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S Bose

Publications and source records attributed to S Bose.

244 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Her-2/neu gene amplification in low to moderately expressing breast cancers: possible role of chromosome 17/Her-2/neu polysomy.

Overexpression of the Her-2/neu (HER2) oncogene is known to confer important prognostic and predictive value to patients with breast cancer. Controversy exists as to the best method for its determination caused primarily by the variable sensitivities of the different antibodies and interobserver differences, particularly in the group of breast cancers with borderline levels of expression of the protein product. This study was therefore designed to determine the status of the HER2 gene amplification in a group of breast carcinomas with low levels of overexpression. After an initial validation of our procedures, a series of 52 consecutive cases of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded breast cancers with low levels of overexpression and a series of 22 cases with no expression by immunohistochemistry were analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and the results correlated statistically. Amplification of the HER2 gene was observed in 16% of equivocal to weakly positive cases. Those that were amplified showed low levels of amplification with ratios less than 4.5 and a characteristic scattered pattern of distribution of HER2 signals in the FISH assay. In addition, heterogeneity was noted in two cases in the amplification of the HER2 gene within the same tumor samples with pockets of amplified tumor cells amidst nonamplified tumor cells. In cases without amplification, a statistically significant number showed chromosome 17 polysomy. In conclusion, equivocal to low levels of HER2 overexpression in breast cancers are associated, in the majority of cases, with chromosome 17 polysomy and a corresponding increase in the HER2 gene numbers. True gene amplification is present in only a minority of cases. FISH analysis should be used for confirmation of gene amplification. Prior screening and selection of appropriate immunohistochemistry-positive areas for FISH analysis may prove beneficial.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR-guided fine needle aspiration of breast lesions: initial experience.

OBJECTIVE: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is a minimally invasive procedure that is used to obtain cytologic specimens of suspicious lesions in the breast. The goal of this study was to evaluate the logistics and limitations of MR-guided FNA using a prototype breast localization coil. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR-guided FNAs were attempted on 18 lesions (detected on mammography and/or palpation) in 16 patients. Patients were prone with their breast compressed mediolaterally between two plates in a circularly polarized RF coil. Lesion position was determined by reference to fiducial markers that corresponded to a grid of holes placed at 5 mm intervals in the compression plate. FNA was performed with a 22G non-ferromagnetic needle. RESULTS: FNA was successful for 11 of 18 lesions (61%). Of the seven unsuccessful cases, there were four in which the lesions were too posteriorly placed to be accessed through the compression plate by the needle. Three cases were too anteriorly placed to be effectively immobilized and, although successfully localized, were insufficiently sampled by the FNA technique. CONCLUSION: MR-guided FNA is possible using a prototype breast localization device in a select group of patients. Current coil design limits its use in performing MR-guided FNA on the most anteriorly and posteriorly placed breast lesions. Unique requirements of FNA under MR guidance as compared to needle localization and biopsy have been identified. Modifications in localization hardware and cytology aspiration needles should overcome these restrictions.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The neonatal fundus in maternal toxemia.

Toxemic changes in the maternal fundus and their relationship to fetal prognosis have been studied. A study of the neonatal fundus in maternal toxemia revealed a 76.67% incidence of vascular changes similar to those seen in the maternal fundus. Arteriolar spasm, focal or generalized, was present in 23 of the 30 neonates seen. A pallor of the disc was present in six cases. Four infants, 13.33%, had either extensive dot and blot retinal hemorrhages with soft exudates, or a serous retinal detachment. The last four neonates died within the first postnatal week. This work highlights the fact that retinal vascular decompensation mirrors similar changes in the cardiopulmonary or cerebral circulation and should be considered as a determinant of the fetal prognosis in maternal toxemia.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cyclin D1 overexpression is more prevalent in non-Caucasian breast cancer.

African-American women with breast cancer consistently show a shortened survival when compared with Caucasians with breast cancer, however it is not clear whether this is due to socioeconomic factors or to racial differences in tumor biology. Cyclin D1 overexpression has been demonstrated in 60-80% of female breast cancers, however these studies have not included race or ethnicity data. We examined the level of cyclin D1 protein expression in 139 cases of female breast cancer obtained from different ethnic populations. Using an immunoperoxidase-based technique and a polyclonal anti-cyclin D1 antibody, the rate of overexpression was 68%. Cyclin D1 overexpression tended to be more frequent in cases from non-Caucasian patients when compared with those from Caucasian patients (77% vs. 59%, p=0.051). Our findings suggest that non-Caucasian ethnicity may be important in predicting cyclin D1 overexpression. Cyclin D1 could therefore serve as a possible target in managing breast cancer in the African-American population.

Black People↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The neonatal fundus in maternal toxemia.

Fetal mortality appears to be related to the neonatal fundus findings of a generalized arteriolar spasm, together with either a serous retinal detachment or the presence of numerous superficial and deep retinal hemorrhages with "cotton wool" spots. The excellent management of maternal blood pressure does not allow changes to occur in the maternal fundus; thus, the existence of adverse factors to the fetus/newborn cannot be determined by an examination of the maternal fundus. The fundus examination of a neonate at risk is likely to be very helpful in identifying those babies who would require intensive monitoring and care, resulting in an infant mortality rate far lower than the current rate.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Low grade transitional cell carcinoma and instrument artifact. A challenge in urinary cytology.

This was a retrospective study of 46 cases of urine specimens to distinguish low grade transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) and instrument artifact. The cytomorphologic features of 46 urinary specimens showing papillary fragments were studied. Urine from TCC showed papillary and irregular groups of cells with ragged borders and subtle nuclear changes. Urine after instrumentation showed cellular specimens with cohesive, ball-shaped and papillary clusters with smooth borders lined with a denser-staining cytoplasmic collar. The evenness of the border and presence of the cytoplasmic collar were distinguishing features of instrument artifact.

Artifacts↗