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S Bretagne

Publications and source records attributed to S Bretagne.

64 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Comparison of the viability and developmental characteristics of Echinococcus multilocularis isolates from human patients in France.

Alveolar echinococcosis, due to E. multilocularis, is usually a fatal disease in patients whether treated by benzimidazolecarbamates or not. However, aborted infections have been described, suggesting the existence of strains of parasites of varying pathogenicity. These observations led us to analyse the viability of larvae in 20 patients. After observation of human lesions, the viability of metacestodes was tested by intraperitoneal infection in two intermediate host species, Meriones unguiculatus and AKR inbred mice. Parasitic development was more frequent in mice than in M. unguiculatus, but in the latter, growth was more rapid and the larval mass produced was greater. Isolates which originated from patients undergoing treatment had an abortive growth; two others were characterized by a steady, though slow, development, producing a poorly budding larva; lastly there were some which were morphologically similar with a multivesicular appearance but differing development times. These results may serve as a guide for more basic studies leading to an understanding of the problem of intraspecific variations in E. multilocularis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Cryptosporidiosis in children: epidemics and sporadic cases].

From April 16 1987 through May 16 1987, during an outbreak of gastroenteritis, stool specimens were obtained from 53 children aged 18 to 36 months among the 90 children attending an on-site day-care center for the staff of a large teaching hospital in the Paris urban area (59%). Oocysts of Cryptosporidium were found in 11 specimens (21%) using an auramine staining technique. Children with diarrhea were more likely to have stools containing Cryptosporidium (p less than 0.01). Subsequently, a prospective study was carried out in the same day care center from July 1987 through January 1988. Among the 103 episodes of diarrhea observed during the study period, there were five cases of cryptosporidiosis (5%). In all these cases, diarrhea was moderate and resolved within ten days. Furthermore, among 148 hospitalized children aged 2 months to 10 years, 2 (1.4%) had positive stool specimens for Cryptosporidium and significant failure to thrive. Thus, Cryptosporidium is a common cause of diarrhea in immunocompetent children, especially in child group settings. Further studies are needed to determine the prevalence and spectrum of the clinical patterns of this parasitic disease.

Child Day Care Centers↗
PubMed1988

[Detection of residual disease in onco-hematology: the contribution of molecular biology].

The development of the tools of recombinant DNA technology has implications for clinical oncology. We briefly describe in this article the use of DNA probes as diagnostic tools for the study of leukemias and other malignancies and for the detection of minimal residual disease. Useful DNA markers can be used to assess successful engraftment in bone marrow transplanted patients and to detect mixed chimerism. Immunoglobulin and T cell receptor gene rearrangements can be analysed to investigate the presence of clonal lymphoid populations with pathologic samples and to determine their B or T cell lineage. Point mutations associated with oncogene activation can be detected by hybridization with allele specific oligonucleotide probes, allowing molecular analysis of certain tumors. The level of sensitivity of the different assays are discussed along with their usefulness in the detection of residual malignant cells after appropriate therapy.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1987

Mixed blood chimerism in T cell-depleted bone marrow transplant recipients: evaluation using DNA polymorphisms.

We have used DNA sequence polymorphism analysis to document engraftment after T cell-depleted bone marrow transplantation (BMT), with a selected panel of four DNA probes. In contrast to nondepleted BMT recipients, the patients who received T cell-depleted marrow exhibited a mixed blood chimerism. This mosaicism was observed before graft failure or relapse in six patients. However, in five other patients, this mixed chimerism was not followed by these complications with a follow-up of 9 to 31 months after transplantation. Our results support the hypothesis that transplanted bone marrow T cells may help to maintain engraftment by eliminating host cells that can cause graft failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Urinary bilharziasis and sideropenic anemia. Study of their relation in 2 villages in Niger].

In order to assess Schistosoma haematobium as an aetiologic factor in sideropenic anaemias, we compared a village with high prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis and a village without urinary schistosomiasis as a control. In the infested village, anaemias (haemoglobin value lower than 12 g/dl) especially affects children between 5 to 14 years old (71%:45/68). Boys being the most infestated group with S. haematobium (prevalence:100%; mean egg output: 496 eggs/10 ml of urine) are also the most anaemic group (82%:23/28). Comparing the two villages shows that urinary schistosomiasis increases the risk of acquiring anaemia by 30% among children aged 5 to 14. Furthermore, the parasitic disease reduces of 1 g/dl the mean haemoglobin level of adult males. On the other hand, S. haematobium is of minor importance as a cause of anaemia among women. The others aetiologies remain preponderant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Schistosoma haematobium bilharziosis and urinary infections. Study of their relationship in 2 villages of Niger].

In order to assess the relation between urinary schistosomiasis and urinary tract infections (U.T.T.), a study of two villages in the surroundings of Niamey (Rep. of Niger) was undertaken. In the first village located near a rice plantation irrigation scheme, the global prevalence of S. haematobium infection was 77%. Boys between 5 to 14 years of age were all infected and their mean egg output was 500 eggs/10 ml of urine. In the second village, where water is supplied from wells, schistosomiasis was almost absent. Urinary tract infections were diagnosed upon the cytologic count of the urinary sediment and the urine culture. Comparison between S. haematobium infected and non-infected villages showed that the prevalence of U.T.I. was 3.8 times higher among the females of the infected village. This was also noticed for old men and especially for boys aged 5 to 14 (5.2% U.T.I.) for whom urinary infection is usually uncommon. However the mean blood pressure and the creatininemia showed no difference between the two populations. If schistosomiasis increases the risk of chronic pyelonephritis, that increase could not be accounted for with the measures of these two variables.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Invasive Fusarium infections: a retrospective survey of 31 cases. The French 'Groupe d'Etudes des Mycoses Opportunistes' GEMO.

A retrospective study was conducted in France to investigate Fusarium infections which are now recognized as emerging opportunistic infections. The clinical and mycological findings for 31 cases diagnosed between 1984 and 1993 by members of the French Groupe d'Etudes des Mycoses Opportunistes were analysed. All suffered from haematological disease, most often acute leucaemia (n = 19). Twenty-two had received cytostatic chemotherapy and ten had undergone bone marrow transplantation. Prolonged aplasia and pancytopenia were present in 18 and 11 patients, respectively. Skin (61%) and blood (42%) were the sites most frequently involved. Fusarium solani (n = 7), Fusarium oxysporum (n = 7), Fusarium verticilloides (n = 7) were the species most frequently isolated. Nine antifungal treatments were used, associated with colony-stimulating factors in five cases. None was unambiguously superior to all the others. The overall mortality was 51.6% with a specific mortality > or = 25.8%. The disseminated form of the infection was associated with poor prognosis (P < 0.02) whereas improving granulocyte count improved prognosis (P < 0.001). More aggressive cytostatic regimens used for patients with haematological malignancies have favoured the emergence of Fusarium infections. As prognosis is closely correlated with neutrophil recovery, the promising results obtained with the use of colony-stimulating factors should be further evaluated.

Adolescent↗