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Biomedical subjects

S Casswell

Publications and source records attributed to S Casswell.

63 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Attitudes of New Zealand general practitioners to alcohol-related problems.

The attitudes of a self-selected group of general practitioners indicated majority support for a traditional disease conception of alcoholism embodying abstinence as the goal of treatment. Separate attitudinal factors which emerged represented a modified disease conception, a moralistic attitude and a belief in a drinking-problem continuum. The general practitioners' attitude structure was significantly related with their practice and belief in the efficacy of giving advice to patients with alcohol-related problems.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1982

Alcohol use by Auckland high school students.

A survey of Auckland high school students asked questions about the use of alcohol and associated problems. Students classified as problem drinkers were more likely to have received their first drink from an older boy or girl, do more of their drinking in a car, hold attitudes more accepting of drunkenness and perceive their parents as either positive or very negative towards children's alcohol use. Among students who report their parents to have given specific guidelines for the use of alcohol a slightly smaller proportion were classified as problem drinkers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Doctors and alcohol. The responses of a self-selected group of general practitioners to patients with alcohol-related problems.

A postal survey of New Zealand general practitioners gathered information from a self-selected sample about their response to alcohol problems. Responses to a series of attitude statements measured the extent to which doctors held traditional beliefs about alcoholism as a disease, the management of which requires abstinence; emerging concepts of alcohol dependence and more moralistic attitudes. General practitioners who responded to the survey were found to be largely in sympathy with the disease concept of alcohol problems though some of the more recently emerging concepts were also widely accepted. The majority reported that they felt they did have an active role to play in connection with the alcohol problems of their patients, both in terms of treatment or advice giving, and referral to specialist agencies. Over half of the respondents requested guidelines for treatment and advice giving. Only a small proportion of general practitioners reported pessimism about their personal role in relation to their patients' alcohol problems. The results are discussed in the context of recent research evidence showing the relative efficacy of a structured advice-counseling session of the type in which general practitioners might engage.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1977

Recreational drug use among Auckland high school students.

The first large scale questionnaire survey of Auckland high school students demonstrated widespread use of alcohol, a slight drop in tobacco use relative to an earlier survey and almost one-third of the students prepared to take marihuana if the opportunity arose. The reasons given by the students for their regular use or abstention from various drugs are discussed in the context of pervasive drug use throughout New Zealand society and the drug information currently available to high school students.

Achievement↗
PubMed1977

Non-medical drug use in students.

A questionnaire was used with tertiary education students. This obtained information regarding the use of, and attitudes towards, various illicit drugs, tobacco and alcohol. The results demonstrate the almost universal acceptance among the samples of regular alcohol use. Tobacco and cannabis are the next most popular social drugs, used by about one-third of those surveyed. Respondents' reasons for regular use suggest wide acceptance of these drugs to alleviate psychological discomfort. Use of other illicit drugs remains minimal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Cannabis intoxication: effects of monetary incentive on performance, a controlled investigation of behavioural tolerance in moderate users of cannabis.

The study examined the effect of monetary incentive on the performance of five tasks after two heterogeneous groups of experienced users of cannabis and previously naive subjects had smoked placebo material and two dose levels of cannabis. The performance of the motivated subjects was compared with that of two non-motivated matched groups. Dose-related impairment was found on four of the five tasks, supporting previous findings of cannabis-induced impairment of short-term memory, goal-directed behavior and choice reaction times. Results for three of the tasks suggested that the performance of the motivated subjects was less affected by the drug than was the performance of the non-motivated subjects. There was no difference between the performance of subjects naive and experienced with respect to drug use.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Cannabis and temporal disintegration in experienced and naive subjects.

The effects of 3.3 and 6.6 milligrams of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol and of placebo on performance of three cognitive tasks were compared for naive subjects and experienced cannabis smokers. No differences in performance or reported subjective effects were found between these two groups. A significant decrement was found following dosage at both levels, replicating earlier findings of temporal disintegration during cannabis intoxication.

Attention↗