Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Carossa

Publications and source records attributed to S Carossa.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Effect of edentulism on spirometric tests.

The impact of denture wear in edentulous subjects while performing routine spirometric measurements has never been systematically investigated. We compared the values of FVC, FEV(1), PEFR, FEF(50%), FIV(1), and FIF(50%) recorded with and without dentures in three groups of edentulous subjects: 36 asymptomatic subjects with normal spirometry (N), 22 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and 18 with interstitial lung disease (ILD). In 14 subjects retropharyngeal space with and without dentures was assessed by cephalometry. Subjects with N and ILD had significantly lower airflow rates without dentures, whereas subjects with COPD had no significant difference in spirometric values recorded with or without dentures. The retropharyngeal space was significantly decreased by removing dentures (from 1.52 +/- 0.07 to 1.16 +/- 0.09 cm, SEM, p < 0.0001). These findings indicate that in edentulous subjects with a normal or restrictive pattern, the recording of flow-volume curves with or without dentures produces small but significant differences. Although such differences do not appear to have clinical significance, the fact that when dentures are used some respiratory flows are higher would favor the use of dentures in edentulous subjects during spirometric evaluation.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Correlation between edentulism, sleep disorders and arterial hypertension. Preliminary research].

BACKGROUND: Respiratory disturbances during sleep are considered risk factors for arterial hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Edentulism, by decreasing retro-pharyngeal space, may favor upper airway occlusion during sleep. Aim of the study is to evaluate whether edentulism is associated with greater prevalence of sleep disturbances, arterial hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. METHODS: Eighty edentulous subjects with dentures (removed during sleep) and 57 subjects with natural teeth, matched for age, underwent assessment of oral conditions and recording of questionnaires on diseases and respiratory sleep disturbances. RESULTS: Edentulous subjects had a significantly higher prevalence of arterial hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, than subjects with natural teeth. CONCLUSIONS: In edentulous subjects, removing dentures during sleep may favor respiratory disorders, and increase the risk for hypertension and cardiovascular disease.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[The influence of edentulism on spirometric values].

BACKGROUND: Aim of the paper is to study whether edentulism, by causing a decrease in size and tone of pharyngeal musculature, may affect spirometric measurements. METHODS: Spirometry was recorded with and without dentures in 58 edentulous subjects, 36 asymptomatic normal subjects (N) and 22 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In 10 subjects retropharyngeal space with and without dentures was assessed by cephalometry. RESULTS: In the N group, removing dentures produced a significant decrease in lung volumes and airflow rates, while in COPD patients it was ineffective. In both groups, retropharyngeal space was significantly decreased by removing dentures. CONCLUSIONS: Edentulism, by decreasing extrathoracic airway caliber, influences significantly spirometric measurements in normal subjects but not in those with COPD.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Bond between gold alloy and ceramic in relation to the thickness of the oxide layer.

BACKGROUND: The chemical bonding between metal and ceramic is aided by non-precious metal atoms and their oxides present on the metal surface. Aim of the study was to correlate metal-ceramic bonding with thickness oxide layer on a new gold alloy. METHODS: Thirty-two specimens were constructed in gold alloy and ceramic, with the aim of evaluating the degree (using shear test) and quality (using optical microscope) of bonding resistance between these materials, in relation to the thicknesses of the oxide layer produced on the metallic parts by means of different thermal procedures. RESULTS: Bond strength was practically the same with different thicknesses of the oxide layer. A slight reduction in the degree of bonding was observed in the non-oxidised models. CONCLUSIONS: For the gold-alloy here tested, the oxide layer seems to be not influent in the chemical metal-ceramic bond strength.

Ceramics↗
PubMed1998

All-ceramic restorations: an overview.

Advantages and disadvantages of metal-ceramic and all-ceramic restorations are reviewed particularly from the aesthetic point of view. All-ceramic restorations offer the best results because they let the light through optimally. In constructing all-ceramic crowns on teeth which have been endodontically treated, the material used to rebuild the pin-abutments must be taken into consideration if the best aesthetic results are to be achieved. Materials which, because of their translucent characteristics, are the most aesthetic alternatives to metal alloy pin-abutments in rebuilding teeth which have been endodontically treated, are then described.

