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Biomedical subjects

S Crane

Publications and source records attributed to S Crane.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Effects of aspirin and propranolol alone and in combination on hemostatic determinants in the healthy cat.

The effects of aspirin (75 mg orally/average-size cat) and propranolol (5 mg orally every 8 hours/average-size cat) alone and in combination on hemostatic determinants in healthy cats were studied. In cats, aspirin alone did not cause a significant effect in platelet numbers, plasma fibrinogen, activated partial thromboblastin time, prothrombin time, thrombin time, or platelet aggregation response to adenosine diphosphate. Aspirin did, however, significantly reduce the degree of aggregation induced by acid soluble collagen. Propranolol alone or in combination with aspirin did not cause a significant effect on platelet numbers, plasma fibrinogen, activated partial thromboblastin time, prothrombin time, thrombin time, or platelet aggregation in response to acid soluble collagen, adenosine diphosphate, or adrenaline. It was concluded that aspirin alone at the recommended dosage of one-quarter of a 5-grain tablet (1.25 grains or 75 mg) every other day will significantly affect platelet function and may be of value in the prevention of thromboembolic disease in the cat.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Quantitation of helper factor activity. II. Inhibition of antibody binding.

A sensitive direct assay has been developed to quantitate antigen specific helper factors (ThF). The assay depends on the ability of ThF to block the binding of free antibody to immobilized antigen. It has been used to follow the course of purification of ThF produced in short-term cultures of in vitro primed helper cells and purified by affinity chromatography on antibody and antigen immunoabsorbents. The identity of the ThF was confirmed by assaying its biological activity and by its reactivity with anti-Ia antibody and with a monoclonal anti-ThF.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Enhanced incorporation of exogenous arachidonic acid into phosphatidylinositol and other phospholipids during the early stages of thrombin-induced aggregation in gerbil platelets.

The degradation of platelet phospholipids via phospholipase activity is known to occur during thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. Both phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylcholine are considered to be sources of the released arachidonic acid which becomes a substrate for prostaglandin and thromboxane A2 formation. In this work, the effect of thrombin on the incorporation of exogenous arachidonic acid into platelet membrane phospholipids was studied. Suspensions of gerbil platelets were incubated in aggregometer cuvettes with [14C] arachidonic acid in the absence or presence of thrombin, and product formation was monitored by thin layer chromatography and scintillation counting. Within 30 sec, the entry of arachidonic acid into phosphatidylinositol was increased by 165% in thrombin-stimulated platelets over controls. Under identical conditions, the incorporation into phosphatidylcholine was increased by only 57%. These results suggest that the incorporation of exogenous arachidonic acid via lysophosphatidylinositol and lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase activities may be intimately associated with thrombin-induced platelet aggregation in the gerbil.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The attempted enrichment of beer with thiamine alkyl disulphides.

The Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, commonplace in Australia, might be prevented by the enrichment of alcoholic beverages with thiamine. The use of the well absorbed thiamine alkyl disulphides for the enrichment of the most relevant Australian beverage, namely beer, is examined. A liquid chromatographic method is described whereby thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryl disulphide and thiamine propyl disulphide can be detected in beer in concentrations down to 125 ng/ml. It is concluded that the thiamine alkyl disulphides offer no special advantage because their disulphide bonds are reduced by substances in beer, yielding free thiamine.

Alcohol Amnestic Disorder↗
PubMed1983

Platelet aggregation in platelet suspensions from Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus).

Blood obtained from Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) by cardiac puncture was used to develop a method for preparing platelet suspensions suitable for biochemical and aggregometric studies. The aggregation responses of gerbil platelet suspensions to 10 microM adenosine diphosphate and to 0.2 U/mL thrombin were immediate and irreversible. In addition, thrombin produced a short lag period. Bovine acid-soluble collagen (1:800) produced a long lag period coupled with an irreversible aggregation. Indomethacin (10 microM) significantly depressed adenosine diphosphate--induced aggregation but had no effect on thrombin-induced aggregation. Indomethacin significantly prolonged the lag period and reduced the rate of collagen-induced aggregation. Our results strongly indicate that platelet suspensions from the Mongolian gerbil, an animal which is responsive to hypercholesterolemic diets, may be useful in studying dietary lipid factors which influence platelet aggregation.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1981

Quantitation of helper factor activity. I. Utilization of the ELISA method to measure helper activity in the secondary antibody response.

