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Biomedical subjects

S C Curtin

Publications and source records attributed to S C Curtin.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Changes in indications for cesarean delivery: United States, 1985 and 1994.

OBJECTIVES: The percentages of cesarean deliveries attributable to specific indications (breech, dystocia, fetal distress, and elective repeat cesarean) were computed for 1985 and 1994. METHODS: Data were derived from the 1985 and 1994 National Hospital Discharge Surveys. RESULTS: Dystocia was the leading indication for cesarean delivery in both years. In comparison with 1985, cesareans performed in 1994 that were attributable to dystocia and breech presentation increased, those attributable to fetal distress did not change significantly, and elective repeat cesareans declined. CONCLUSIONS: Studying indications for cesareans can be useful for hospitals, clinicians, and researchers in determining strategies to lower primary and repeat cesarean rates.

Breech Presentation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Recent changes in birth attendant, place of birth, and the use of obstetric interventions, United States, 1989-1997.

Although more than nine out of every ten births are attended by physicians, the percent of births attended by midwives increased during the 1989 to 1997 period and accounted for 7% of all births in 1997. About 99% of births in 1997 were in hospitals, basically unchanged from 1989, but the percent of out-of-hospital births that occurred in residences increased over the period, while those in freestanding birthing centers declined. The percent of mothers receiving electronic fetal monitoring, ultrasound, and induction and stimulation of labor increased. The most dramatic increase was a doubling of the use of induction. In 1997, approximately 18% of all births were induced. Midwives as well as physicians increased the use of these obstetric procedures over the 1989 to 1997 period, and the use of many procedures by CNMs was as high, or nearly as high, as use by physicians. The rate of cesarean births dropped by 9%, from about 23% in 1989 to about 21% in 1997, while the rate of vaginal birth after a previous cesarean increased by 50%. The proportion of births assisted by forceps consistently declined during the period, while the use of vacuum extraction consistently increased. The number of episiotomies performed in the United States declined each year during the 1990-1996 period.

Birthing Centers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Recent trends in teen births in the United States.

Teenage births and birth rates have dropped steadily during the 1990s. Overall, the teen birth rate declined 15 percent between 1991 and 1997. The trend in the 1990s reverses a period of steep increases from 1986 to 1991. Despite the recent declines, the teen birth rate in 1997 is still higher than rates in the mid 1980s when they were at an all-time low (50-51 per 1,000). In general, teen birth rates have declined more for younger teenagers (15-17 years) than for older teens (18-19 years). Among all race and ethnic groups, black teenagers have experienced the greatest declines in childbearing during the 1990s. From 1991 to 1997, the rate for black teens 15-19 years dropped 23 percent to the lowest level on record. A particularly noteworthy finding is that the birth rate for second births to all teenagers who have had a first birth (repeat childbearing) declined by 21 percent between 1991 and 1996. Despite the recent decline in teen births and birth rates, a growing number and proportion are to unmarried teens. Most teenagers giving birth in the 1990s are not married--78 percent overall in 1997. Teenage childbearing has important social and health consequences for the teenage mother herself and for her baby. Most teen births are unintended, the educational attainment of teen mothers is limited, teen mothers are less likely to receive timely prenatal care, and teens are more likely to smoke during pregnancy than are older women. As a consequence of these and other factors, babies born to teen mothers are at greater risk of preterm delivery and low birthweight. Teen pregnancy prevention has become a major focus of attention over the past several years, contributing to a wide variety of initiatives and strategies at the national, state and community level.

Adolescent↗