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S Burgess

Publications and source records attributed to S Burgess.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Web-based resources for clinical protocol management.

The data monitoring regulatory procedures, and administrative tasks associated with protocol management have become increasingly complex. Relational database technology and Internet-based connectivity offer resources to improve the quality and efficiency of protocol operations. At Fox Chase Cancer Center, we have developed a suite of database applications for protocol management and tracking of patient accrual. All data transactions and reporting occur through a graphical web browser interface using standard Internet technology. Security and confidentiality have been addressed through encryption, user authentication, address restriction, and database authority. Database management has been tightly integrated with protocol operations to avoid duplication of resources and effort. Data query functions also extend to other institutional resources, such as tumor registry and the hospital clinical laboratory, to further reduce the need for redundant data storage. Newer components, such as chemotherapy orders and toxicity reporting, have been incorporated in a modular fashion. Although custom software development can be expensive and time-consuming, it offers the best opportunity for successful integration with existing resources, staff, and procedures, as well as collaboration with other institutions.

Clinical Protocols↗
PubMed1997

The influence of a small insert, in the footbed of a shoe, upon plantar pressure distribution.

INTRODUCTION:: A recent development in plantar pressure distribution research, has been the study of the effects of sensory input on pressure distribution. It has been suggested that proprioceptive and exteroceptive information received from the plantar surface of the foot plays an important role in adapting to high pressures in shoes. Robbins and Gouw (1991) suggested that surface irregularities should be added to the insoles of running shoes to gain correct sensory input. Hayda et al. (1994) found that placing a pad proximal to the metatarsal heads produced significant reductions in forefoot plantar pressures around the first and second metatarsal heads. A development by Villeneuve (1993), 'La Posteropodle', utilized a small insert to maintain postural equilibrium, by stimulating the mechanoreceptors in the plantar surface of the foot. The aim of this study was to measure changes in plantar pressure distribution using a small circular insert. METHODS:: Ten non-pathological male subjects were tested whilst walking, after one day of wearing a pair of oxfords (hard) and running shoes (soft), containing an insert of 4 mm in height placed on a 0.8 mm EVA insole. The foot was split into five sections: (1) midfoot, (2) first metatarsal head, (3) 2nd and 3rd metatarsal heads, (4) 4th and 5th metatarsal heads, (5) the phalanges. A PEDAR system (Novel GmbH) was used to collect in-shoe plantar pressure data, with data collections at the beginning and end of a working day. Subjects were tested under two conditions: (1) the insert 5 mm proximal to the metatarsal heads, between the 2nd and 3rd heads, (2) a control, with no insert. RESULTS:: Preliminary results indicate that whilst wearing a hard shoe the insert had the effect of shifting peak pressures from the first metatarsal head, to the area of the second and third metatarsal heads. Peak pressures were found to be lower with the insert present. This has not yet been tested for significance. With the running shoe there appeared to be no significant differences between conditions with and without the insert. There were also no differences between the beginning and end of the day, for both shoe types. DISCUSSION:: From the results it appears that the insert is successful in both shifting peak pressures from the medial to the lateral forefoot, whilst reducing peak pressures simultaneously. This was only evident in the hard shoe condition however, suggesting that the footbed of the running shoe was perhaps too soft to allow the insert to influence sensory input sufficiently. These findings indicate that there may be implications for the use of small orthotics. Further study is required, however, to fully substantiate this hypothesis.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1997

In vitro and in vivo gene delivery mediated by a synthetic polycationic amino polymer.

A synthetic polyamino polymer with a glucose backbone was used for gene transfer in vitro and in vivo. Gene transfer in vitro to various human carcinoma cell lines was achieved with an efficiency superior to a commercially available cationic liposome preparation. The polymer was resistant to inhibition by serum, which allowed for efficient gene transfer in vivo. Direct Intracranial tumor injection using this reagent resulted in reporter gene expression levels comparable to those achieved by a recombinant adenoviral vector. Thus, this compound represents a new class of agent that may have broad utility for gene transfer and gene therapy applications.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Neutralizing IGF-1 monoclonal antibody with cross-species reactivity.

