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Biomedical subjects

S Chanalet

Publications and source records attributed to S Chanalet.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Nontraumatic spinal epidural hematoma: report of four cases and review of the literature.

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma is a rare entity. We report four cases of nontraumatic spinal epidural hematomas observed from 1990 to 1994. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: In two cases, the causes were determined to be an acquired coagulopathy and a vascular malformation; in the other two cases, no causes were detected. We reviewed 85 cases in the literature, with particular emphasis on the various causes detected (coagulopathy, vascular malformations, tumor) and the diagnostic methods used. INTERVENTION: All the patients were investigated by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging and underwent surgery. CONCLUSION: We considered the expression "nontraumatic epidural hematoma" to be less ambiguous than "spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma," which is the one that is usually used in the literature and corresponds to various definitions. In the absence of any signs suggestive of vascular malformation on magnetic resonance imaging, preoperative angiography is not essential and need not delay the surgical procedure, because the timing of the surgery, together with the preoperative clinical state, determines the quality of the clinical result.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Benign fibrous mesothelioma of the pleura: MR study and pathologic correlation.

Benign fibrous mesothelioma of the pleura is a rare tumor of mesodermal origin. We describe the MR findings in three pathologically proven cases. All three tumors were imaged by MR as well-circumscribed lesions with smooth margins in contact with the pleura, but without chest wall invasion. Their low signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted sequences reflect their fibrous nature. In one case a pedicle connecting the tumor to the chest wall was visualized on a sagittal MR scan. In two cases gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted gradient echo sequences revealed intense contrast uptake by the tumor correlated with the intratumoral hypervascularization noted by histologic examination. Although the number of cases presented is small, MR seems to be the most accurate imaging modality in the assessment of the diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome with subependymal periventricular heterotopias.

A 24-year-old woman with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome had complex partial and right sensory motor seizures. MRI showed periventricular subependymal heterotopias, agenesis of the posterior part of the corpus callosum, mega cisterna magna, and aneurysms of the sinuses of Valsalva. This may constitute a new subtype of type 1 Ehlers-Danlos syndrome characterized by X-linked periventricular subependymal heterotopias and epilepsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Ultrasonography of the parotid venous plane].

The venous plane of the parotid gland is a good marker of the intraparotid facial nerve that no imaging method can display precisely. In our study, we performed conventional B-mode imaging, color Doppler and power Doppler to detect the venous plane of the parotid. Some healthy patients (one hundred forty-two) without head or neck disease were examined with color Doppler and Power Doppler sonography using a 10 Mhz transducer. Sonography detected the venous plane of the parotid gland in more than two thirds of the examined patients whatever the sonographic method we used. Color Doppler and Power Doppler actually increased the sensitivity and quality of the examination.

Female↗
PubMed1995

[Comparative studies of the tolerability of gadodiamide, dimeglumine gadopentetate and meglumine gadoterate in MRI tests of the central nervous system].

The development of new non-ionic magnetic resonance (MR) contrast media as gadodiamide injection increased the choice of paramagnetic contrast agents available in MR of the central nervous system (CNS). The purpose of our paper was to compare at the dose of 0.1 mmol/kg b.w. the safety of gadodiamide (Gd-DTPA-BMA) to gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) and to gadoterate meglumine (Gd-DOTA) in two multicentric double-blind studies. A total of 551 patients were enrolled with 143 patients in the Gd-DTPA group, 132 patients in the Gd-DOTA group and 276 patients in the Gd-DTPA-BMA group. Safety was assessed by recording the adverse events up to 24 hours after the injection. One or more adverse events were recorded in 14% of the Gd-DTPA patients, in 15.1% of the Gd-DOTA patients and in 11.6% of the Gd-DTPA-BMA patients. These reactions were related to the contrast media in 9.1%, 13.6% and 8.7% of the cases respectively. Their intensity was defined as mild in 8.4% of the patients in the Gd-DTPA group, in 13.6% of the patients in the Gd-DOTA group and in 8.3% of the patients in the Gd-DTPA-BMA group. No severe reaction or death were recorded. An injection-site reaction (heat, coldness, pain) has been observed in 43% of the cases although an adverse event other than local reactions (headache, dizziness, nausea) has been noticed in 57% of the cases. No significant statistical difference was observed between the groups. Gadodiamide is a safe and effective contrast agent in MRI of the CNS in comparison with Gd-DTPA and Gd-DOTA currently in routine use.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Compression of the subscapular nerve in the spino-glenoid tract by a synovial cyst].

We observed a case of synovial cyst in the shoulder joint leading to spino-glenoid symptomatology in a weight-lifter. Explorations included standard radiography, echography and magnetic resonance imaging. Differentiation between a true cyst and a pseudo-cyst was basedose presence of a synovial membrane. Mechanical contraints appear to be the most frequently suspected aetiology of spinoglenoid cysts. Echography cannot always confirm the liquid nature of the formation due to the close bone. Magnetic resonance imaging gives good tissue characterization and good topographic analysis. Gadolinium injection appears to be important for differential diagnosis with neurogenic tumours.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

[1,5 Tesla MRI in focal nodular hyperplasia. Review of the literature apropos of 7 cases].

