis.

Fifty patients of rheumatoid arthritis clinically diagnosed (by ARA criteria) were studied for both non-organ specific [rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA), extractable nuclear antibody (ENA), granulocyte specific anti-nuclear antibody (GS-ANA), anti-smooth muscle antibody (SMA) and anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA)] and organ specific, [anti-adrenal (AAA), anti-islet cell (ICA), antithyroid antibody (ATA) and anti-parietal cell (PCA)] auto antibodies. RF was positive in 80 per cent of patients. ANA was positive in 44 per cent of patients, ENA in 62 per cent, SMA in 20 per cent, AMA in 18 per cent and GS-ANA in 68 per cent. Of the organ specific antibodies, PCA was demonstrable in 28 per cent of the patients and none of the other antibodies were present. Circumstantial evidence indicates that ANA and GS-ANA are not synonymous but independent, cross-reacting entities and the presence of both increase the sensitivity (94%) of diagnosis of RA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

A mixed longitudinal study of physical growth in girls--I.

A total of 492 apparently normal healthy Punjabi girls belonging to upper socio-economic status between 5-15 years of age were selected from the schools for the study of physical growth. Twenty one measurements were made on each girl. Girls below the age of 13 years were examined five times at interval of six months each. Beyond 13 years, only those girls who had not attained menarche, were followed-up 6 monthly. The linear and circumferential measurements followed similar pattern while skinfold thicknesses showed different pattern. Each linear and circumferential measurement and weight increased progressively from age 5 to 15 years. Annual growth gain per year was slow upto 9/10 years followed by a rapid growth with a peak velocity between 11-13 years of age. Thereafter, growth rate declined. The skin-fold thicknesses showed decrease in absolute values upto 10 years of age. Beyond 13 years of age, these increased rapidly. However, no peak velocity in either of the skinfold was detected. Thus, three periods of growth rate, viz., preadolescent (age 5-9 years); adolescent (10-13 years) and post adolescent (beyond 13 years) could be identified.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Audiovestibular functions in rheumatoid arthritis.

Audiologic, middle ear impedance and vestibular function tests were administered to 25 patients with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis and 25 normal control subjects of 30 to 50 years age group. Any possible influence of other common causes of hearing loss was avoided by carefully selecting the patients. Six patients had mild sensorineural hearing loss and another had bilateral mixed hearing loss. Results of tone decay test, speech reception threshold, speech discrimination score and short increment sensitivity index tests suggested cochlear pathology being responsible for the sensorineural hearing loss. There was no statistical correlation between hearing loss or otoadmittance abnormality and duration or activity of rheumatoid arthritis or positivity of rheumatoid factor. Electronystagmographic recording of saccades and bithermal caloric induced nystagmus revealed no significant abnormality.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