We report the generation of a murine IGF-1 monoclonal antibody designated 35I17, which exhibits unique cross-species reactivity. The antibody recognizes recombinant human and rat IGF-1 in ELISA, Western blots, and in an 125I-recombinant human IGF-1 Scintillation Proximity Assay. In addition, 35I17 blocks cell proliferation induced by recombinant human and rat IGF-1, and inhibits cell proliferation induced by sera from human, rat, calf, dog, goat, or mouse. The antibody inhibits rat IGF-1 binding to IGF-1 receptors, and prevents IGF-1-stimulated receptor and IRS-1 phosphorylation in LISN C4 cells, an IGF-1 receptor-transfected cell line. The cross-species and neutralizing properties of 35I17 may be useful in in vitro and in vivo animal studies for elucidating the role of IGF-1 in cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and other diseases.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1997

Delayed in vitro fertilization of zebrafish eggs in Hank's saline containing bovine serum albumin.

In zebrafish it is possible to create viable diploid fish whose genomic DNA is derived only from the female parent (parthenogenesis) or, as was more recently shown, only from the male (androgenesis). Androgenesis requires holding zebrafish eggs in an inactivated state in vitro for an hour or more. Previously this was achieved by placing the zebrafish eggs in ovary fluid obtained from rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) or coho salmon (Onchorhynchus kisutch). Here we report that adding bovine serum albumin (BSA) to Hank's buffered saline prevents zebrafish egg activation in vitro. Of the zebrafish eggs placed in Hank's saline plus 0.5% BSA, 85% +/- 8.7% were fertilizable after incubation for one hour at room temperature (23 degrees C). Longer incubations are possible but with lower efficiency of fertilization. This technique not only could facilitate androgenesis, but also might be useful when making transgenics by microinjection, when performing antibody or RNA injections before fertilization, or for studying the mechanisms of egg activation in zebrafish.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Synthesis and physical properties of anti-HIV antisense oligonucleotides bearing terminal lipophilic groups.

A number of phosphoramidite monomers have been prepared and used in the synthesis of antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotides bearing 5'-polyalkyl and cholesterol moieties. Similar groups have also been attached to the 3'-end of oligonucleotides by means of functionalised CPG. Melting temperatures of duplexes formed between phosphorothioate oligonucleotides with lipophilic end-groups and complementary DNA strands were found to be identical to those formed by the equivalent unmodified phosphorothioates.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Regulation of the maize HRGP gene expression by ethylene and wounding. mRNA accumulation and qualitative expression analysis of the promoter by microprojectile bombardment.

The expression of the maize gene coding for a hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein (HRGP) has been studied by measuring the mRNA accumulation after wounding or ethylene treatment. RNA blot and in situ hybridization techniques have been used. The temporal and tissue-specific expression has been observed: the cells related to the vascular system show the more intense HRGP mRNA accumulation. Transcriptional constructions of the maize HRGP promoter have been tested on different maize tissues by microbombarding. A 582 bp promoter is able to direct the expression of the gus gene on calli and young leaves. Constructions having shorter promoter sequences lose this ability. The 582 bp construction retains the general specificity of expression observed for the HRGP gene.

Ethylenes↗
PubMed1991

Expression of GATA-binding proteins during embryonic development in Xenopus laevis.

Proteins that recognize the core sequence GATA are important regulators of hematopoietic-specific gene transcription. We have characterized cDNAs encoding the Xenopus laevis homologues of three related transcription factors, designated GATA-1, -2, and -3. Comparative sequence analysis reveals strong conservation of the zinc-finger DNA-binding domain among all vertebrate GATA-binding proteins. GATA-2 and GATA-3 polypeptides are homologous throughout their entire sequences, whereas GATA-1 sequence is conserved only in the region responsible for DNA binding. In Xenopus, RNAs encoding GATA-binding proteins are expressed in both larval and adult erythroid cells. GATA-1, -2, and -3 RNAs are first detectable in early gastrula (Nieuwkoop developmental stage 11). This is earlier than the appearance of the early larval alpha T1 globin RNA (stage 15), beta T1 globin RNA (stage 26), or blood island formation (stage 30). The expression of GATA-1, -2, and -3 in early development may signal an early commitment of mesoderm to form hematopoietic tissue.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

A putative ATP binding protein influences the fidelity of branchpoint recognition in yeast splicing.

