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S C Peiper

Publications and source records attributed to S C Peiper.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Molecular cloning, expression, and chromosomal localization of a human gene encoding the CD33 myeloid differentiation antigen.

Monoclonal antibodies of the CD33 cluster group recognize a 67-kilodalton (Kd) protein, designated p67, expressed on the surface of normal human myeloid progenitors and leukemic cells from most patients with acute myelogenous leukemia. The human gene encoding p67 was isolated in a mouse genetic background after DNA-mediated gene transfer and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) for transformants that bound the monoclonal antibody MY9. After three serial rounds of gene transfer and cell sorting, multiple independently derived tertiary mouse cell transformants were obtained that expressed p67. Southern blot analysis revealed that these transformants shared restriction fragments containing highly reiterated human DNA sequences. Two shared EcoRI fragments of 3.3-kilobase (kb) and 9.5-kb pairs were molecularly cloned into bacteriophage vectors. A subsegment of the 3.3-kb fragment lacking repeated sequences was then used as a unique sequence probe to isolate two independent cosmid clones. Cells transfected with DNA from both cosmid clones bound MY9, and the human p67 protein was demonstrated by immunoprecipitation. NFS mice inoculated with a mouse cell transformant coexpressing p67 and the v-fms oncogene product produced antisera that specifically immunoprecipitated p67 from human leukemic cell lines, mouse cell transformants, and mouse cells transfected with the biologically active cosmid clones. The human p67 locus was previously assigned to chromosome 19 by screening a panel of rodent X human somatic cell hybrids with the unique sequence probe. The gene was sublocalized to the q13.3 region of chromosome 19 by in situ hybridization. RNA transcripts of approximately 1.6 kb and 1.4 kb were identified in polyadenylated RNA from human myeloid leukemia cell lines using a probe from the genomic locus. Manipulation of the cloned p67 gene may provide insight into the function of its product and mechanisms regulating its expression.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Expression of the human monocyte membrane antigen gp55 by murine fibroblasts after DNA-mediated gene transfer.

Human DNA sequences that contain the gene encoding gp55, a cell surface glycoprotein expressed exclusively on mature human monocytes and monocytic leukemia cells, were isolated in a mouse genetic background. DNA from mature human monocytes was cotransfected with DNA from a molecularly cloned feline sarcoma virus containing the v-fms oncogene into NIH-3T3 cells. Transformed mouse fibroblasts that expressed gp55, based on their reactivity with the MY4, B44.1, or LeuM3 monoclonal antibodies, were selected by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Regardless of which antibody was used for selection, equivalent binding of all three antibodies was observed for positive transformants. Secondary and tertiary mouse cell transformants were obtained after additional rounds of transfection and cell sorting with the use of DNA from primary and then secondary transformants. Southern blot analysis of the cellular DNA from two independently derived tertiary subclones revealed a limited complement of human sequences, thus indicating that the gene encoding gp55 is included in fewer than 50 kilobases of human DNA. Independently derived tertiary subclones displayed concordant patterns of reactivity with 13 monocyte-specific monoclonal antibodies, thus indicating that each recognized an epitope on the product (gp55) of a single human gene. The 55-kilodalton cell surface polypeptide was specifically immunoprecipitated with a representative monoclonal antibody, 26if, from lysates of enzymatically radioiodinated peripheral blood monocytes and tertiary transformants. We conclude that gp55 is highly immunogenic and that a large number of independently derived monoclonal antibodies specific for human monocytes react with epitopes on this one molecule.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Molecular cloning, expression, and chromosomal localization of the gene encoding a human myeloid membrane antigen (gp150).

DNA from a tertiary mouse cell transformant containing amplified human sequences encoding a human myeloid membrane glycoprotein, gp150, was used to construct a bacteriophage lambda library. A single recombinant phage containing 12 kilobases (kb) of human DNA was isolated, and molecular subclones were then used to isolate the complete gp150 gene from a human placental genomic DNA library. The intact gp150 gene, assembled from three recombinant phages, proved to be biologically active when transfected into NIH 3T3 cells. Molecular probes from the gp150 locus annealed with a 4.0-kb polyadenylated RNA transcript derived from human myeloid cell lines and from tertiary mouse cell transformants. The gp150 gene was assigned to human chromosome 15, and was subchromosomally localized to bands q25-26 by in situ hybridization. The chromosomal location of the gp150 gene coincides cytogenetically with the region assigned to the c-fes proto-oncogene, another human gene specifically expressed by myeloid cells.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1986

Amplification of genes encoding human myeloid membrane antigens after DNA-mediated gene transfer.