Six patients with 7 focal nodular hyperplasia lesions were investigated with 1.5 Tesla magnetic resonance imagery (MRI). Surgical specimens were obtained in all cases and histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of focal nodular hyperplasia. In all cases, the tumour was isointense on the T1 weighted sequences. On the T2 weighted sequences in six cases, the tumour gave a hypersignal compared with the surrounding healthy liver tissue. Central scar tissue was found in all the lesions. On the T2 weighted images, the center gave a hypersignal 4 times and a hyposignal 3 times. Gadolinium injection on the echo gradient sequences (GRASS) showed product uptake suggestive of vessels within the central scar in one case. The report in the literature confirm the variability of focal nodular hyperplasia depending on the magnetic field used. In 1.5 Tesla MRI an isointense signal on at least one sequence would appear to be sufficient for the diagnosis of focal nodular dysplasia if the tumour is homogeneous and if the central scar is hyperintense in T2 sequences.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Chest wall invasion by bronchogenic carcinoma: evaluation with MR imaging.

The value of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and the roles of various pulse sequences and contrast medium enhancement in detection of chest wall invasion were evaluated in 34 patients with primary bronchogenic carcinoma. Results were correlated with clinical data and computed tomographic studies. MR imaging criteria of parietal invasion included signal intensity identical to that of the tumor on T1-weighted images, intraparietal hyperintense signal of the tumor on T2-weighted images, and intraparietal enhancement with T1-weighted imaging and gadoterate meglumine administration. Twenty patients had parietal involvement, and MR imaging was positive in 18 of the 20 (sensitivity, 90%). Two false-positive errors occurred among the 14 patients without parietal involvement (specificity, 86%). T2-weighted sequences had a sensitivity of 65% (11 of 17 cases). Contrast-enhanced and non-contrast-enhanced T1-weighted sequences had the same sensitivity, but contrast medium uptake was revealed in two patients without parietal involvement. Good spatial resolution appears to be the main factor for detection of parietal invasion.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Kaposi sarcoma of the lungs in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Thoracic radiography and scanning].

Twenty-four patients with AIDS presenting with Kaposi's sarcoma of the lung were retrospectively studied to assess the merits of thoracic radiographs and of CT for the diagnosis of this disease. Evidence for Kaposi's sarcoma of the lung was given by a characteristic fiberendoscopic appearance in 10 cases and by the histologic diagnosis in 14 cases. All patients had chest radiographs and 14 patients a concomitant thoracic CT study. Chest radiographs showed perihilar opacities in 18 patients, nodules in 8, mediastinal and/or hilar adenopathies in 2 and pleural effusion in 16. Comparison of the patients who had had thoracic radiographs and a CT scan showed better detection of adenopathies, described in 2 cases on chest radiographs and 7 on CT scans, and of nodules, detected in 5 cases on chest radiographs and 6 on CT scans. In 12 patients with perihilar opacities on thoracic radiographs, CT provided a better view of the peribronchovascular distribution of these opaque areas. In 1 patient, CT showed peribronchovascular thickening while radiographs were normal. In 1 patient, both examinations were normal. This study emphasizes the merits of thoracic radiographs and, even more, of CT for the diagnosis of Kaposi's sarcoma of the lung. Peribronchovascular thickening appears to be a characteristic sign that is well analyzed with computed tomography. Since histological evidence of Kaposi's sarcoma is rarely obtained because of the aggressive nature of biopsies in such patients, CT has an important role for the diagnosis of this condition.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1991

Microcystic adenoma of the pancreas: report on four cases and review of the literature.

Four cases of microcystic adenoma of the pancreas, including ultrasonographic (US) and computed tomographic (CT) data, are described. These tumors generally present as large, well-delimited pancreatic masses whose multicystic nature is readily evidenced on postcontrast CT scans. While the presence of cysts less than 2 cm in diameter and a central, star-like calcification are very specific, the frequency of atypical forms generally justifies exploratory surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Intraprostatic spiral for the treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy. A new method of insertion with sonographic monitoring. Apropos of 35 patients].

The treatment of subvesical obstruction with a spiral endoprostatic prosthesis is now well-known since Fabian's initial work (1980). A new method of insertion of the spiral with a releasable catheter and under sonographic monitoring has been proposed recently. This article is a report of a series of 35 patients. These patients presented with an adenoma of the prostate and were fitted with a permanent urethral catheter due to an absolute contraindication for anesthesia. The spiral was inserted with US monitoring in 25 patients. In 5 patients, the spiral had to be inserted under classical endoscopic control. The average follow-up period is 7.2 months. In 25 patients (75%), the spiral remained in place; the maximum flow rate of urine after the insertion averages 12.8 ml/s and 76% of these patients report an improvement of their comfort during urination. The position of the spiral had to be changed in 8 cases. No infectious complication was noted. Hematuric complications are reported in 2 cases. The spiral endoprostatic prosthesis seems to be an elegant alternative to the permanent catheter in patients at high anesthetic risk.

Aged↗