We previously described a dominant suppressor of the splicing defect conferred by an A----C intron branchpoint mutation in S. cerevisiae. Suppression occurs by increasing the frequency with which the mutant branchpoint is utilized. We have now cloned the genomic region encoding the prp16-1 suppressor function and have demonstrated that PRP16 is essential for viability. A 1071 amino acid open reading frame contains sequence motifs characteristic of an NTP binding fold and further similarities to a superfamily of proteins that includes members with demonstrated RNA-dependent ATPase activity. A single nucleotide change necessary to confer the prp16-1 suppressor phenotype results in a Tyr----Asp substitution near the "A site" consensus for NTP binding proteins. We propose that PRP16 is an excellent candidate for mediating one of the many ATP-requiring steps of spliceosome assembly and that accuracy of branchpoint recognition may be coupled to ATP binding and/or hydrolysis.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1990

The major human erythroid DNA-binding protein (GF-1): primary sequence and localization of the gene to the X chromosome.

Genes expressed in erythroid cells contain binding sites for a cell-specific nuclear factor, GF-1 (NF-E1, Eryf 1), believed to be an important transcriptional regulator. Previously we characterized murine GF-1 as a 413-amino acid polypeptide containing two cysteine-cysteine regions reminiscent of zinc-finger DNA-binding domains. By cross-hybridization to the finger domain of murine GF-1 we have isolated cDNA encoding the human homolog. Peptide sequencing of purified human GF-1 confirmed the authenticity of the human cDNA. The predicted primary sequence of human GF-1 is highly similar to that of murine GF-1, particularly in the DNA-binding region. Although the DNA-binding domains of human, murine, and chicken proteins are remarkably conserved, the mammalian polypeptides are strikingly divergent from the avian counterpart in other regions, most likely those responsible for transcriptional activation. By hybridization to panels of human-rodent DNAs we have assigned the human GF-1 locus to Xp21-11. The localization of the gene to the X chromosome has important implications for hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin syndromes unlinked to the beta-globin cluster and for genetic experiments designed to test the role of the factor in erythroid cell gene expression.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Infective respiratory exacerbations in young adults with cystic fibrosis: role of viruses and atypical microorganisms.

Thirty six adults with cystic fibrosis were studied over one year to determine the incidence of infection with respiratory viruses and atypical organisms. Nineteen patients entered the study during an acute exacerbation of respiratory symptoms with an increase in purulent sputum production, cough, or breathlessness accompanied by a fall in FEV1 (group 1); 17 patients entered when they were stable both clinically and in terms of lung function values (group 2). Group 1 patients had a mean of 2.6 (range 1-4) infective exacerbations during the year and group 2 patients a mean of 1.1 (0-2) exacerbations. Eleven patients developed serological evidence of viral (influenza virus A and B, cytomegalovirus, human rhinovirus 2, adenovirus) or Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. There was no difference in seroconversion rates between group 1 (five patients) and group 2 (six patients). There was a weak association between viral seroconversion and the isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from sputum, though this was not significant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Postsynaptic densities contain a subtype of protein kinase C.

Protein kinase C or an isoenzyme thereof appears to be a significant component of postsynaptic densities (PSDs) from rat brain. This cytoskeletal organelle binds 4 beta-phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) with a Bmax of about 20 pmol/mg protein and an apparent Kd of 3.3 nM. Ca2+ and phosphatidyl serine (PS) stimulated the endogenous phosphorylation of a subset of PSD polypeptides with Mr values between 16,000 and 22,000. Finally, a monospecific protein kinase C antibody reacted with a Mr 70,000 PSD polypeptide which migrated on SDS-PAGE slightly ahead of the Mr 77,000 purified enzyme. These data suggest that protein kinase C or a similar enzyme can be integrated into a cytoskeletal system and may play an important role in postsynaptic function.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Assignment of the human acid alpha-glucosidase gene (alphaGLU) to chromosome 17 using somatic cell hybrids.

Hybrid clones (MOGs) were made between the mouse line RAG and a primary fibroblast line from an individual of the rare alphaGLU 2 phenotype. Fifteen independent primary clones and 32 subclones were tested for the presence of human alphaGLU after separation of the human and rodent enzymes by starch gel electrophoresis. Twenty-three other human-mouse hybrids from six different crosses were analysed for the presence of human alphaGLU by exploiting a difference in the thermostability of the human and mouse enzymes. The hybrids were also analysed for up to 25 other enzymes which were used as markers for different human chromosomes. Two of the MOG hybrids were karyotyped and karyotype data were already available for a number of the other hybrids. The combined results demonstrate that alphaGLU is located on chromosome 17, and probably on 17q.

Animals↗