Spontaneous amplification of genes encoding two different human myeloid surface antigens was observed after DNA-mediated gene transfer of cellular DNA from the human myeloid cell line HL-60 into NIH-3T3 mouse fibroblasts. Transformed recipient cells with highly amplified expression of either of two donor membrane polypeptides, gp150 or p67, were isolated with a fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS), using monoclonal antibodies specific for human myeloid cells. Immunoprecipitation of enzymatically radioiodinated polypeptides from the surface of transformed NIH-3T3 cells confirmed that expression of these proteins was amplified tenfold to 20-fold in comparison to their expression on human myeloid cell lines. The cellular DNA of cloned secondary and tertiary transformants expressing high levels of gp150 and p67 contained amplified sets of DNA restriction fragments that hybridized with human repetitive DNA sequences. Cytogenetic analysis of subclones overexpressing gp150 revealed extrachromosomal double minutes (DMs), whose presence correlated with the unstable expression of the membrane polypeptide. Human sequences in gp150-positive clones did not localize to chromosomes, consistent with their association with extrachromosomal DMs. By contrast, p67-positive subclones stably expressed the antigen, and in situ hybridization to metaphase spreads demonstrated that amplified human DNA sequences were integrated into a specific marker chromosome. Cytogenetic analysis of the parental NIH-3T3 subclone used in these studies disclosed DMs in a low percentage of metaphases, suggesting that the recipient cells have a propensity for amplifying donor DNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Transfer and expression of the gene encoding a human myeloid membrane antigen (gp150).

DNA from the human myeloid cell line HL-60 was cotransfected with the cloned thymidine kinase (tk) gene of herpes simplex virus into tk-deficient mouse L cells. tk-positive recipients expressing antigens detected on HL-60 cells were isolated with a fluorescence-activated cell sorter by use of a panel of monoclonal antibodies that detect epitopes on both normal and malignant myeloid cells. Independently sorted populations of transformed mouse cells showed concordant reactivities with four of the monoclonal antibodies in the panel (DU-HL60-4, MY7, MCS.2, and SJ-D1), which suggested that these antibodies reacted to products of a single human gene. A second round of DNA transfection and cell sorting was performed with donor DNA from primary transformants. Two different dominant selection systems were used to isolate secondary mouse L cell and NIH/3T3 cell transformants that coexpressed the same epitopes. Analysis of cellular DNA from secondary mouse cell subclones with a probe specific for human repetitive DNA sequences revealed a minimal human DNA complement containing a characteristic set of restriction fragments common to independently derived subclones. Two glycoproteins, of 130,000 (gp130) and 150,000 (gp150) mol wt, were specifically immunoprecipitated from metabolically labeled lysates of mouse cell transformants and were shown to contain [35S]methionine-labeled tryptic peptides identical to those of analogous glycoproteins expressed in the donor human myeloid cell line. Kinetic and biochemical analyses established that gp130 is a precursor that differs in its carbohydrate moiety from gp150, the mature form of the glycoprotein detected on the cell surface. The isolation of human gene sequences encoding gp150 in a mouse cell genetic background provides the possibility of molecularly cloning the gene and represents a general strategy for isolating human genes encoding differentiation-specific cell surface antigens.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Auer rods in mature granulocytes: a unique morphologic feature of acute myelogenous leukemia with maturation.

The authors observed Auer rods in mature neutrophils, bands, and metamyelocytes in two children with AML with maturation (FAB M2). In order to determine if this rare finding was characteristic of AML M2, the authors reviewed the bone marrows and peripheral blood smears of 50 children with AML M2 and 50 children with other AML subtypes (FAB M1, M3, M4, and M5). They found Auer rods in mature neutrophils and band forms in 10 of 50 patients (20%) with AML M2 but in none of 50 patients with non-M2 AML. This finding was not related to the frequency of mature cells in the specimen or to the frequency of Auer rods in blasts. Cytogenetics did not show a consistent abnormality. The presence of Auer rods in mature granulocytes is unique to FAB M2 AML in the authors' series and supports the concept that in AML at least some of the mature myeloid cells are involved in the leukemic process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

A monoclonal antibody (SJ-9A4) to P24 present on common alls, neuroblastomas and platelets - I. Characterization and development of a unique radioimmunometric assay.

