[Gene therapy of peripheral vascular diseases].
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
S Chen
Publications and source records attributed to S Chen.
[Omeprazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection].
The aim of this study is to determine the eradication rate in Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection using omeprazole 20 mg twice daily, clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily and amoxicillin 1,000 mg twice daily for one or two weeks, in comparison with colloidal bismuth subcitrate 240 mg twice daily, amoxicillin 1,000 mg twice daily and metronidazole 400 mg twice daily for two weeks. 141 patients with Hp associated chronic gastritis or duodenal ulcer were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group I (n = 48) treated with triple therapy of omeprazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin for 1 week. Group II (n = 47) treated with the same drug and dosage for 2 weeks. Group III (n = 46) treated with triple therapy of colloidal bismuth subcitrate, amoxicillin and metronidazole for 2 weeks. The Hp status was determined by rapid urease test and histology of Warthin-Starry silver stain. The eradication rates of Group I, Group II and Group III were 89.6%, 95.7% and 71.7% respectively. The difference between Group I and Group III, or Group II and Group III was significant. The difference of eradication rate between Group I and Group II was statistically insignificant. The frequency of side effects in Group III was higher than that in Group I or Group II. Although 21.1% of the patients in Group I and II experienced a metallic taste, none discontinued the medication. Our results show that triple therapy with omeprazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin is an effective and well tolerated treatment for eradication of Hp infection and may be an alternative regimen to the old standard triple therapy.
Adult↗
[The effects of teprenone on the ulcer healing rate and the quality of healing in the treatment of active gastric ulcers].
UNLABELLED: One hundred and six patients with active gastric ulcer proven by endoscopy were randomly allocated to receive cimetidine 800 mg at bedtime + teprenone 50 mg thrice daily; or cimetidine 800 mg at bedtime alone in a trial comparing the ulcer healing rate and the quality of healing at 4 or 8 weeks. At 4 weeks 72.4% (42/58) of those on cimetidine + teprenone and 52.1% (25/48) on cimetidine alone had ulcers healed in comparison of 93.1% (54/58) and 89.6% (43/48) respectively at 8 weeks. The difference was significant at 4 weeks, indicating the ulcer heal more rapidly in the combination therapy group. The stage S2 achievement rates were 34.5% (20/58) and 10.4% (5/48) at 4 weeks (P < 0.05), 50.0% (29/58) and 20.8% (10/48) at 8 weeks (P < 0.05) respectively, indicating the quality of ulcer healing was much better in the combination therapy group. The gastric mucosal hexosamine levels increase significantly after treatment (17.79 +/- 2.00 micrograms/mg) as compared to that before treatment (14.27 +/- 2.47 micrograms/mg) in the combination therapy group, indicating that teprenone stimulates macromolecular glycoprotein synthesis in gastric mucosa. This is thought to be a significant factor in the healing process of gastric ulceration. CONCLUSION: It is reasonable to administer teprenone, an agent increasing mucosal resistance, concurrently with H2 blockers in the treatment of active gastric ulcers.
Anti-Ulcer Agents↗
[Is mixed connective tissue disease a distinct rheumatic disease].
Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) as a distinct clinical entity is still controversial. To address the issue, the authors observed the evolution of 50 patients diagnosed as MCTD at our clinic, evaluated the reliability of three different diagnostic criteria proposed by Sharp, Alarcon-Segovia and Kasukawa respectively and performed HLA-A, -B and -DR antigen typing in 38 of the patients. The results showed that: (1) 13 (26.9%) of the 50 MCTD patients subsequently developed other connective tissue disease (OCTD) including 7 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and 6 progressive systemic scleroderma (PSS). (2) among 23 of the MCTD patients fulfilling Sharp's criteria, 1 (4.3%) developed PSS, but among 23 of the patients fulfilling Kasukawa's, not Sharp's, 7 (30.4%) developed OCTD and among 27 of the patients fulfilling Alarcon-Segovia's, not Sharp's, 12 (44.4%) developed OCTD. (3) in the frequencies of DR, and DR5, there were significant differences between patients fulfilling Sharp's (60.9%, 56.5%) and the normal controls (24.3%, P < 0.005, RR = 4.7 and 21.4%, P < 0.005, RR = 4.6%), but no significant differences between the patients not fulfilling Sharp's and normal controls (P > 0.05). We concluded that: (1) MCTD is a distinct rheumatic disease. (2) Sharp's criteria is the most reliable for diagnosis of MCTD.
