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Biomedical subjects

S Bonfils

Publications and source records attributed to S Bonfils.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Hyperparathyroidism associated with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. 4 cases (author's transl)].

In approximately 20% of the cases the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES) is associated with primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT). In view of this frequent association, serum calcium and phosphorus levels should be measured in all patients with ZES. Conversely, all patients with HPT I accompanied or preceded by peptic ulcer and/or diarrhoea should have their gastric acid secretion and serum gastrin level measured. Since the association may reflect a type I multiple endocrine neoplasia (MENI), involvement of other endocrine systems, notably the pituitary gland, should be investigated in the patients and their family. A rise in basal plasma pancreatic polypeptide has been observed in about 50% of cases of familial MEN I (Wermer's syndrome) and appears to be a good index of pancreatic endocrine tumour. When ZES is associated with HPT I, the latter should be treated first for three reasons: (7) lethal acute hypercalcaemia may occur after abdominal surgery; (2) HPT I itself may increase the gastric acid secretion and hypergastrinaemia of the ZES, and (3) parathyroidectomy and medical treatment with gastric antisecretory drugs may postpone the need for total gastrectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of somatostatin on diarrhea and on small intestinal water and electrolyte transport in a patient with pancreatic cholera.

The effects of somatostatin on diarrhea and on small intestinal flow of water and electrolytes (slow-marker perfusion technique) in a patient with pancreatic cholera are reported. Continuous intravenous infusion of somatostatin (8 micrograms/kg/hr) suppressed the diarrhea, but a rebound was observed after somatostatin. Infusion of somatostatin at the same dosage decreased the ileal fluid flow rate to within control values. This effect was mainly due to a sharp reduction in the rate fluid entered the jejunum, but was also due to a suppression of the abnormal water and electrolyte secretion in the proximal jejunum. Secretion in the rest of the small bowel remained unchanged. Somatostatin did not noticeably alter the high preinfusion plasma level of prostaglandin E1, but decreased the initially high plasma concentration of vasoactive intestinal peptide to normal values. These results suggest that long-acting somatostatin analogs could be of value in the symptomatic treatment of diarrhea in pancreatic cholera.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1982

Ranitidine upon meal-induced gastric secretion: oral pharmacokinetics and plasma concentration effect relationships.

1 Ranitidine oral kinetics and plasma concentration-effect relationships upon meal-induced gastric secretion were investigated in normal subjects. Four oral doses of ranitidine (50, 100, 150 or 200 mg) and placebo were tested. 2 Oral ranitidine showed a terminal half-life of about 2 h 25 min. Maximal plasma level was about 240 ng/ml for a 100 mg dose, and occurred about 1 h after dose. From the range of 50 to 200 mg dose, no indication of non-linearity was observed in the drug kinetics. 3 Ranitidine administration resulted in a dose-related reduction in meal-stimulated acid secretion reaching, 46, 70, 82 and 92%, respectively. Mean ranitidine plasma concentrations producing 50 and 80% inhibition of acid secretion were 73 and 180 ng/ml, respectively, with great inter-individual variability. 150 and 200 mg ranitidine oral doses maintained IC50 for at least 4.5 and 5.5 h, respectively. Upon oral administration, ranitidine exerted no effect on gastric emptying of the meal but slightly decreased the gastrin response to the meal.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Streptozotocin treatment in pancreatic cholera (Verner-Morrison) syndrome.

A case of pancreatic cholera (Verner-Morrison syndrome) associated with a pancreatic endocrine tumor and hepatic metastases is presented. VIP and HPP plasma levels, initially elevated, were accurately followed in various conditions: during corticosteroid therapy, after pancreatic tumor excision, during and after streptozotocin therapy (1.5 g/m2) by repeated intraarterial route). Only streptozotocin therapy resulted in a reduction of the stool volume with concomitant decrease in VIP plasma levels. However, the size of the hepatic metastases was unchanged and HPP plasma levels remained elevated. It is suggested that VIP represents the tumoral secretion and HPP a marker of the residual malignant tissue.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1982

Inhibitory effect of prolonged administration of long-acting somatostatin on gastrin-stimulated fundic epithelial cell growth in the rat.

The effects of a 3-week administration of long-acting somatostatin were explored (a) in young rats under both normal and long-acting gastrin stimulation and (b) in adult rats with transposition of the antrum onto the colon and, therefore, chronically stimulated with endogenous gastrin. Histomorphometric parameters of the fundic mucosa were estimated at the end of the treatment. In young rats, somatostatin alone (390 micrograms/kg/day) only lowered parietal and peptic cell densities per cubic millimeter compared to controls. That it exerted an antitropic effect under physiological conditions remains questionable. However, in cases of chronic hypergastrinemia, the same dose of somatostatin obviously antagonized the growth-promoting effect of exogenous or endogenous gastrin.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Prolonged secretory inhibition during cimetidine treatment in Zollinger-Ellison patients.

