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Biomedical subjects

S Cunningham

Publications and source records attributed to S Cunningham.

104 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Perceptual distortion of body image in adolescent girls: distortion of body image in adolescence.

Body image estimations in 86 normal-weight adolescent girls showed (a) a tendency to overestimate body width and underestimate body length and (b) an association between the younger ages and the extent of overestimation of body width. In particular there is a sharp drop in overestimation between ages 10 and 11 and thereafter a more gradual and non-significant decline. These age-specific normative data are useful in assessing body image distortions in a variety of medical and psychiatric disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Treatment of anorexia nervosa with behavior modification. Effectiveness of formula feeding and isolation.

Anorexia nervosa has been treated with a variety of therapies. One seemingly successful modality, behavioral modification, has in most cases been used concurrently with various drugs, making the contributions of each impossible to separate. Eight patients meeting rigorous criteria for anorexia nervosa were treated in this study exclusively with behavioral therapy (reward contingent on weight gain). All had a substantial weight gain while hospitalized, and on short-term follow-up are maintaining or continuing to gain toward their normal weight range on individualized positive-reinforcement programs.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The development of a computer controlled system to simulate in rats, the rapid, frequent changes in oxygen experienced by preterm infants developing retinopathy of prematurity.

Preterm infants that develop severe ROP have significantly more fluctuations in their transcutaneous oxygen compared to mild or no ROP, despite the fact that all these infants are kept within clinically 'safe' limits. Current animal models do not accurately reflect this oxygen environment. Our aim was to custom build equipment capable of reproducing the transcutaneous oxygen (TcPO2) levels recorded by infant cotside monitoring equipment in a rat model and assess the equipment's precision. Using previously published data for the rat that translates TcPO2 into the equivalent inspired FiO2, a profile was derived from a datalog of TcPO2 values recorded every minute for 14 days in an infant that had developed severe ROP. This profile was controlled in the animal chamber by software algorithms which calculated the amount and type of gas to be injected to move oxygen to each new set-point. CO2 regulation within the chamber was also possible. Absolute differences between the datalog set-points (n = 17,465) and the oxygen sensor were median 0.3% oxygen, IQR 0.2-0.7% oxygen, with 95% of the differences < +/- 2% oxygen. The equipment is capable of reproducing the oxygen environment experienced by a preterm ventilated infant, giving a satisfactory level of precision.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The biological basis of cancer.

People with cancer require sensitive nursing. They need information, explanations, encouragement, support and guidance through investigation, diagnosis and treatment options. One person in three may have a diagnosis of cancer sometime in his/her life, thus the nurse is faced with an increased probability of caring for a cancer patient during his/her career. In general, both the public and nurses have a negative view of cancer because of lack of knowledge about cancer. Knowledge of the fundamental pathophysiological aspects of cancer can increase understanding about the causes of cancer, its development and the rationale for treatment approaches. Ultimately, knowledge assists nurses in supporting and empowering their patients.

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Genetics and disease.

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Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mended knee.

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Ambulatory Surgical Procedures↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Handling premature neonates: a study using time-lapse video.

Handling procedures in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICUs) constitute a potential hazard for very pre-term infants. This study examines whether the presence of continuous physiological trend data on a cot-side monitor affects the overall length of time an infant is handled. This was done by pairing infants by gestational age and assessing the frequency and length of handling procedures, using a video recorder in time-lapse mode. No consistent correlation was found between handling duration and either continuous monitoring, gestational age, birth weight or ventilatory status. We also compare the actual numbers of handling episodes and the length of time spent being handled with the perceptions of handling among NICU staff. The study was constrained by the requirements of a larger study examining the effects of the cot-side monitors, and so numbers recruited were small and our conclusions tentative at best; however, the discrepancy between what staff thought handling rates were and what we observed indicates that there may be room for considerable improvements in the planning of care giving to very vulnerable infants.

Clinical Nursing Research↗