We describe here a simple culture system for measuring the effects of regulatory cells or factors on the secondary antibody response which uses the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect antibody production. This technique offers several advantages over methods which measure hemolytic plaque-forming cells. Helper factors purified from the supernatant of in vitro primed helper cells were shown to specifically enhance antibody production from primed spleen cells by from 2- to 4-fold in this system.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Serotyping Cryptococcus neoformans by immunofluorescence.

Four serotypes of Cryptococcus neoformans designated A, B, C, and D are currently recognized. Although an agglutination test is most often used to serotype C. neoformans in cultures, this test is not appropriate for typing the fungus in fixed tissues. A study to prepare fluorescent-antibody reagents for typing C. neoformans in cultures and to determine whether they can be used to type this fungus in fixed tissues was carried out. Antisera to one strain belonging to each of the four serotypes were prepared in rabbits by intravenous injection of whole Formalin-killed cryptococci. Each antiserum was labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate and then adsorbed with cells of each of the heterologous serotypes. The adsorbed conjugates were then tested against six serotype A isolates and five isolates of each of the other three serotypes. Labeled serotype A or D antiserum adsorbed with either B or C cells stained the A and D, but not the B or C, isolates. Labeled serotype B antiserum adsorbed with A cells stained the B and C, but not the A or D, isolates. Labeled A antiserum absorbed with D cells differentiated A from D; labeled C antiserum absorbed with B cells differentiated C from B. Of the 21 test isolates, 17 could be serotyped in paraffin sections of tissues of experimentally infected mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Von Willebrand's disease in two families of Doberman Pinschers.

The history, clinical symptoms and laboratory results in two families of Doberman pinschers with von Willebrand's disease are described. The affected animals illustrate the rather nonspecific bleeding problems that may be encountered in mild and moderate forms of this disease. In both families a bleeding diathesis was suspected when one member of the family underwent surgery with serious postoperative bleeding complications. These cases illustrate the importance of a thorough presurgical history as well as the necessity for specific laboratory assays of F VIII including von Willebrand factor activity for the recognition of affected and "carrier" animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Determination of Canine Factor VIII-related Antigen Using Commercial Antihuman F VIII Serum.

Factor VIII-related antigen (F VIII:AGN) in 21 canine plasma samples was assayed by immunoelectrophoresis using a rabbit anticanine F VIII serum prepared from a canine F VIII concentrate and a commercial rabbit antihuman F VIII serum. A good correlation existed (r value 0.916) between the antigen levels obtained using the two sera. In normal dogs the plasma F VIII:AGN level was 95 +/- 39% (Mean +/- SD) compared to 175 +/- 40% in dogs with severe hemophilia A and 17 +/- 15% in dogs with von Willebrand's disease. It was concluded that there was sufficient cross reactivity between canine F VIII and commercial rabbit antihuman F VIII serum to make the latter useful in the differential diagnosis of F VIII deficiencies in the dog.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1980

Regionalization of services within a multihospital health maintenance organization.

Among the many factors that may explain lower costs for enrollees in Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) is the possibility that the HMO provides inpatient services more efficiently. While direct cost comparisons are in appropriate, it is reasonable to examine whether the Kaiser program in the San Francisco Bay Area regionalizes services among its ten hospitals. The presence of each of 43 facilities/services reported is examined in a regression model that includes type of hospital, size, a size-type interaction, and the distance to the nearest competing facility. When the generally smaller size of the Kaiser hospitals was controlled for, Kaiser hospitals had fewer technologically based services and concentrated these services in larger hospitals. Kaiser had more outpatient-oriented services. Among non-Kaiser hospitals, some specialized facilities were competitively distributed.

California↗
PubMed1976

A vision profile of American Indian children.

In an unselected study, Modified Clinical Technique screening plus keratometry was done on 398 American Indian grade school children. The results are compared to screening results for Caucasin grade school children.

Astigmatism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A primer on insurance.

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Ambulatory Care Facilities↗