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Biomedical subjects

S Burke

Publications and source records attributed to S Burke.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Endoscopic band ligation for treatment of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

An endoscopic band ligation method was successful in achieving hemostasis in two patients who had severe coagulopathy and profuse gastrointestinal bleeding from a visible vessel in the stomach. Bleeding was not controlled by multiple epinephrine injections or BICAP electrocoagulation. The technique of band ligation was easy to perform and may provide an alternative treatment for non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding in selected cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Importance of central noradrenergic and serotonergic pathways in the cardiovascular actions of rilmenidine and clonidine.

We examined the role of central monoamine neurotransmitters noradrenaline and serotonin in the cardiovascular actions of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist rilmenidine in the conscious rabbit and compared it to clonidine. Rilmenidine and clonidine were equieffective in producing a maximum 24% reduction in blood pressure and heart rate when given intracisternally (i.c.), but rilmenidine was approximately 20-30 times less potent than clonidine. The effective i.c. doses of both drugs were 25-30 times lower than those required peripherally (i.v.). Comparison of the time course of an equieffective dose of rilmenidine and clonidine showed that the time to reach maximum effect was 10 min for both drugs but time to recovery was greater for rilmenidine (2.5-3 h vs. 1.5 h for clonidine). Destruction of central noradrenergic neuron pathways with i.c. 6-hydroxydopamine attenuated the hypotensive and bradycardic actions of both rilmenidine and clonidine at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after treatment. The maximum observed attenuation of the hypotension was at 8 weeks (40% of control for rilmenidine and 29% for clonidine), while for the bradycardia this was at 2 weeks (9 and 2% of control, respectively) with some recovery by 8 weeks (29 and 50% of control). Destruction of the central serotonergic neurons with i.c. 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine also attenuated the hypotension and bradycardia to rilmenidine and clonidine but was slower in onset, needing the full 8 weeks to reach its maximum effect. At this time the hypotension and bradycardia to rilmenidine and clonidine were reduced to between 35 and 48% of control.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

5,6-Dihydroxytryptamine↗
PubMed1991

The beneficial effect of lys-plasminogen upon the thrombolytic efficacy of urokinase in a dog model of peripheral arterial thrombosis.

The efficacy of thrombolytic therapy may be limited by local availability of plasminogen near a poorly perfused thrombus. The purpose of this study was to determine if the local (i.e., clot site) administration of 0.5 mg glu-plasminogen (glu-plg) or 0.5 mg lysplasminogen (lys-plg) could safely increase the thrombolytic efficacy of a 30-min intraarterial injection of 3,500 U kg-1 of two-chain urokinase plasminogen activator (UK) in a dog model of arterial thrombosis. Thrombolysis was measured by monitoring the continuous decrement of 125I-gamma emissions from a radiolabeled thrombus. Reflow was evaluated by a distally placed flowmeter and by direct visual examination. Forty-two dogs (mean weight 10.1 +/- 1.9 kg) were randomly sorted into six groups of 7 each. The dogs in each group were given either saline plus saline (group 1), saline plus UK (group 2), glu-plg plus saline (group 3), glu-plg plus UK (group 4), lys-plg plus saline (group 5), or lys-plg plus UK (group 6) by selective arterial catheterization 60 min after formation of an occlusive thrombus. Ninety minutes following drug administration, all groups which received UK (groups 2, 4, and 6) showed greater lysis (p less than 0.05) than the groups which received only saline or either glu- or lys-plg plus saline. Group 6, which received lys-plg plus UK, showed significantly greater lysis (34 +/- 4%) than both group 2 (23 +/- 2%), which received saline plus UK, and group 4 (19 +/- 3%), which received glu-plg plus UK (p less than 0.05). All dogs (7/7) in group 6 had reflow at 90 min whereas only 3/7 dogs had reflow in both groups 2 and 4.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Pulmonary allescheriasis: report of a case from Ontario, Canada.

A case of pulmonary allescheriasis in a 53-year-old woman residing in London, Ontario, Canada, is described. This patient entered the hospital complaining of dyspnea, a productive cough, and pains in the neck and left shoulder. Roentgenograms of the chest revealed a large cavity in the upper lobe of the right lung, and xerograms showed an intracavitary mycetoma. Monosporium apiospermum, the imperfect form of the fungus Allescheria boydii, was grown from her sputum and from the mycetoma as well. Treatment with amphotericin B had no effect on the infection, and the upper lobe of the right lung was resected. The cough cleared completely and the patient made an excellent recovery. This case of pulmonary allescheriasis once again emphasizes that the most satisfactory form of treatment available at present for this mycosis is surgical excision of the infected area.

Female↗