Aluminum Silicates↗
PubMed1997

Effectiveness of the Michigan splint in reducing functional cervical disturbances: a preliminary study.

There is controversial evidence for a functional link between the masticatory apparatus and the cervical spine. The aim of this work was to perform a preliminary study to evaluate the effectiveness of the Michigan splint for the treatment of functional cervical disturbances. Forty patients with functional cervical disturbances were randomly organized into test and control groups. The patients in each group were examined by a physiologist to ascertain the extent of functional changes. The test group underwent splint therapy (Michigan type) during a two-month period. The other patients were sent home and did not receive active treatment. After two months, all patients were reassessed physiologically. Cervical pain and pain induced by epispinal or paraspinal pressure were reduced to a statistically significant extent in the treated group, compared with those in the control group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Oral conditions and aptitude to receive implants in patients with removable partial dentures: a cross-sectional study. part I. oral conditions.

The relationship between a removable partial denture (RPD) and damage caused to residual oral structures is the subject of on-going research. A group of patients wearing RPD, treated in the same way in the same department, were recalled to evaluate their oral hygiene and to compare the clinical condition of abutment teeth with that of non-abutment teeth. The study shows that most patients were unable to maintain high standards of oral hygiene. In the group of patients with non-optimal hygiene the clinical condition of abutment teeth was worse than that of non-abutment teeth. In the group of patients with optimal oral hygiene the condition of abutment teeth and non-abutment teeth was almost identical. To increase the standards of oral hygiene it is strongly advisable to recall and follow up patients on a regular basis.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

In vitro marginal adaptation of alumina porcelain ceramic crowns.

This study evaluated the dimensional stability during firing of In-Ceram alumina porcelain ceramic and examined the marginal fit for three different configurations of tooth preparation. A stereomicroscope was used to measure the space between the margin of restorations and tooth preparations. The three methods of tooth preparation were statistically compared and revealed suitable dimensional stability during the firing and glazing process. A better marginal fit was recorded for artificial crowns fabricated on a chamfer or 50-degree shoulder tooth preparation.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMed1993

[The evaluation of the efficacy of auxiliary retention in the preparation of partial crowns].

An extracted maxillary human premolar was prepared for 3/4 artificial crown. Ten models of the tooth were made and different combinations of auxiliary retentive components were prepared on each model: proximal and lingual grooves, pins and boxes. For each model an artificial crown was cast cemented to it, mechanically tested for retention and graphed. Pins proved more retentive than grooves, being the latter more retentive when placed asymmetrically more than in symmetrical positioning.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1993

[The incidence of craniomandibular disorders in patients with cervical dysfunctions. A clinico-statistical assessment].

The aim of this research was to measure the incidence of craniomandibular disorders in a group of patients with functional-type cervical alterations. The group consisted of 50 patients undergoing treatment for disorders of the cervical sectors of the spine. Each patient was subjected to a medical examination to investigate the presence of CMD signs or symptoms. From the data statistical analysis a higher percentage of cases with muscular and joint pain, limited mouth opening, deviation and deflection, were found in comparison with the percentage found among the general population. This demonstrates an overloading of the entire masticatory apparatus. Joint noise was less frequent, probably due to its exclusion from our sample of patients with arthrosis-type degenerative pathology.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Psychometric and psychofunctional studies of a group of patients with craniomandibular disorders].

