Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S C Masin.
Two basic phenomenal properties of an achromatic transparent surface have so far been reported in the literature, namely, density and lightness. This paper provides experimental support for a new phenomenal variable, the visual thickness of a transparent surface. The more transparent is a surface, the less thick it appears.
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The Fuchs phenomenon (ie the perception of transparency when the object seen through transparency lies on a homogeneous background, and does not jut out from under the transparent layer) has been studied by the numerical-rating method in two experiments, with the use of achromatic colours. The results of the first experiment show that the degree of transparency depends on the difference in colour between the object and the background. The results of the second experiment suggest that the processes producing the phenomenon are different in nature from the processes producing the kind of transparency most frequently studied in which the object juts out from under the transparent layer.
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This note examines the theoretical study of perception presented by Eugenio Rignano, the Italian philosopher and editor of Scientia. Rignano's theory, which is structured around the concept of "affective tendency," is seen as a forerunner to the "New Look" theory of perception presented by Gardner Murphy. It is concluded that the case of Rignano and Murphy is another example strengthening Henle's thesis that the study of the history of psychology can help to avoid the conceptual errors of a previously stated theory.
Five psychophysical functions for visual density are obtained with the use of the magnitude-estimation method. Because of apparent rarefaction, a different psychophysical function ensues for each size of square used. It is found that apparent rarefaction is barely barely detectable for sides longer than 10-15 cm (6-9 deg). It is also found that apparent rarefaction occurs to the greatest extent when short interlinear spacings are used.
Using the magnitude estimation and production methods, the psychophysical function for very, very short visual extents was shown to be a straight line. The argument is made that the linearity of the psychophysical function is independent of past experience. Such a linear relation to plausibly due to the linearity of the transformation, through perceptual constancy, of the physical extents into apparent extents.