In 23 Zollinger-Ellison patients who had been treated continuously with cimetidine for more than 3 months repeated measurements of basal acid output (BAO) were carried out 10-12 h after the last drug dose, to evaluate the prolonged inhibition of gastric acid during continuous cimetidine treatment. Most patients had a markedly prolonged inhibition of BAO after a few weeks of treatment compared with the BAO before cimetidine treatment. The prolonged inhibition became significant after 6 to 12 months of treatment (p less than 0.05). In some patients the prolonged inhibition was transient. In seven patients cimetidine therapy was discontinued for 3 days. Measurement of BAO after 12, 36, and 60 h of withdrawal revealed a marked inhibition lasting more than 60 h in four patients. Determination of plasma cimetidine could not demonstrate any detectable amounts after 12 h of withdrawal. The prolonged inhibition of BAO observed during continuous cimetidine treatment is of significant importance for evaluating secretory data. The phenomenon is still unexplained.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of pirenzepine on meal-stimulated acid secretion and gastrin release in normal man.

The effect of increasing doses of pirenzepine, a tricyclic compound and new antiulcer drug, on meal-induced gastric acid secretion, gastrin release and gastric emptying of the liquid meal, was investigated in eight healthy volunteers. Gastric acid secretion was assessed using intragastric titration technique. Intra-muscularly administered doses of pirenzepine tested were 0 (placebo), 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 mg.kg-1. With increasing doses of pirenzepine a dose-related reduction of meal-stimulated acid response was noticed amounting to 53% of control values with the highest dosage. The IC 50 value is close to 200 ng.ml-1. Initial but not total gastric emptying of the liquid protein-meal was slowed by 0.5 mg.kg-1 pirenzepine dose. Gastrin responses to the meal were reduced in a dose dependent manner although to a lesser degree.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The gastric antisecretory activity of a phenothiazine molecule, LM 24056.

The effect on the gastric secretion of the phenothiazine molecule N,N-dimethyl-10-(3-quinuclidinyl)-2-phenothiazine sulfonamide (LM24056) was studied in dogs equipped with gastric fistula and denervated pouch. The gastric stimulation was obtained either by exogenous stimulants (gastrin, gastrin + bethanechol, histamine) or by endogenous ones released by feeding gastrin; LM 24056 was infused i.v. 1. I.v. administration of 1.25 to 5 mg . kg-1 . h-1 of LM 24056 had a nearly complete inhibitory action on gastric juice secretion (acid and pepsin), on gastrin- and gastrin + bethanechol-stimulated secretion. The LM, 24056 concentration which produced 50% inhibition (IC50%) of acid and pepsin secretion was about 1.25 mg . kg-1 . h-1. 2. LM 24056 appeared to be unable to reduce the histamine-stimulated secretion. 3. I.v. administration of 1 to 30 mg . h-1 of LM 24056 reduced or abolished both gastric acid secretion and gastrin release. The IC50 was 5 mg . h-1 (or about 0.5 mg . kg-1 . h-1) for both responses. The possible mechanism of action of LM 24056 is discussed in comparison with those of H2-receptor antagonists, of atropine and of pirenzepine, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Results of surgical management in 92 consecutive patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

Hospital records and follow-up information on 92 patients with surgically proven Zollinger-Ellison syndrome have been reviewed, and data relating to symptomatology, age and sex incidence, pathologic findings, and early and late results of surgical procedures have been summarized. The postoperative mortality rate was 15%, and was adversely affected by previous peptic ulcer surgery, by the necessity of urgent operation for complications of peptic ulcer, and by employment of a procedure that failed to control acid secretion. Thirteen patients were found to have primary gastrinomas of the duodenum and an additional 13 patients had islet cell hyperplasia without evidence of frank neoplasm; prognosis in these two groups appears to be particularly favorable. Despite the current availability of effective nonoperative measures for control of gastric hypersecretion, surgical exploration is warranted in all patients to determine location and extent of tumor and to attempt to control the ulcer diathesis by resection of tumor. Long-term therapy with H2 receptor antagonists is advised for patients whose hypersecretory state has not been alleviated by tumor resection or whose gastrinoma cannot be removed. Total gastrectomy is still indicated in patients whose tumors are not amenable to resection and who are resistant to, or cannot follow, a rigid medical regimen.

Adolescent↗