Adolescent↗
[An investigation of a family tree with congenital deficiency in coagulation factor XIII].
In order to study the hereditary trait of a 20-year-old girl with congenital deficiency of coagulation factor XIII and her family tree, the following laboratory tests were done for the propositus and her family members: clot solubility test in 5 mol/L urea, estimation of factor XIII activity, amount of the subunits A and S of factor XIII with rocket electrophoresis. The results showed that the propositus had clinical history of bleeding in umbilical cord and its stump after birth. Her parents are not consanguineously related and have no history suggestive of hemorrhagic diathesis. The propositus has one brother and three sisters. One of her sisters died of bleeding of the umbilical cord after birth, another died at age of two, but the reason of her death is unclear and the remaining siblings are clinically healthy. The propositus had an abnormal urea clot lysis test, but the other family members had normal results. For the propositus factor XIII activity was 0%. A subunit 0% and S subunit 8.2%. Factor XIII activity of her father, her mother and her sister were 25%, 50%, 25% respectively. A subunit 52%, 58%, and 58% respectively and S subunit 66%, 68% and 66% respectively. The results showed that the propositus has a congenital deficiency in coagulation factor XIII, and her parents and sister are in fact carriers.
Adult↗
[Radioembolization with 32P-labelled glass microspheres for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma].
We evaluated the efficacy and side effect of 32P-Labelled glass microspheres (32P-GMS) as a radioembolizer for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). 24 patients with unresectable HCC received internal radiation treatment of 32P-GMS. The tumor size varied from 3.6 to 18 cm. Hepatic arterial embolization was carried out through intraoperative or Seldinger's method. The mean absorbed radiation dose of the liver was 3250 rad (range from 1200 rad to 8000 rad). The radiation intensity within the tumor was 3.3 times stronger than in liver tissue. Not significant bone marrow renal toxicity was noted within 1 to 3 months. > 50% of tumor shrinkage was found in 17 cases, and < 50% of tumor reduction in 5 cases. The cumulative survival rate of 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 months was 92%, 75%, 54%, 33% and 29%. Hepatic arterial instillation of 32P-GMS appears to be safe and effective for unresectable HCC even with portal vein thrombosis.
Adult↗
[Study of relationship between the bacteria in air and the clinic infection].
The Source of infectious bacteria is the first problem in provension of infection considered by the medical workers. In this paper, with the method of bacteria plasmid analysis, chromosome DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, drug resistance experiment (antibacterial drug, sterilizing drug) and so on. We confirmed that staphylococci of nosocomi is mainly from air; but the gram-negative bacteria is mainly from the patient's pharyngeal portion; and cause hospital infection indirectly. The drug resistance of gram-negative from air was lower than the same gram-negative bacilli's isolated from the patient. Moreover, kill bacteria the infectious strain is same strain in air. Above-mentioed results provided the important basis for control of the hoslpital infection.
Air Microbiology↗
[An experimental animal model study of HCMV].
This Paper is a study of animal model on the Kunmin and BALB/C mice infected HCMV-AD169. The death-rate showed a marked higher BALB/C mice (28.75%) than the kunmin mice. The Kunmin mice Percentage of diseased (94.74%) higher than BALB/C mice. Brian tissue of two groups mice that pathological changed was equal by HCMV infected.
Animals↗
Mechanism of GroEL action: productive release of polypeptide from a sequestered position under GroES.
