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Biomedical subjects

S Brink

Publications and source records attributed to S Brink.

89 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[An epidemiological study of peripheral blood studies].

A statistical random sample of 600 patients from the population referred to Tygerberg Hospital for peripheral blood investigations was analysed statistically with an IBM 370/158 computer. Suitable transformations were used for normalization of the data. The results of Coulter Model S investigations, platelet counts (coulter F), erythrocyte sedimentation rates, differential counts (with regard to neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte and eosinophil counts), age, race and sex of the patients, as well as possible associations between the day of the week and the haematological tests were investigated independently for each of the four race and sex groups, i.e. White men, White women, non-White men and non-White women. Machine sorting was used to obtain graphs representing the mean values of 12 haematological variables versus age in the four race and sex groups. Regression analysis between the different variables was done, and mean values are reported. Normal haematological limits (+/- 2 standard deviations) for the different age groups were used, and with machine processing the results were evaluated as low, normal or high in order to obtain a table for the visualization of a normal or abnormal distribution, skewness to the right or left, and percentages of abnormal values for each variable for each of the different age groups in the four race and sex groups. In this study we investigated a selected group of patients. No conclusions with regard to 'normal' values can be made, but, with the use of statistical computing of routine numerical data, an approach to epidemiology is demonstrated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Clinical and haematological problems associated with severe abruptio placentae.

A clinical study was done of 80 patients in whom abruptio placentae was severe enough to cause intra-uterine death of the fetus. Central venous pressure pressure was measured when ever possible to ensure adequate fluid replacement. Although the minority of the patients were shocked when admitted, blood replacement averaged 5 units per patient. The caesarean section incidence was 21%. Only 1 patient developed renal failure for which peritoneal dialysis was done. No maternal deaths occurred. Serial coagulation studies were done in 58 patients. Diffuse intravascular coagulation was present in the majority. After delivery of the fetus, however, tests became normal.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed1977

Leucocyte ultrastructure and folate metabolism in Down's syndrome.

Electron microscopical and haematological investigation of peripheral blood has shown a higher percentage of leukaemia-like nuclear ultrastructural abnormalities in the leucocytes of 30 individuals with Down's syndrome (mean 6.3%) than in normal controls (mean less than 1%). Most of these aberrations consisted of nuclear membrane abnormalities. Red cell folate values were very low in the group with Down's syndrome. Although mean serum folate and vitamin B12 levels were normal in this group, these individuals displayed increasing macrocytosis and decreasing serum folate levels with age. The whole group with Down's syndrome showed an increased mean corpuscular volume (MCV). The percentage of ultrastructural abnormalities did not correlate with folate levels when they were analysed individually. The existence of nuclear membrane abnormalities and folate deficiency, both of which may be associated with increased chromosome breakage, may be partly responsible for the increased leukaemia risk in patients with Down's syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Leukaemogenesis in Down's syndrome.

Due to the fixed karyotype and documented malignancy risk in patients with Down's syndrome, recently described aetiological factors can be assigned to their proper places in a conceptual framework for leukaemogenesis in these individuals. This is a more profitable approach than those in which various types of karyotypic patterns are matched to different malignancies. It seems that viruses may play a special role, but they need interaction with other factors, most of which are present in Down's syndrome. A unifying concept which may be helpful in establishing research priorities is presented.

Child↗
PubMed1976

[Laboratory standardization and quality control in anticoagulant therapy].

Standardisation and quality control are now available for the laboratory tests which are needed to control the blood levels of anticoagulants. The most important cause for variation in results between different laboratories is the use of different types of thromboplastin. The British standards are based on the use of a national reagent with a national system of reporting supported by quality control with lyophilised plasma and thromboplastin preparations. It offers a model which has been adopted at Tygerberg Hospital, and could be used to standardise anticoagulant therapy in this country. Human brain thromboplastin is preferred to the commercially available rabbit preparations. For the first time, as far as we know, a phenol-saline extract of baboon brain thromboplastin was examined. Preliminary results indicate that it compares well with human brain extracts.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Myelopoiesis--a kinetic approach].

The mechanisms of haemopoietic cellular proliferation are more clearly understood when the granylocytic, monocytic and macrophagic elements of the bone marrow are studied by means of in vitro cultures. Better physiological insight into stimulating and inhibitory factors is obtained in this way. These studies are of diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic importance in the clinical handling of myeloid leukaemia dn neutropenia. It can be accepted today that the concept of myeloid leukaemia as a neoplastic process with an increased production of autonomous cell populations is to a large extent outdated, and these cells can be induced in vitro to differentiate into mature polymorphs. In the past it has been demonstrated that in vitro successes are followed by in vivo results, and in particular it is hoped that with the development of techniques for concentration of colony-stimulating factor, that this might be of therapeutic advantage in selected leukaemia patients in the future.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Self-efficacy in adolescent girls and boys with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) face increasing responsibilities for managing their own treatment. For some, implementing their treatment regimen enhances diabetes self-efficacy beliefs because they welcome the chance to exert control over their illness. Other adolescent patients, however, feel overwhelmed and helpless. We developed the self-efficacy for diabetes scale (SED) with a sample of adolescent boys (n = 34) and girls (n = 34) with IDDM. High reliability (internal consistency) and evidence for criterion validity were obtained for this measure, because SED scores predicted metabolic control. In addition, construct validity was established, because SED scores were related to theoretically relevant measures of locus of control and self-esteem. Although they showed similar expectancies for diabetes self-efficacy, girls had significantly positive correlations between their SED scores and metabolic control, whereas boys did not. We offer a new instrument for studying adolescent patient perceptions and physical health.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Limited joint mobility of the hand in type I diabetes mellitus.

Limited joint mobility (LJM) of the hand was present in 32 of 100 subjects, aged 3-22 yr, with type I diabetes mellitus. Prevalence of LJM was independent of age and sex, but increased with duration of diabetes, with peak occurrence in individuals who had diabetes for more than 5 yr (P less than 0.005). In age-and duration-matched pairs of control and LJM subjects (N = 31), there was no significant correlation of LJM with insulin type, insulin allergy, family history of arthritis, or growth retardation. There was also no correlation with "control parameters" including number of episodes of hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis, degree of ketonuria or mean glucose, hemoglobin A1, fasting triglyceride, or cholesterol value.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of efficacy and safety of human insulin (Novo) in the treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a double-blind, multicenter clinical trial.

The safety and efficacy of human insulin (Novo) were evaluated in a double-blind, parallel, multicenter trial in which 47 insulin-dependent diabetic patients were randomly divided into two equal groups and treated with either purified pork or human insulin (Actrapid and Monotard, Novo) for 12 wk. Mean levels of fasting plasma glucose, glycohemoglobin, and daily insulin dosages showed no statistical differences between the two groups, and there was no significant difference in the incidence of hypoglycemic reactions. The results from this clinical trial indicate that human insulin, prepared by enzymatic transpeptidation of pork insulin, appears to be as safe and efficacious as purified pork insulin in the treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Adolescent↗