We report the development and characterization of SJ-9A4, a monoclonal antibody (MoAb) produced against common acute lymphoblastic leukemia (C-ALL) cell lines. SJ-9A4 reacted with C-ALL, B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), platelets and C-ALL neuroblastoma (NB) and the K562 cell lines. It had no significant reactivity with erythrocytes, granulocytes, circulating T or B lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytic cell lines or a Ewing's sarcoma cell line. SJ-9A4 was shown to recognize the same region as two other MoAb to the p24 antigen, BA-2 and DU-ALL-1, as demonstrated by their ability to inhibit the binding of labeled SJ-9A4 to NALM-1 and NB cells. Other MoAb: J5, PI 153/3 and monoclonal anti-HLA-DR antibodies gave no inhibition. A solid phase indirect radioimmunometric assay (IRA) was developed which enabled the detection of P24 from C-ALL cells, utilizing its ability to bind the Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA1) or wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and SJ-9A4 simultaneously. When BA-2 and DU-ALL-1 were used in place of SJ-9A4, similar IRA results were obtained. Using the RCA1/SJ-9A4-IRA, P24 from as few as 1.6 X 10(4) cells of a C-ALL cell line could be detected; however, similar extracts of NB cell lines were negative despite high levels of SJ-9A4 binding to intact cells. The presence of P24 in NB extracts was demonstrated by (1) preincubation of NB extracts with SJ-9A4 which blocked MoAb binding to P24 and (2) immunoadsorption of P24 from solubilized membranes of 35S-methionine (met) labeled NB cells. Treatment of NB cells with neuraminidase did not result in IRA binding when either RCA1 or WGA were used as the solid phase lectin indicating that the differences in lectin affinity are not due to over sialation of NB membrane glycoproteins. These findings demonstrate a difference in the glycosylation of P24 from C-ALL and NB cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1983

A monoclonal antibody (SJ-9A4) to P24 present on common alls, neuroblastomas and platelets - II. Characterization of P24 and shedding in vitro and in vivo.

The release of soluble P24 antigen into culture medium by common acute lymphoblastic leukemia (C-ALL) and neuroblastoma (NB) cell lines was studied. P24 release by C-ALL cells was detected using a solid phase indirect radioimmunometric assay (IRA) which combines the specificity of lectins and monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) and using immunoadsorption of labeled P24 in spent medium from cells incubated with 35S-methionine (met). No P24 was present in the medium of cells pulse labeled at 37 degrees C when they were placed at 4 degrees C, thus this is an active process. P24 release by NB cells could not be detected by IRA, but could be detected by immunoadsorption of spent medium of metabolically-labeled cells. The absence of IRA activity of P24 from NB spent medium was due to decreased glycosylation and thus no binding to the lectins employed in the IRA was observed. This was confirmed by lectin affinity chromatography which showed that P24 in the spent medium from C-ALL cells bound Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA1), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), concanavalin A (Con A), and lentil lectin (LcH), but not peanut agglutinin (PNA). P24 from NB cell spent medium did not bind to any of these lectins. The lectin affinity of P24 derived from lymphoblasts is consistent with the presence of N-linked oligosaccharide chains having N-acetyl glucosamine residues, a mannose core, and a terminal D-galactose. P24 from C-ALL cell spent medium was present in the 35-45% fraction of a saturated ammonium sulfate (SAS) partition of spent medium. The P24 antigen was detected in the fractionated plasma of five patients with C-ALL at the time of diagnosis and was undetectable when the patients had achieved a complete remission. Plasma from 2 patients with P24 negative ALL, normal human plasma, and normal human serum had no detectable activity.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1982

Determination of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase on bone marrow smears by immunoperoxidase.

Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) is a marker of lymphoblastic disorders. Previously, the technique for determining TdT on smears was by indirect immunofluorescence. An immunoperoxidase procedure for detecting TdT on smears is reported. Results are in a comparable range with the indirect immunofluorescent technique. As discussed in this paper, TdT by immunoperoxidase may offer certain advantages over the indirect immunofluorescent procedure.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1982

Ultrastructural comparison of Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

The ultrastructural features of Reed-Sternberg cells and reactive epithelioid histiocytes from patients with Hodgkin's disease were compared with those of large cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The cytoplasmic organelles of Reed-Sternberg cells were dissimilar to those of neoplastic large lymphocytes from follicular centre cell lymphomas, immunoblastic lymphomas, lymphoblastic lymphomas, and mycosis fungoides both in type and distribution. Reed-Sternberg cells could be distinguished from reactive epithelioid histiocytes; however, the cytoplasmic organization of the Reed-Sternberg cells bore a closer resemblance to these histiocytes than to the cells of the various large cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

Histiocytes↗
PubMed1982

Markers of cellular differentiation in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a heterogeneous entity that can be subcategorized on the basis of morphologic aspects, immunologic markers, membrane antigens, and enzymatic content of the blast forms. Subgroups corresponding to T-cell, pre-T-cell, pre-B-cell, and non-T-, non-B-lymphocyte derivations can be defined by immunologic markers, and the biologic differences are supported by the differential expression of membrane antigens and of nuclear, lysosomal, cytoplasmic, and membrane enzymes. These studies ease the diagnosis and characterization of ALL and enhance understanding of this disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Histiocytic sarcoma with a granuloma-like component occurring in a large colony of Sprague-Dawley rats.

