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Biomedical subjects

S Carr

Publications and source records attributed to S Carr.

87 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1972

Calcium-like action of phenethylbiguanide and related compounds: inhibition of pyruvate kinase.

Pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40) is inhibited by phenethylbiguanide. The kinetics of inhibition are competitive between biguanide and divalent, but not monovalent, metal cation activators of the enzyme; biguanide inhibition thus resembles inhibition by Ca(++). Alteration of either the polar or nonpolar portion of the phenethylbiguanide molecule quantitatively reduces its effectiveness as an inhibitor of pyruvate kinase, but the kinetics of inhibition remain qualitatively unchanged. Measurements of [(3)H]phenethylbiguanide binding to the enzyme indicate the presence of a single class of about 12 binding sites per enzyme molecule; binding characteristics are not significantly different in the presence of either monovalent or divalent metal cations. Studies with (45)Ca(++) and (54)Mn(++) demonstrate about 4 metal binding sites per enzyme molecule; phenethylbiguanide displaces these metal cations from the enzyme. Studies with several enzymes, dependent upon divalent metal cations, of both metal-bridge and substrate-bridge classes fail to show significant inhibition except at much higher phenethylbiguanide concentrations.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary endoluminal stenting of transplant renal artery stenosis from cadaver and non-heart-beating donor kidneys.

This study evaluated the efficacy of primary endovascular stenting in cases of transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) from cadaver and non-heart-beating donor kidneys. Patients with TRAS (n = 13) from a single-centre transplant population (n = 476) were treated by primary percutaneous angioplasty and endovascular stenting. The short-term efficacy of this intervention is demonstrated in terms of serum creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) biochemical, anti-hypertensive medications and mean arterial blood pressure control. Stenting for TRAS was performed in male (n = 10) and female (n = 3) recipients. The median age at transplantation was 55 yr (range 10-67 yr). Stenting occurred at a median duration of 410 d post-transplantation (range 84-5799 d). Mean serum creatinine (pre, 247 micromol/L; post, 214 micromol/L; p = 0.002), GFR (pre, 82.6 mL/min; post, 100.9 mL/min; p < 0.001), arterial blood pressure (pre, 104 mmHg; post, 97 mmHg; p = 0.036) and the number of anti-hypertensive medications required (pre, 3.4; post, 3.0; p = 0.002) showed significant improvement after post-endovascular therapy. There were no serious complications encountered. Primary endovascular stenting of TRAS produces a significant improvement in biochemical parameters of renal graft function and in blood pressure stability, with the benefit of low patient morbidity and single arterial puncture. Primary endoluminal stenting of TRAS is a safe and effective procedure for the treatment of TRAS.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A unique presentation of immuno-osseous dysplasia.

The immuno-osseous dysplasias are a rare group of conditions in which short-limbed dwarfism is associated with an immune defect. The best known of these is cartilage hair hypoplasia. However, several reports of other distinct conditions exist, which have been arbitrarily classified on the basis of the immune defect. We present a child with a previously unreported combination of immune and skeletal abnormalities in whom there was an unusual and distinctive skin appearance associated with defective cutaneous elastic fibers. These cutaneous features suggest a unifying link with other immuno-osseous dysplasia but the combination of immune and skeletal defects exposes weaknesses in the current method of classification.

Agammaglobulinemia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Iga nephropathy, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and crescentic glomerulonephritis in a patient with the Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome.

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome is an uncommon cause of renal dysfunction. Because of the risk of bleeding in this condition, few patients have undergone a renal biopsy. Renal dysfunction has been attributed to the deposition of ceroid pigment in the tubules and interstitial fibrosis. We report a case with renal biopsy findings of ceroid deposition and interstitial fibrosis, but also of mesangial IgA deposition, crescentic glomerulonephritis, and an interstitial lymphocytic infiltrate. Furthermore, perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies of the IgG subclass were detected in a blood sample. It is well known that ceroid pigment in this syndrome accumulates in monocytes, macrophages and T lymphocytes and it has been suggested that this may affect their function. We suggest that this novel combination of renal changes might be explained on the basis of alterations in immune mechanisms in the Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Silent night?

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Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Factors influencing the career selection of first-year dental hygiene students.

As dental hygiene programs experience declining enrollments, attention has focused on the need for effective recruitment strategies. One response to this need is to learn more about what influences dental hygiene students' career selections. This study examined the factors that were reported to have influenced the career selections of students newly enrolled in one baccalaureate dental hygiene program. Additionally, the students' levels of vocational identity were measured in order to determine if students with higher levels of vocational identity were influenced by different factors. The dental hygienist received the highest ranking by all students for being influential in the decision to select dental hygiene as a career. This supports earlier findings related to the importance of involving dental hygiene professionals in recruitment of future dental hygienists.

Adult↗