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Biomedical subjects

S Bhuta

Publications and source records attributed to S Bhuta.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Ependymoma-like tumor of the mesovarium.

We report a case of primary extramedullary ependymoma, arising from the mesovarium in a 47-year-old woman and discovered incidentally during routine hysterectomy for uterine leiomyomas. The tumor exhibited the light microscopic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features of a typical ependymoma, including a prominent pseudorosette pattern, positive staining for glial fibrillary acidic protein, and electron microscopic visualization of microvilli, intermediate filaments, basement membranes, and long cytoplasmic processes. While the occurrence of subcutaneous ependymomas in the sacrococcygeal region and metastatic central nervous system tumors at various sites are familiar, we believe this case to be a rare example of a primary ependymoma arising in a different and unusual extramedullary location.

Ependymoma↗
PubMed1985

Splenectomy and extravascular platelet destruction in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Intravascular platelet deposition has been considered an essential pathophysiologic mechanism in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Splenectomy resulted in prompt and sustained hematologic improvement in a patient with the chronic form of the disease. The response to splenectomy, normal plasma levels of secretable platelet proteins, and phagocytosis of erythrocyte fragments and platelets by splenic macrophages demonstrated by electron microscopy suggest that platelet destruction may occasionally be predominantly extravascular in this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Alveolar soft part sarcoma following radiotherapy for a spinal hemangioma. A case report.

A case of alveolar soft part sarcoma arising some 20 years later in a site previously irradiated as a treatment for a spinal cord hemangioma is described. This is the first known case of radiation-associated alveolar soft part sarcoma, and it fulfills the criteria for a tumor to be radiation-induced. The coincidental finding of "viral-like" particles within some of the tumor cells was noted.

Head and Neck Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Synovial sarcoma with squamous differentiation of its mesenchymal glandular elements. A case report with light-microscopic, ultramicroscopic, and immunologic correlation.

A 25-year-old male patient with a biphasic synovial sarcoma of his right flank is reported. The tumor was not only richly glandular but also showed a rare finding in association with a sarcoma, namely, squamous differentiation. Light microscopy and electron microscopy demonstrated the classical features of a biphasic synovial sarcoma except for foci of squamous change. Antibody stain directed against keratin demonstrated this substance in both the glandular and squamous cells but not in the stromal elements. Therefore, the finding of squamous differentiation in association with a malignant, deep soft-tissue tumor must include in the differential diagnosis not only carcinomas but rare sarcomas as well, including the biphasic synovial sarcoma and the glandulosquamous variant of malignant schwanomma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Intranuclear branched cylindrical structures in human osteosarcoma cells.

A peculiar branched cylindrical structure within the nuclei of human osteosarcoma cells is reported. Although the described structures may be postulated to represent either "vermicellar bodies" or a response to cellular injury by chemotherapeutic agents, their origin and function are unknown to us.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

"Aggressive" chondroblastoma. Light and ultramicroscopic findings after en bloc resection.

A chondroblastoma of the proximal humerus in a 15-year-old boy was removed en bloc due to its very large size and locally destructive, aggressive character. This case is reported because of the rarity of chondroblastomas excised en bloc; specimens were examined in detail by correlated roentgenographic, gross inspection, histologic and electron-microscopic methods.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Methyldopa-induced liver injury. Rapid progression to fatal postnecrotic cirrhosis.

A 55-year-old woman developed symptoms suggestive of hepatitis 12 weeks after first receiving methyldopa for hypertension. Liver biopsy showed chronic aggressive hepatitis with subacute hepatic necrosis. Methyldopa was discontinued, but after exhibiting transient clinical improvement, the patient's condition progressively deteriorated until she died of hepatic failure, in spite of therapy with massive doses of corticosteroids and other nonspecific measures. During the terminal stage, a considerable decrease in the size of the liver was observed. At autopsy, the liver was found to be small, shrunken, and scarred; histological sections demonstrated postnecrotic cirrhosis. Such a rapid and relentless progression of methyldopa-induced liver injury is undoubtedly rare, but it may be prevented by careful supervision of patients who exhibit liver function abnormalities early in the course of therapy.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Parenteral nutrition is associated with intestinal morphologic and functional changes in humans.

