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Biomedical subjects

S Brown

Publications and source records attributed to S Brown.

At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The sensitivity of opioid receptor types to regulation by sodium and GTP.

The effects of Na+ and GTP on agonist binding to mu, delta, and kappa opioid binding sites in membranes from guinea pig cortex have been studied. All incubations were in a modified Krebs-Hepes buffer at 37 degrees; effects of Na+ were evaluated by replacement with an equal concentration of K+. mu binding sites appeared more sensitive than delta sites, while kappa sites were the least sensitive to both regulators. However, even at kappa sites, Na+ induced a significant reduction in agonist affinity and GTP caused a significant reduction in maximum binding.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Disk diffusion testing, quality control guidelines, and antimicrobial spectrum of HR810, a fourth-generation cephalosporin, in clinical microbiology laboratories.

HR810 is a new, very broad-spectrum cephalosporin with significant activity against members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonads, gram-positive cocci, and anaerobes that is generally greater than the third-generation cephalosporins (99.6% of 4,128 clinical facultative enteric isolates were inhibited by less than or equal to 8.0 micrograms of HR810 per ml). Tests and statistical methods to establish in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility test criteria favor tentative breakpoints of greater than or equal to 18 mm (less than or equal to 8.0 micrograms/ml) as susceptible and less than or equal to 14 mm (greater than or equal to 32 micrograms/ml) as resistant. This provides a 93.7 to 98.3% absolute interpretive accuracy. Several preliminary ranges for zone sizes obtained with quality control organisms are proposed for the 30-micrograms HR810 disk diffusion test used during the clinical trials.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1984

Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric determination of aluminum in serum with a new technique for protein precipitation.

We have studied the electrothermal atomic absorption measurement of aluminum in serum samples by direct analysis with standard additions and the use of a matrix modifier. We have also measured aluminum by analysis of the supernate after pretreatment of serum with concentrated nitric acid to precipitate proteins, and have compared the results obtained by these two techniques. Both appear to eliminate interferences arising from the serum matrix. We quantified the aluminum by utilizing a stabilized temperature (L'vov) platform. Within-run precision (CV) for the standard-additions method was 16.6% (means = 6.5 micrograms/L) and 6.0% (means = 86.8 micrograms/L) and for the protein precipitation method was 10.1% (means = 10.9 micrograms/L) and 4.2% (means = 88.5 micrograms/L). Linearity of the standard curve extended from 0 to 120 micrograms/L for the standard-additions method and from 0 to 100 micrograms/L for the protein precipitation method. Samples from 38 patients were analyzed by both techniques, and linear regression analysis yielded the equation y (protein precipitation) = 1.02 X (standard additions) + 2.04.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1984

Expert witness.

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Expert Testimony↗
PubMed1983

Anorexia nervosa.

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Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Monoclonal antibody UJ 127:11 detects a 220,000-240,000 kdal. glycoprotein present on a sub-set of neuroectodermally derived cells.

The monoclonal antibody UJ 127-11 was raised following immunization of mice with human foetal brain and subsequent somatic cell hybridization of spleen cells with the mouse myeloma cell line P3-X63-Ag8-653. Studies on normal foetal and adult tissues show that, by indirect immunofluorescence, the antigen recognized by UJ 127:11 is restricted in its expression to cells of neural rather than glial origin. Neural tumours such as neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma and ganglioglioma (neural component) bind the monoclonal antibody whereas malignancies originating from glial cells do not bind UJ 127:11. Biochemically the monoclonal antibody has been shown to bind to a glycoprotein of 220,000-240,000 mol. wt. under reducing and non-reducing conditions. Despite similarities in the molecular weight between human fibronectin and the antigen recognized by UJ 127:11, they have different serological and biochemical characteristics, suggesting that the monoclonal antibody is not binding to either cell or plasma fibronectin.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Spontaneous anastomosis of the esophagus in esophageal atresia.

An operative technique is described for the management of babies with esophageal atresia, where primary anastomosis is either impossible or unsuccessful. The procedure has been performed on six patients. One infant subsequently required resection of a resultant stricture, and one developed a recurrent tracheoesophageal fistula. All six infants required several esophageal dilatations. No patient required dilatation beyond the age of 5 months and all are now swallowing normally and thriving.

Dilatation↗
PubMed1983

A method for predicting the phototoxicity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

The photosensitisation potential of several non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been investigated in vivo using an irradiation monochromator. Evidence of abnormal, immediate photosensitivity was obtained in 13 of the 38 patients taking one of four out of seven different NSAIDs. A simple mathematical model was developed to predict the likelihood of photosensitivity occurring with a given drug by considering the mass of drug normally ingested, the spectral absorption characteristics of the drug, and the quantity and spectral quality of the radiation (e.g. sunlight) to which the patient may be exposed.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1983

Metabolism and excretion of butein, 2',3,4-trihydroxychalcone, 3-O-methylbutein, 4-O-methylbutein and 2',4',4-trihydroxychalcone in the rat.

Butein (2',3,4,4'-tetrahydroxychalcone) and 2',3,4-trihydroxychalcone, following administration to bile-duct-cannulated rats, gave rise to the corresponding 3-O-methyl ethers which were excreted in conjugated forms in bile and urine. After parenteral and oral administration of [14C]butein, 53% and 20% of the dose, respectively, was excreted in bile in 24h. After oral administration of [14C]butein, 4-O-methylbutein, or 2',4',4-trihydroxychalcone to non-cannulated rats, 51%, 58% and 40% dose, respectively, was excreted in faeces, and 39%, 37% and 56%, respectively, in urine. Intraperitoneal administration of butein to non-cannulated rats led to excretion of 41% dose in urine and 56% in faeces. 3-O-Methylbutein and 4-O-methylbutein were demethylated in vivo and on incubation with rat-intestinal microflora in vitro, whilst 2',4-dihydroxy-3-methoxychalcone and 2',3-dihydroxy-4-methoxychalcone were not demethylated in vivo or in vitro. Following parenteral and oral administration of 4-O-methylbutein to bile-duct-cannulated rats, 91% and 21% dose, respectively, was excreted in the bile in 24h. After parenteral or oral administration of 2',4',4-trihydroxychalcone to cannulated rats, approx. 100% and 45% dose, respectively, was excreted in the bile in 24h. Trace amounts of 2',4',4-trihydroxychalcone were hydroxylated to give butein.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

Parathyroid surgery: the role of chief cell intracellular fat staining with osmium carmine in the intraoperative management of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism.

The surgeon's gross evaluation, the hematoxylin and eosin stain, which assesses extracellular fat, and a new intracellular fat stain, osmium carmine, were comparatively evaluated in 30 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism. The surgeon's gross judgment of enlarged and normal parathyroid tissue resulted in the correct functional assessment in 98% and 97% of the glands, respectively. The surgeon's functional assessment was correct in seven of 10 parathyroid glands that were considered by gross examination to be slightly enlarged (50 to 80 mg). The osmium carmine intracellular fat stain provided a correct functional assessment in all 10 of these glands. The osmium carmine stain also appears to have a role in providing scientific quantitative data to limit operations in patients who have a parathyroid adenoma to removal of the adenoma and biopsy of a grossly normal gland that demonstrates normal intracellular fat. Only one side of the neck was explored in 11 patients who fulfilled these criteria. There has been no persistent or recurrent hypercalcemia in these patients.

Adenoma↗