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Biomedical subjects

S C Mitra

Publications and source records attributed to S C Mitra.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of cocaine on fetal kidney and bladder function.

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between the bladder cycle and urine output by the fetus and the effect of intrauterine exposure to cocaine on both. METHODS: Fetal hourly urine production rate and bladder cycle length were measured in two groups of pregnant women between 20 and 40 weeks of gestation. A control group of 59 normal pregnancies were examined longitudinally to establish reference ranges. A study group of 36 women with a history of cocaine abuse; urine was positive for cocaine only. They were examined once. The diameters of fetal bladder were measured to calculate bladder volume and hourly urine output. The bladder cycle was the time interval between two successive acts of voiding by the fetus. RESULTS: In the normal group, fetal hourly urine production had a positive linear correlation with the gestational age, with mean urine volume of 3.38 ml/h at 20 weeks and 48.36 ml/h at 40 weeks. The bladder cycle also had positive linear association with the advancing gestational age, with 26+/-4.76 min at 20 weeks and 65.2+/-14.85 min at 40 weeks. When compared with the corresponding gestational ages, the cocaine-exposed group showed a significant decrease (P < 0.0001) in the hourly urine production and the bladder cycle. There was significant correlation (r = 0.95, P < 0.001) between bladder cycle and hourly urine output in the control group, but not in the cocaine group. CONCLUSION: Cocaine decreases fetal urine output and bladder cycle.

Cocaine-Related Disorders↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Placental vessel morphometry in growth retardation and increased resistance of the umbilical artery Doppler flow.

OBJECTIVES: To study the tertiary-stem villi vessel lumen and wall thickness of placenta in pregnancy complicated with placental insufficiency and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), its correlation with the umbilical artery Doppler flow study, and compare with normal and non-IUGR pregnancies. METHODS: Placentas from 45 deliveries (between 28 and 38 weeks) were collected for morphometric study of the tertiary-stem villi vessels. Each pregnancy had clinical suspicion of IUGR and was confirmed by serial ultrasound biometry, HC/AC ratio, and had abnormal umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry (RI). Each placenta was weighed after trimming of the membrane and the cord. Sections of the placenta (4 micron) were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid-Schiff reagents. Tertiary-stem villi vessels were identified under a microscope (x40) and morphometric study was performed. Inner and outer circumferences (2.pi.r) were measured, radii (r) were calculated, and vessel wall thickness was determined (outer r - inner r). These findings were compared with the findings from 78 placentas from normal pregnancies (between 28-40 weeks) and 27 placentas from pregnancies with medical complications without IUGR (non-IUGR) and with normal Doppler velocimetry (between 33 and 38 weeks). RESULTS: Weight of placentas were significantly (P < 0.005) lower in IUGR than the normal and non-IUGR groups. The vessel wall thickness was significantly (P < 0.0001) increased in IUGR group (mean 21.17 +/- 3.16 micron [SD]) compared to normal and non-IUGR groups (mean 13.19 +/- 1.66 micron). With advancing gestational age, the thicknesses of vessel walls in all groups were significantly (P < 0.001) decreased. There was significant (P < 0.001) decrease in lumen circumference in the IUGR group (mean 173 +/- 31 micron) compared to normal and non-IUGR groups (mean 69 +/- 23 micron). Significant (P < 0.001) correlation was observed between the thickness of a vessel wall and the increase in Doppler RI. CONCLUSIONS: Pregnancies with growth retardation are associated with smaller placentas, increase in the thickness of tertiary-stem villi vessel wall, and decrease in lumen circumference. These changes are associated with an increase in the resistance index of the umbilical artery Doppler flow velocimetry.

Adult↗