BACKGROUND: Numerous animal studies have demonstrated intestinal villus atrophy occurs when luminal nutrition is withheld and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is provided. Intestinal morphologic and functional changes have not been well studied in humans during TPN. METHODS: Eight normal volunteers were hospitalized in the Clinical Research Center for 3 weeks. The subjects received TPN as an exclusive means of nutritional support for 14 days followed by 5 days of enteral refeeding with either a standard or a glutamine and arginine-supplemented formula. Endoscopic jejunal biopsies were taken before and after TPN and after enteral refeeding. Intestinal morphology was examined by light and transmission electron microscopy. Mucosa DNA, RNA, and protein concentrations were measured. Lactose breath hydrogen and intestinal permeability testing (urinary lactulose and mannitol excretion after an oral dose) were performed before and after TPN and after enteral refeeding. RESULTS: Total mucosal thickness decreased after TPN (645 +/- 19 to 512 +/_ 19 microns, p = .003) and increased significantly towards baseline after enteral refeeding (575 +/- 19 microns, p = .04). The change was related solely to villus height; crypt depth was unaffected. Villus cell count decreased from 179 +/- 15 to 163 +/- 12 after TPN (p = .03) and increased after enteral refeeding to 176 +/- 21 (p = .06). Crypt cell count was unaffected by TPN or refeeding. A nonsignificant decrease in the mitotic index after TPN was seen. Intracellular edema developed during TPN and resolved with enteral refeeding. The urinary lactulose-mannitol ratio increased with TPN [0.06 +/- 0.03 to 0.11 +/- 0.05 after TPN and 0.14 +/_ 0.09 after short-term enteral refeeding (p = .05)], indicating increased intestinal permeability. The urinary lactulose-mannitol ratio was significantly greater after refeeding with standard formula than the free amino acid peptide formula with glutamine and arginine (0.20 +/- 0.05, vs 0.08 +/- 0.01, p = .05). No significant differences were noted in mucosal RNA, DNA, protein, DNA-protein or RNA-DNA rations or breath hydrogen after lactose ingestion after either TPN or enteral refeeding. No significant difference in plasma glutamine was found during TPN (462.7 +/ 38.7 vs 491.8 +/- 46.1 mumol/L) or after enteral refeeding (457.3 +/- 51.4 mumol/L). CONCLUSIONS: Intestinal morphologic and functional changes occur in human for whom TPN is the sole nutritional source, although the findings in humans are substantially less significant than observed in animal models. The loss of mucosal structure may be sufficient to cause increased intestinal permeability, the clinical significance of which remains to be defined. Enteral nutrition is important in restoring and probably preventing morphologic intestinal changes associated with TPN, and a peptide and free amino acid-based formula supplemented with glutamine and arginine may have some added role. Our findings also suggest sepsis is associated with gut adaptation rather than degradation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mechanism of action of colchicine. VI: Effect of colchicine on generation of leukotriene B4 by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Three microtubule-disruptive agents (colchicine, oncodazole, and vinblastine) are shown to suppress ionophore A23187-induced generation of LTB4 in a dose-related manner. The slopes of the dose-response regression lines were similar for the three drugs. Trimethyl-colchicinic acid has no effect on LTB4 generation. The suppressive effect of colchicine (1 x 10(-6) M) can be blocked completely by taxol (1 x 10(-6) M) which promotes and stabilizes microtubule assembly. The data suggest that colchicine suppresses the generation of LTB4 via its effect on microtubules.

Alkaloids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aspiration cytology and immunohistochemistry of a pheochromocytoma-ganglioneuroma of the adrenal gland.

The results of fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology, immunohistochemical staining and electron microscopy of combined pheochromocytoma-ganglioneuroma are presented. The cytologic findings included clusters of neoplastic cells with features of a neuroendocrine tumor and aggregates of spindle-shaped cells with interspersed ganglionlike cells. Aspirated material was tested for a panel of hormones by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. The neoplastic cells showed positive staining for neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). Electron microscopy demonstrated granules similar to those of a pancreatic VIPoma in the nerve processes of the ganglioneuroma component. This appears to be the first description of the FNA cytology of a combined pheochromocytoma-ganglioneuroma. The value of immunohistochemical staining in the study of FNA material for making a specific diagnosis and the clinical implications of a preoperative diagnosis in the management of this lesion are discussed.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bronchoalveolar lavage in a girl with Gaucher's disease. A case report.

A case of Gaucher's disease with pulmonary involvement occurred. Numerous Gaucher cells were seen in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid on two occasions in a girl with Gaucher's disease and respiratory symptoms. The Gaucher cells resembled macrophages with eccentric, small, oval nuclei but were distinguished by their abundant cytoplasm with the characteristic "rumpled tissue paper" appearance. The Gaucher cells were in a cellular background composed mainly of macrophages. These cells stained strongly positive with periodic acid-Schiff stain. Electron microscopy revealed numerous intracytoplasmic, elongated, membrane-bound lysosomes containing the characteristic twisted tubular structures. Severe pulmonary involvement is seen infrequently in all types of Gaucher's disease, and it is especially rare in the adult and juvenile forms (types I and III). To our knowledge, Gaucher cells have never been found before in BAL fluid. This case shows that BAL can be a useful adjunct in diagnosing and following the progression of pulmonary involvement in patients with Gaucher's disease.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid↗