The chaperonin GroEL is a large, double-ring structure that, together with ATP and the cochaperonin GroES, assists protein folding in vivo. GroES forms an asymmetric complex with GroEL in which a single GroES ring binds one end of the GroEL cylinder. Cross-linking studies reveal that polypeptide binding occurs exclusively to the GroEL ring not occupied by GroES (trans). During the folding reaction, however, released GroES can rebind to the GroEL ring containing polypeptide (cis). The polypeptide is held tightly in a proteolytically protected environment in cis complexes, in the presence of ADP. Single turnover experiments with ornithine transcarbamylase reveal that polypeptide is productively released from the cis but not the trans complex. These observations suggest a two-step mechanism for GroEL-mediated folding. First, GroES displaces the polypeptide from its initial binding sites, sequestering it in the GroEL central cavity. Second, ATP hydrolysis induces release of GroES and productive release of polypeptide.
Animals↗
Assessment of antiretroviral therapy by plasma viral load testing: standard and ICD HIV-1 p24 antigen and viral RNA (QC-PCR) assays compared.
To assess the utility of quantitative competitive-polymerase chain reaction (QC-PCR) measurements of plasma human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA and other viral load markers for assessment of antiretroviral therapy, we used archived cryopreserved specimens from a randomized controlled clinical trial of 135 patients (CD4+ T cell count < or = 500/mm3), comparing zidovudine (500 mg/day) versus the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor L-697, 661 (50, 300, or 1,000 mg daily). We evaluated treatment-associated changes in plasma viral load by standard and immune complex-dissociated (ICD) HIV-1 p24 antigen assays, and, in a representative subset of patients (n = 46), by QC-PCR determination of virion-associated HIV-1 RNA. At baseline, HIV-1 RNA was quantifiable by QC-PCR in all patients tested (100%), whereas standard and ICD HIV-1 p24 antigen tests were positive (> or = 30 pg/ml) in 42% and 56%, respectively. All viral load parameters showed significant decreases from baseline within 1 week of initiation of zidovudine, as measured by standard p24 antigen assay, ICD p24 assay, and QC-PCR. At 1 week, patients treated with either 300 or 1,000 mg/day of L-697,661 showed significant decreases from baseline in plasma standard and ICD p24 antigen and QC-PCR-determined HIV-1 RNA levels. Whereas viral load decreases seen with zidovudine were sustained for the duration of treatment, plasma viral markers often returned to pretreatment levels despite ongoing L-697,661 treatment, with evidence of the emergence of drug-resistant virus. Whereas standard p24, ICD p24, and viral RNA levels changed similarly in response to treatment, the superior sensitivity and available dynamic range of plasma viral RNA assays like QC-PCR analysis provide an advantage for clinical monitoring of plasma viral load, allowing tracking of treatment-related changes even in patients with earlier stage disease and lower levels of viral load.
Antiviral Agents↗
Regulation of the activity and phosphorylation of the plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase by adriamycin in intact human erythrocytes.
We have previously shown in intact human erythrocytes that both the plasma membrane Ca2+ pump activity and its phosphorylation can be increased by phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a known stimulator of protein kinase C. These effects were inhibited by high doses of adriamycin (L. C. Wright et al., 1993, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 306, 277-284). We now show that low doses of adriamycin (ADR) (maximum effect at 10 microM for 1-6 min) decrease the amplitude of the intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) transient induced by 2.5 microM CaCl2 and 10 microM A23187 in intact human erythrocytes. This is reflected by a parallel increase in Ca(2+)-ATPase activity in plasma membranes isolated from pretreated intact cells. When 10 microM ADR and 1 microM PMA were combined the effects were additive, with a maximum decrease in the Ca2+ transient amplitude of 50%. A similar effect was seen on the Ca(2+)-ATPase activities in isolated membranes. In erythrocytes labeled with [32P]orthophosphate 10 microM ADR induced a 1.5-fold increase in the phosphorylation of the Ca2+ pump and when combined with 1 microM PMA the phosphorylation was greatly enhanced (2.3 times that induced by PMA alone). ADR alone and in combination with PMA was found to decrease both 32P labeling and lipid phosphate content of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). This was accompanied by an increase in the amount of 1,2-diacylglycerol formed in response to 10 microM ADR. We conclude that low doses of ADR are able to stimulate the breakdown of 6-13% of erythrocyte PIP2 by phospholipase C at an intracellular calcium concentration of 2.5 microM, normally regarded as below threshold for phospholipase C activation in erythrocytes. The diacylglycerol formed appears to stimulate protein kinase C to activate the Ca2+ pump and enhance its phosphorylation and Ca2+ efflux in intact human erythrocytes.
