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Biomedical subjects

S Boyarsky

Publications and source records attributed to S Boyarsky.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Urological and behavioral approach to the treatment of secondary impotence.

Psychogenic impotence is far more common than organic impotence and may co-exist with or be a result of it. Psychological principles of therapy may be needed for all impotent patients treated by the urologist. These principles include 1) re-education in sexual function, 2) removal of pressure for male performance, 3) bringing existing performance fears to the surface for therapy, 4) teaching patients techniques to deal with the fears, 5) teaching the partner proper cooperation and 6) improving the communications between the 2 partners.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1978

Glucagon, ureteral colic and ureteral peristalsis.

Experimentally, glucagon is an effective ureteral relaxant that induces a moderate diuresis. Our data suggest that in specified cases of ureteral colic, before the development of a ureteral bar, flaccid dilatation of the pelvis and renal shutdown, glucagon may facilitate the expulsion of small ureteral calculi. When the ureteral pain is due to hyperperistalsis the drug has promise in the alleviation of pain. The complexities of the pathophysiology of ureteral colic in an experimental model support the treatment of ureteral edema in colic with anti-inflammatory drugs but suggest certain precautions in the design of any investigation of drug therapy for colic, lest a good drug be found ineffective for the wrong reason-that it was used in an impossible situation.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Evaluation of research needs in nephrology in urology. Obstructive and neuromuscular disorders affecting the urinary system.

Obstructive and neuromuscular disorders are common problems of the urinary tract. They cause considerable morbidity and some mortality. In all problem areas research efforts have been and continue to be limited. The principal reason for the lack of research efforts in these areas is the lack of trained established investigators interested in the problems of the urinary tract. Unfortunately, most basic scientists with the research and investigative background to solve many of these problems see them as mundane and not worthy of investigation. In addition, these same basic scientists are out of touch with clinical urologic diseases and probably do not appreciate the magnitude of the problems. In our opinion the solution is 2-fold: to train qualified investigators in urology and nephrology, and to interest, educate and collaborate with the basic scientists about these clinical problems of the urinary tract.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1977

Urological and behavioral approach to the treatment of secondary impotence.

Psychogenic impotence is far more common than organic impotence and may co-exist with or be a result of it. Psychological principles of therapy may be needed for all impotent patients treated by the urologist. These principles include 1) re-education in sexual function, 2) removal of pressure for male performance, 3) bringing existing performance fears to the surface for therapy, 4) teaching patients techniques to deal with the fears, 5) teaching the partner proper cooperation and 6) improving the communications between the 2 partners.

Erectile Dysfunction↗
PubMed1976

Informed consent: recent changes in the law.

Physicians have the legal duty to disclose all risks and consequences of a proposed procedure. This duty must be understood as a reversal of previous legal doctrine. Disclosure is adequate only when a patient has enough information from that disclosure to decide for himself which way he wants to go and what treatment he wants to choose from among the options available to him. Relevance of disclosure, not fullness, is the criterion of sufficiency. The idea that the doctor or the profession knows best what the patient should do has been rejected as a legal standard in the District of Columbia, California, New York, Wisconsin, Kansas and Rhode Island. It is expected that more states will follow this trend. The informed part of the doctrine of informed consent is only the tip of an iceberg of social change.

Disclosure↗
PubMed1976

A new look at bladder neck obstruction by the food and drug administration regulators: guide lines for investigation of benign prostatic hypertrophy.

A basic assumption of current guide lines to test drug therapy for benign prostatic hypertrophy is that the clinical disease is caused by bladder neck obstruction and its sequelae and complications. Asymptomatic non-prostatic hypertrophy, no matter how large the adenoma, is considered to be a pre-clinical phase of the disease as long as bladder trabeculation, impairment of the flow rate and residual urine are absent. The guide lines recognize that histological changes and gross anatomical enlargement of the prostate are the essence of the disease but objective signs of current therapeutic relief of symptoms lend themselves more practically to measurement of progression or remission, whereas no current drug has a clear enough effect on prostatic histology to predict subsidence of the clinical picture. Since no one criterion or single test serves this purpose a cluster of symptoms, with flow rate and residual urine, provides the hardest data. It would be preferable for each patient to serve as his own control in a prospective double-blind randomized study, since the literature shows no uniformity of approach, methodology, patient population or other useful data for clinical norms. Guide lines have been developed with the aid of clinical pharmacologists, biostatisticians, lawyers and government officials and approved by the Food and Drug Administration. Misconceptions outside of the profession of Urology need to be dispelled and further research in methodology, urodynamics, ultrasonic evaluation of the prostate, definition of symptoms, criteria for efficacy, etiology of the disease, and mode of action of drugs, placebo and surgery were highlighted. The literature does not have an overabundance of data but does contain evidence of definite but weak drug efficacy in the treatment of this condition.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1976

Current status of the urethral pressure profile as a urodynamic test.

The urethral pressure profile is a manipulation test of the bladder neck, urethra, and its sphincters. It measures the balance of pressure at each point along the urethra while a small amount of distending fluid is instilled continuously. The urethral pressure profile probably represents a perfusion pressure, a minimal distension pressure, or a minimal opening pressure that is altered by the caliber of the urethra and the compliance of its walls along its proximal course. The test is meaningful when each point along the traverse is compared, in succession, with all the other points and as long as the assumption holds that changes in bladder configuration, pressure, and filling are incosequential during performance of the test.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

Informed consent: recent changes in the law.

Physicians have the legal duty to disclose all risks and consequences of a proposed procedure. This duty must be understood as a reversal of previous legal doctrine. Disclosure is adequate only when a patient has enough information from that disclosure to decide for himself which way he wants to go and what treatment he wants to choose from among the options available to him. Relevance of disclosure, not fullness, is the criterion of sufficiency. The idea that the doctor or the profession knows best what the patient should do has been rejected as a legal standard in the District of Columbia, California, New York, Wisconsin, Kansas and Rhode Island. It is expected that more states will follow this trend. The informed part of the doctrine of informed concent is only the tip of an iceberg of social change.

Defensive Medicine↗
PubMed1975

Computer evaluation of the effect of urecholine on the spontaneous activity of smooth muscle from the urinary bladder of the rabbit.

The spontaneous activity exhibited in vitro by smooth muscle strips from the urinary bladder of the rabbit under the influence of Urecholine in concentrations from 0.3 to 30 muM has been characterized in terms of three parameters: mean tension, frequency of contraction, and contractile deviation, all obtained by computer an alysis. While mean tension and frequency monotonically increased with concentration, the contractile deviation rose to a peak in the vicinity of 3.0 to 6.0 muM and thereafter decreased. At concentrations less than 10 muM the contractile patterns were almost periodic, while at 10 and 30 muM, the patterns became highly erratic. Histologic examination of a limited number of tissues showed longitudinally oriented muscle bundles with multiple anastomosing.

Animals↗