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Biomedical subjects

S Brosman

Publications and source records attributed to S Brosman.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Critical evaluation of lymphocyte functions in urological cancer patients.

One hundred three patients with varying stages of urological cancer (bladder, prostate, kidney) were investigated with regard to the following lymphocyte functions. T-cells were assessed numerically (E rosettes), their blastogenic response to phytohemagglutinin (pHA) was determined, and their cytotoxic potential against heterologous target cells in short-term presence of PHA (e.i., PHA-dependent cellular cytotoxocity) was evaluated. Similarly, B cells were numerically assessed (EA rosettes), and their function was evaluated by antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against antibody-coated deterologous target cells. The data on cancer patients, divided on the basis of extent of disease and prior radiation therapy, were compared to those of normal young and age-matched controls. Our investigations emphasize the importance of the following factors: (a) comparison of data with age-matched controls, since several lymphocyte functions appear to change with age; (b) use of multiple controls to compensate for the inherent variability found in certain tests; (c) minimized contamination by nonlymphoid cells in the purified cell preparation; and (d) the influence of certain treatment regimens (radiation, chemotherapy, etc.) on the results. Radiotherapy significantly depressed T-cell number with a depression of PHA blastogenic responses as well as PHA-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. When all of these conditions were taken into account, the urological cancer patients as a group were found to have a lower proportional value of E rosettes (T-cells) and a reduced PHA blastogenic responsiveness. Certain cancer patients displayed an elevated PHA-dependent cellular cytotoxicity as compared to age-matched controls, which may indicate the presence of activated cells in the presence of tumors. With this identification of a group of cancer patients with markedly depressed E rosette values and PHA responsiveness, it will now be possible to follow them clinically in comparison with a group of cancer patients with normal T-cell functions.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Immunologic alterations in patients with prostatic carcinoma.

The state of cell-mediated immunity was evaluated in 41 patients with prostatic carcinoma by determining their ability to demonstrate delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity with dinitrochlorobenzene and recall antigens, and to mount an inflammatory response to croton oil, as well as by measuring changes in monocyte chemotactic response. The patients were divided into 2 groups: those with localized disease and those with metastatic carcinoma. Monocyte chemotactic response provides an in vitro quantitative measure of effector cell function and was significantly depressed in the entire group of prostatic cancer patients as compared to non-cancer controls (p less than 0.05). Patients with metastatic carcinoma had a greater defect than those with localized disease (p less than 0.025). After radical prostatectomy a group of patients with localized disease tended to show improvement in monocyte chemotactic response (p less than 0.025). The ability of patients to develop a delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity response was impaired and correlated with the clinical stage of the disease. By using the cutaneous irritant, croton oil, the ability of these cancer patients to mount an inflammatory response was also found to be impaired and showed a close correlation between clinical stage and course of disease. Changes in response to croton oil tended to precede alterations in dinitrochlorobenzene response.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Studies on the immune status of patients with renal adenocarcinoma.

Thirty-one patients with renal carcinoma were divided into 3 groups according to the stage of the disease and evaluated with skin tests to determine cell-mediated immunity and an in vitro chemostaxis assay to measure monocyte function. The patients demonstrated a significant defect in monocyte function, that is the ability to undergo chemotaxis when compared to healthy controls and patients with non-neoplastic disease (p less than 0.001). The defect tended to be more severe in patients with advanced disease. Improvements in monocyte function occurred following nephrectomy in patients with localized disease. The patients were skin tested with recall antigens and dinitrochlorobenzene to determine the presence of a delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity response. Croton oil was used to evaluate the non-specific inflammatory response. These studies indicate that a defect exists in cellular immunity as well as the inflammatory response. Patients with advanced disease tend to be unresponsive to these skin tests while those with localized disease are more likely to react to dinitrochlorobenzene and croton oil.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1975

Defective monocyte function in patients with genitourinary carcinoma.

An assay allowing quantitation of monocyte function, i.e., chemotaxis, was used to study the activity of monocytes in patients with neoplasms of the urinary tract. Twenty-four subjects with various stages of renal carcinoma exhibited a mean chemotactic defect of 34% (P less than 0.005) as compared to normal controls and patients hospitalized with nonneoplastic diseases. Twelve persons with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder had a 29.8% (P less than 0.01) mean chemotactic defect as compared to the controls. There was no correlation between tumor stage and degree of chemotactic defect;--J Natl Cancer Inst 55: 1047-1054, 1975.

Adenocarcinoma↗