The base myoelectric of masticatory muscles, and their response to stressor, was studied in a group of patients affected with craniomandibular disorders (CMD) and in a control group. Patients suffering from craniomandibular disorders were affected by at least two of these three groups of symptoms: 1) articular and/or muscular pain; 2) articular noise; 3) alteration of mandibular mobility. The psychofunctional investigation was as follows: in order to measure the base myoelectric activity of the masticatory muscles and their response to stress, the Myotron 222 two-channel electromyographs were used, so as to record the activity of four muscles contemporaneously. The research was conducted on the masseter and anterior fascia of the temporal muscles, which are the most readily accessible of the elevator muscles. A non-specific stressor (shot pistol) was administered to the subjects after the base myoelectric level had been established. These factors were evaluated on the electromyograms: base activity before the stressor; the shape of the response to the stressor; the recovery time after the stressor. The minimum activity before the stressor was usually measured as the minimum activity the subject was able to maintain for roughly one minute. The psychometric investigation used "Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory" (MMPI); this is a nonprojective personality test widely used in clinical psychology. The base level of myoelectric activity was higher in patients affected with craniomandibular disorders than in healthy patients, who generally had low initial values.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Clinical applicability of the radiographic method for determining the thickness of calcified crown tissues.

A previously developed radiologic method for determining the thickness of the mineralized crown tissues was applied clinically to 10 teeth diagnosed for extraction. The thickness of the mineralized crown tissues as measured radiographically was compared with that measured directly on the extracted tooth. A statistical analysis indicated accuracy of 4.46%, equivalent to an error of 0.12 mm.

Dental Cementum↗
PubMed1990

A graphic evaluation of the intermaxillary relationship before and after therapy with the Michigan splint.

The effect of the Michigan splint was evaluated graphically in a group of 19 patients. Gothic arch tracings were registered before and after a period of therapy of 4 months, and the two tracings were compared photographically. The position of the apex of the Gothic arch was displaced in most patients, while the shape of the arch was more regular in almost all patients. The validity of the use of the Michigan splint was confirmed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The unreliability of facial measurements in the determination of the vertical dimension of occlusion in edentulous patients.

The aim of this research was to test the reliability of skin markers in the determination of the V.D.O. in edentulous patients during prosthetic rehabilitation. Two resin baseplates were constructed: on the upper one a modified pin of the Central Bearing Point registration device was fixed with impression compound. The height of the pin could be altered by rotating the pin directly in the patient's mouth with a probe. Two lead spheres were inserted on the resin base-plate as bone markers, and two others were fixed to the skin as markers, one above (end of nose) and one below (point of chin) the oral commissure. Five lateral cephalometric radiographs were exposed for each patient, raising the V.D.O. by 1.2 mm on each occasion. Statistical analysis of measurements made on the resulting radiographs showed a very strong correlation between bone markers and pin position, whereas great variation and considerable differences were found between skin markers and bone as well as measurements.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Direct rebasing of temporary crowns in the fixed denture. An experimental assessment of the increase in heat at the pulp cavity level].

Self-curing resins are generally used to directly temporary prostheses on the crown abutments. This technique enables the operator to obtain a better marginal adaptation of the temporary prosthesis. The risk of such a procedure is the inflammation of the pulp due to the exothermic polymerization reaction of self-curing resins. The authors suggest experimentally evaluating the rate of thermic increase within the pulp cavity of an extracted tooth while directly relining a temporary crown.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed1990

[An evaluation of the signs and symptoms in patients with craniomandibular disorders correlated with the radiological pictures obtained by OLTP].

The study evaluated the frequency of noise, pain and alterations of mandibular movements in a group of 88 patients. Condylar position was also studied using OLTP X-ray images, and the presence of arthrotic lesions using multitomography. The condylar position was related to the presence of organic lesions at an articular level, and a higher frequency of the latter was found in anterior condylar displacements; the presence of condyles centered in the glenoid cavity on OLTP examination does not exclude the possibility of arthrotic lesions. Another important finding was the observation of a greater frequency of contralateral organic pathologies in posterior condylar displacements.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Extension bridges. A bibliographic evaluation and the clinical indications].

Extension bridges are a valid alternative to partial and implanted prostheses for the rehabilitation of small intercalary or distal lacunae. Following a critical review of published reports on the subject and the assessment of longitudinal studies, the authors examine the clinical parameters and technical procedures used to implement these prosthetic reconstructions.

Dental Abutments↗