Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Chu

Publications and source records attributed to S Chu.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Characterization of monoclonal antibodies recognizing bovine bone osteoglycin.

Six monoclonal antibodies (mAb) are described that bound to the bovine bone glycoprotein, osteoglycin. The protein osteoglycin was originally called Osteoinductive Factor (OIF). The antibodies were characterized with respect to their reaction patterns in Western blots, indirect immunoprecipitation, and binding epitope. The antibodies bound to one of two sequential determinants, either residues 62-76 or 95-105, in the C-terminal region of mature osteoglycin. One mAb, 2C11, was found to be useful for affinity purification of osteoglycin. Another mAb, 3B2, was able to immunohistochemically stain osteoblasts, osteocytes, chondrocytes, occasional osteoclasts and nail bed epithelial cells in rat neonatal forelimb. The mAbs will provide an essential tool for the further characterization of this unique glycoprotein.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Part I, Clinical information systems: a fourth generation.

Despite the fact that cutting edge technologies are already at our doorsteps, most nurses are still struggling with old technologies of the 70s. The greatest stumbling block to change involving information technology is the nurses' unfavorable experience with the difficult and inefficient applications currently in place. Qualities of the fourth-generation clinical systems and the urgent need for technology education are outlined to help shape the development of the new generation of systems.

Hospital Information Systems↗
PubMed1993

Part II--clinical information systems: the nursing interface.

Given the fact that nurses generate over 50 percent of patient information, usable, automated nursing systems are essential. Neglecting the issues of usability of computer systems in healthcare results in poorly designed user interfaces, leaving nurses battling against extremely difficult and hostile systems. Two state-of-the-art technologies and nursing interfaces needed to develop mission-critical Clinical Information Systems are explored.

Computers↗
PubMed1992

Drug-food interaction potential of clarithromycin, a new macrolide antimicrobial.

To evaluate the effect of food on bioavailability, clarithromycin and 14-hydroxyclarithromycin (active metabolite) pharmacokinetics were assessed in 26 healthy adult volunteers after ingestion of a single oral 500-mg dose of clarithromycin in a fasting state (2 hours before breakfast after an overnight fast) and a nonfasting state (0.5 hours after the start of breakfast). Clarithromycin and 14-hydroxy metabolite plasma concentrations were measured using a high-performance liquid chromatographic technique. Food intake immediately before dosing increased the extent of absorption from the 500-mg tablet formulation by approximately 25%. The mean increase in metabolite area under the plasma concentration-time curve was approximately 9%. These results suggest that clarithromycin can be taken without regard to timing in relation to meals.

Absorption↗
PubMed1992

Clinical use of injectable bovine collagen: a decade of experience.

Bovine collagen has long been recognized as a safe, highly biocompatible material. In 1981 and 1985, two injectable fibrillar suspensions of purified bovine dermal collagen, Zyderm and Zyplast collagen implant, were commercially launched in the USA for use in soft tissue contour irregularities. Since that time more than 750 000 patients have been treated with Zyderm and/or Zyplast collagen implants internationally. Adverse reactions to bovine collagen implants occur in a small percentage of treated patients. The most prevalent adverse reaction is localized hypersensitivity at treatment sites, occurring in 3% of skin tested patients and 1 to 2% of the treated patients. These reactions resolve with time as the implant material is resorbed by the host. Circulating antibodies to bovine collagen can be demonstrated in the sera of a majority of patients (90-100%) with local hypersensitivity. These antibodies are specific for bovine collagen and do not cross react with human type I, II or III collagen. Although the presence of a humoral immune response to bovine collagen can be associated with localized symptoms of hypersensitivity, antibodies to bovine collagen can also be demonstrated in the absence of any clinical manifestation.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

No evidence for female-to-female HIV transmission among 960,000 female blood donors. The HIV Blood Donor Study Group.

The frequency of female-to-female HIV transmission was assessed among 960,000 female blood donors at 20 large U.S. blood centers during 1990. Of 144 HIV-seropositive women identified, 106 were interviewed. None of the interviewed women reported sex exclusively with women since 1978. Three seropositive women reported sex contact with women as well as with either bisexual men or men who had used i.v. drugs. In this large population, we identified no woman who was infected with HIV from sexual contact with another woman.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Structure of the tetragonal surface virulence array protein and gene of Aeromonas salmonicida.

The paracrystalline surface protein array of the pathogenic bacterium Aeromonas salmonicida is a primary virulence factor with novel binding capabilities. The species-specific structural gene (vapA) for this array protein (A-protein) was cloned into lambda gt11 but was unstable when expressed in Escherichia coli, undergoing an 816-base pair deletion due to a 21-base pair direct repeat within the gene. However, the gene was stable in cosmid pLA2917 as long as expression was poor. A-protein was located in the cytoplasmic, inner membrane and periplasmic fractions in E. coli. The DNA sequence revealed a 1,506-base pair open reading frame encoding a protein consisting of a 21-amino acid signal peptide, and a 481-residue 50,778 molecular weight protein containing considerable secondary structure. When assembled into a paracrystalline protein array on Aeromonas the cell surface A-protein was totally refractile to cleavage by trypsin, but became trypsin sensitive when disassembled. Trypsin cleavage of the isolated protein provided evidence that both the NH2- and COOH-terminal regions form distinct structural domains, consistent with three-dimensional ultrastructural evidence. The NH2-terminal 274-residue domain remained refractile to trypsin activity. This segment connects by a trypsin and CNBr-sensitive 78-residue linker region to a COOH-terminal 129-residue fragment which could apparently refold into a partially trypsin-resistant structure after cleavage at residue 323.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1990

Wall structure of arteries and arterioles feeding the spinotrapezius muscle of normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Vessel wall structure in feed arteries and their hierarchical ramifications were investigated in a rat skeletal muscle. Emphasis was placed on the transition of wall structure elements from the axillary and thoracodorsal arteries to the feeder arteries and the arcade and transverse arterioles forming the microcirculation of the spinotrapezius muscle. Semi-thin sections, prepared for light microscopy, and ultra-thin sections for electron microscopy were used to compare mature (15-20 week old) normotensive and hypertensive animals. The results demonstrate a gradual transition of the elastica intima and the smooth muscle from the central arteries towards the arterioles, accompanied by an attenuation of the adventitia. The elastica intima in 60-40 microns arcade arterioles is reduced from a continuous sheet in the central arteries to single fibers oriented parallel to the vessel axis. The multiple layers of smooth muscle cells at the level of the feeder arteries are reduced in the majority of arcade arterioles and in transverse arterioles to a single smooth muscle coat. Comparisons of the smooth muscle mass per unit length of vessel at selected sites of normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats show evidence for some degree of wall hypertrophy in the axillary artery, but no evidence for wall hypertrophy in arterioles of the microcirculation. There is no evidence of a pressure-mediated structural medial wall hypertrophy along this peripheral vascular pathway.

Animals↗