Tumors from a large colony of over 2000 Sprague-Dawley rats were reviewed by a panel of pathologists under the auspices of Universities Associated for Research and Education in Pathology, In the course of this study, a distinct malignancy in 105 rats was segregated and given the name "histiocytic sarcoma." This report describes the histologic features and anatomic distribution of the tumor, along with its incidence by age and sex of the rat. The neoplasm is characterized by a spectrum of histologic patterns, one extreme resembling a sarcomatous process and the other a granulomatous process. The exact morphologic composition varied from animal to animal, as well as in tumors from the same animal. The sarcomatous pattern is composed of sheets of uniform cells, occasionally exhibiting phagocytosis. The granulomatous pattern contains epithelioid histiocytes, central areas of tumor necrosis surrounded by palisading cells, and multinucleate giant cells. The liver is the organ most commonly containing histiocytic sarcoma, both in animals with multiple tumors and in those with involvement of only one organ. Hepatic invasion is typified by expansion of the portal areas and infiltration of the sinusoids by tumor cells. The lung is the second most common site. The distribution of pulmonary tumors is bronchiolocentric and angiocentric. Other common sites included the lymph node and spleen, along with large soft tissue tumors of the mediastinum and retroperitoneum. Although occasional previous reports apparently have described a similar or identical neoplasm under varying names, no large group of tumors of this unique type in rats has been studied and characterized previously.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Immunoassay of circulating terminal transferase in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a new technique for diagnosis.

The measurement of circulating terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) antigen can be accomplished by the use of an ELISA immunoassay system. TdT was present in either peripheral or bone marrow plasma of five patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and absent from normal controls using ELISA. The assay was sensitive to a level of 20 ng/ml. The ALL patient values ranged from 160 ng/ml to 420 ng/ml. Use of ELISA for quantitation of TdT may have important diagnostic implications in patients with ALL.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1980

Ultrastructural organization of the Reed-Sternberg cell: its resemblance to cells of the monocyte-macrophage system.

A dichotomy exists in the characterizations of the histogenesis of Hodgkin's disease. The Reed-Sternberg cell has been shown to possess functional properties both of lymphocytes and of mononuclear phagocytes. The majority of ultrastructural studies support the lymphocytic origin although a conflicting report describes some features of "histiocytic" cells [9]. In our study of four cases of Hodgkin's disease, the Reed-Sternberg cells contained a well-developed Golgi, moderate numbers of free polyribosomes and smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum, variable numbers of lysosomes, lipid droplets, glycogen, fibrillar bodies, and irregular cytoplasmic processes. The number, size, and organization of cytoplasmic organelles are more consistent with a mononuclear phagocyte than a transformed lymphocyte and are similar to those seen in monoblastic leukemias. These findings support the concept of the derivation of the Reed-Sternberg cell from a monocyte-macrophage.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Sweat gland carcinoma with syringomatous features: a light microscopic and ultrastructural study.

A 76-year-old man presented with a 10-year history of a slowly enlarging lesion of his upper lip. An excisional biopsy revealed a diffusely infiltrating, well-differentiated, sweat gland carcinoma with syringomatous features. The ultrastructural characteristics corresponded to those described for benign syringoma and normal eccrine ducts. A review of the literature emphasized the extreme rarity of this lesion. Sweat gland carcinomas tend to have an indolent history but often manifest aggressive behavior at the time of clinical presentation. The preponderance of anaplastic lesions accounts for a generally unfavorable prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Intestinal dilatation associated with phenothiazine therapy: a case report and literature review.

The authors describe a fatal episode of intestinal dilatation associated with chlorpromazine therapy. A total of 26 similar cases associated with phenothiazine or tricyclic antidepressant therapy, including 9 fatalities, has been reported in the literature. The authors cite experimental evidence supporting this association. They emphasize the difficulty of recognizing this syndrome in the psychotic patient; careful evaluation is indicated in the constipated patient who exhibits vomiting, abdominal pain, distension, or tenderness.

Adult↗