Calcimycin↗
Anatomical evidence for inputs to ventrolateral medullary catecholaminergic neurons from the midbrain periaqueductal gray of the rat.
Previous studies have shown that the midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG) projects to the ventrolateral medulla (VLM). Here, we studied PAG projections to the area of A1/C1 neurons in the VLM in the rat using phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) anterograde tracing combined with immunocytochemistry for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) or phenylethanolamine N-methyl transferase (PNMT). Following PAG injections, PHA-L labeled fibers and terminals were intermingled among TH-immunoreactive (TH-ir) neurons in the VLM. High-power light microscopic examination revealed that some of the PHA-L labeled varicose fibers and boutons were in close contiguity with TH-ir elements. Such apparent appositions appeared more frequently on TH-ir elements in the A1 area than on TH-ir or PNMT-ir neurons in the C1 area. These results indicate that some PAG inputs to the VLM may directly innervate A1/C1 neurons.
Animals↗
A site-directed mutagenesis study at Lys-113 of NAD(P)H:quinone-acceptor oxidoreductase: an involvement of Lys-113 in the binding of the flavin adenine dinucleotide prosthetic group.
NAD(P)H: quinone-acceptor oxidoreductase (EC 1.6.99.2), also referred to as DT-diaphorase, is a flavoprotein that catalyzes the two-electron reduction of quinones and quinonoid compounds to hydroquinones, using either NADH or NADPH as the electron donor. Using an Escherichia coli expression system developed previously, we prepared three mutants of the rat liver quinone reductase. These mutants are Lys-113-His (K113H), Lys-113-Asp (K113D), and Lys-113-Ala (K113A). While the mutant K113H was readily purified using the same procedure as for the purification of the wild-type quinone reductase and found to have an activity similar to that of the wild-type enzyme, K113D and K113A were purified only in very small quantities, mainly in the form of apoprotein, and had very low activities. The results suggest that a positively charged amino acid at this position is important for the binding of the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) prosthetic group. Flavin spectral studies of 6-mercapto-FAD-reconstituted mutants revealed that mutation at Lys-113 affects the protein environment around position-6 of the isoalloxazine ring.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Scaling relations for a randomly advected passive scalar field.
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Journal Article↗
Regulation of androgen action by receptor gene inhibition.
