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Biomedical subjects

S Bruno

Publications and source records attributed to S Bruno.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Bis-diketopiperazine derivatives in clinical oncology: ICRF-159.

ICRF-159 is a bis-diketopiperazine derivative active in a variety of preclinical animal tumor models. Because of its poor solubility characteristics, the drug must be given p.o. However, when given by this route at high doses, poor bioavailability was noted. Two interesting preclinical properties of this agent are its antimetastatic effect and the ability to reduce anthracycline cardiotoxicity. Phase I studies have delineated myelosuppression as the major toxicity with GI toxicity also occurring. In phase II studies, interesting activity has been noted in lymphomas and head and neck carcinomas. When ICRF-159 was combined with radiotherapy, prolonged responses were noted in sarcoma and lung carcinoma in small numbers of patients. Further studies are indicated in areas of activity as a single agent and as a potentiator of radiation therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Relationship of prior hormonal therapy to subsequent estramustine phosphate treatment in advanced prostatic cancer.

The relationship of prior hormonal therapy to subsequent response on estramustine phosphate (Estracyt) was examined in 107 patients with advanced prostatic cancer treated in two different Phase II chemotherapy trials. In both trials patients with the longest prior hormonal treatment were the least likely to respond to estramustine phosphate. Patients in the series from the National Prostatic Cancer Project with a response classification to prior hormonal therapy had only a 26 per cent response to subsequent estramustine phosphate therapy, whereas 40 per cent of those with no prior response to hormonal therapy responded to estramustine phosphate. This latter group had the shortest average disease duration from diagnosis. The sample of prostate cancers studied appeared to include groups that were sensitive to both hormones and cytotoxic activity as well as to either of these two alone. These data support the contention that estramustine phosphate may act both as an estrogenic and a cytotoxic agent.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical trials with antiemetic agents in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.

Vomiting accompanied by nausea is a serious acute toxicity which occurs after chemotherapy with virtually every class of cancer chemotherapeutic agents. The inability to adequately alleviate this toxicity may lead to serious complications such as general malaise, weight loss, and electrolyte imbalance. We have reviewed 34 studies in which more than 2200 cancer patients were administered 25 different antiemetics for treatment of chemotherapy-induced vomiting. All patients received a variety of cancer chemotherapeutic agents given either as single agents or in combination. The antiemetic agents included phenothiazines, antihistamines, anticholinergics, benzoquinolizines, barbiturates, butyrophenones, procainamides, cannabinoids, steroids, and benzodiazepines. It is apparent from these studies that the use of conventional antiemetic agents for treating cancer chemotherapy-induced vomiting is of marginal value, and the use of investigational antiemetic agents show conflicting results as to efficacy. More quantitative measures for evaluating emesis need to be defined, and the implications that a particular antiemetic therapy may be efficacious for some but not all classes of cancer chemotherapeutic agents need to be evaluated.

Antiemetics↗