Regulated functions of hormonal agents play a critical role in health and disease. Target cell responsiveness to a hormonal signal is a product of both cellular concentrations of the hormone ligand and the corresponding receptor protein. The major thrust of the drug design for treatment of endocrine-related problems, so far, has been directed to ligand derivatives. In certain cases, receptor regulation through antigene technology has much to offer with improvements in both target cell and hormonal specificity. Three different antigene approaches are currently being explored. The first approach is to inhibit the expression of the receptor gene by disrupting the DNA protein interaction at critical cis-elements by short triple helix-forming oligonucleotides. The second approach is to sequester and inactivate the receptor mRNA by the antisense mRNA produced in the target tissue directed by a heterologous tissue-specific promoter. The third approach is the tissue-specific expression of a catalytic ribozyme that binds to the specific receptor mRNA and selectively degrades it before its translation into the protein. In this study, we have characterized the promoter of the rat androgen receptor, and by progressive deletion from its 5' end have identified two critical cis-regulatory elements, one at the -960 to -940 region and the other at the -554 to -574 positions. The former is an activator while the latter is an inhibitor domain. The inhibitory domain is the binding site for the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) and more specifically, the p50/p50 homodimer of this transcription factor family. We have also provided correlative data to show that under normal physiological conditions, the NF-kappa B functions as an antiandrogen during the age-dependent desensitization of the liver. In addition to the naturally functioning antiandrogenic influence of NF-kappa B, we have designed an artificial antiandrogenic agent, a triplex-forming oligonucleotide (TFO) directed to the -960/-940 activator domain of the rat androgen receptor gene promoter. This oligonucleotide at a TFO-to-promoter ratio of 500 is able to cause about 60% inhibition of rAR promoter function in transfected COS-1 cells. These results clearly demonstrate the feasibility of the antigene approach for effective inhibition of steroid hormone action.
Androgens↗
Delineation of T-progenitor cell activity within the CD34+ compartment of adult bone marrow.
T-cell production is largely dependent on the presence of a thymus gland where CD34+ precursors mature into T lymphocytes. Prethymic stages of T-cell development are less defined. Therefore, this study aims to delineate T-progenitor cell potential within the CD34+ Lineage--(Lin-) cell compartment of adult bone marrow (ABM). Fractionation of CD34+ Lin- ABM cells with CD45RA, Thy-1, CD38, and HLA-DR failed to absolutely segregate T-cell reconstituting ability, indicating broad distribution of T-progenitor cell potential. Titration experiments showed that low numbers of CD34+ Lin- CD45RA+ (RA+) cells had greater thymus repopulating ability than CD34+ Lin- CD45RA- cells (RA-). The great majority (> 95%) of RA+ cells expressed CD38, HLA-DR and 70% to 90% of RA+ cells lacked Thy-1 surface expression. RA+ cells contained colony-forming unit granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) progenitor cells but were depleted of erythroid potential, did not provide hematopoietic reconstitution of human bone fragments implanted into SCID mice, and did not efficiently maintain CD34+ cells with secondary clonogenic potential in bone marrow cultures. Thus, RA+ cells are oligopotent (nonprimitive) CD34+ progenitors with T-cell reconstituting ability. In contrast, these same assays indicated that CD34+ Lin- CD45RA- cells (RA- cells) comprised hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) with primitive multilineage (T, B, myeloid, and erythroid) hematopoietic potential. It was confirmed that HSC-containing populations, such as CD34+ Lin- CD45RA- Thy-1+ cells had thymus repopulating ability. Culture of RA- cells on murine bone marrow stromal cells in the presence of interleukin (IL)-3, IL-6, and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) generated CD34+ CD45RA+ progeny engrafting in a secondary severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)-hu thymus assay. Altogether, our results underscore the fact that T-cell reconstituting potential can be dissociated from HSC activity. Furthermore, we speculate that HSC might develop into the T lineage indirectly, via differentiation into an intermediate oligopotent CD34+ CD45RA+ stage. Finally, T-progenitor cells can be cultured in vitro.
ADP-ribosyl Cyclase↗
Effects of hydrodynamics on phase transition kinetics in two-dimensional binary fluids.
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Journal Article↗
Approach to the large-scale preparation of highly pure phosphatidylserine from bovine brain.
An approach to the large-scale preparation of highly pure phosphatidylserine from bovine brain is described in this paper. The method is based on (i) the separation of phosphatidylserine from phosphatidylinositol in bovine brain extract by preparative aminopropyl normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography using methanol-1 M phosphoric acid (90:10, v/v) as mobile phase and (ii) further purification of phosphatidylserine by anion-exchange chromatography. The main advantage of this approach is that polyunsaturated acid-containing molecular species of brain phosphatidylserine are not lost in the preparation procedure.
Animals↗