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Biomedical subjects

S Bhattacharya

Publications and source records attributed to S Bhattacharya.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The effect of insulin on amino acid metabolism and glycogen content in isolated liver cells of juvenile coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch.

Amino acid transport and [14C]leucine incorporation into liver proteins as well as the secretion of proteins into incubation medium were studied in liver cells isolated from coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) parr. Pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) or mammalian (bovine) insulin caused a significant increase in TCA-precipitable radioactivity from both cells and incubation medium. The effects appeared at insulin concentration of 10(-8) M with a maximal response at 5 X 10(-8) M. The radioactivity of the TCA-soluble fraction was not changed by insulin. Insulin increased the amount of the non-metabolized amino acid [14C]cycloleucine, in the TCA-soluble fraction of hepatocytes. The glycogen content of hepatocytes was increased in the presence of insulin at 10(-9) M but was not changed from the control value in the presence of insulin at 10(-8) M.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1984

Detoxication of industrial pollutants by the glutathione glutathione-S-transferase system in the liver of Anabas testudineus (Bloch).

The interrelationship of reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione-S-transferase in the liver of a freshwater climbing perch Anabas testudineus (Bloch) exposed to common industrial pollutants has been studied. In both short- and long-term treatments there was a concomitant decrease in reduced glutathione profile and an increase in glutathione-S-transferase activity. It may be surmised that the majority of xenobiotics of industrial origin are detoxicated by the glutathione glutathione-S-transferase pathways enabling the fish to survive exposure to the additive and/or synergistic toxicity of mixtures of poisons.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1984

A comparative study of ectopic production of human chorionic gonadotropin and human chorionic somatotropin by carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

A comparative study was made on the ectopic production of chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and chorionic somatotropin (hCS) by carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Incidence of hCG in the sera of cancer patients was much higher than hCS. hCS has a better prospect in early detection of cancer cervix than hCG. All hCS-producing tumors and the majority of hCG-producing ones were histologically diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma. The source of hCG and hCS were found to be the tumor cells. A fall or disappearance of detectable hCG and hCS was noted following surgery or radiotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Toward a complete linkage map of the human X chromosome: regional assignment of 16 cloned single-copy DNA sequences employing a panel of somatic cell hybrids.

Closely linked restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) are potentially useful as diagnostic markers of genetic defects, and, in principle, RFLPs can be employed to construct a complete linkage map of the human genome. On the X chromosome, linkage studies are particularly rewarding because in man more than 120 X-linked genes are known. Thus, it is probable that each X-specific RFLP will be of use as a genetic marker of one or several X-linked disorders. To facilitate the search for closely linked RFLPs, we have regionally assigned 16 cloned DNA sequences to various portions of the human X chromosome, employing a large panel of somatic cell hybrids. These probes have been used to correlate genetic and physical distances on Xp, and it can be extrapolated from these data that the number and distribution of available Xq sequences will also suffice to span the long arm of the X chromosome.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Ectopic production of placental hormones (human chorionic gonadotropin and human placental lactogen) in carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

Serum hCG and hPL levels were assayed simultaneously in patients with cervical carcinoma and were compared with those of a miscellaneous group of malignant conditions. It is apparent from the results that hCG secretion is of a much wider occurrence as compared to hPL. There seems to be a definite relationship between the clinical staging and ectopic hCG and hPL production. While hCG secretion is predominant in the later stages, hPL is produced in the earlier stage. It therefore seems that hPL might prove to be helpful in early diagnosis of carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Interrelationship between plasma and ovarian cholesterol in a teleost fish.

The profiles of plasma and ovarian cholesterol altered similarly as a result of seasonal influence. Fish pituitary extract and LH significantly depleted plasma and ovarian free cholesterol only, esterified cholesterol remaining unaltered. Findings indicated that plasma cholesterol was the primary source of sterol for ovarian steroidogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Penile corporoplasty with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) grafts.

Ten male dogs underwent segmental excision of tunica albuginea of corpus cavernosum penis and replacement with polytetrafluoroethylene grafts. None of the dogs exhibited acute or chronic adverse reaction to the graft. These findings suggest that PTFE may have a role in human reconstructive phalloplasty.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Phenthoate-induced changes in the profiles of acetylcholinesterase and acetylcholine in the brain of Anabas testudineus (Bloch): acute and delayed effect.

A concomitant decrease in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and increase in acetylcholine (ACh) concentration was observed in the brain of Anabas testudineus (Bloch) during a 48-h phenthoate treatment. On return to phenthoate-free fresh water, the decline in enzyme activity and rise in ACh concentration was found to persist for up to 20 days following exposure. Normal values for brain AChE activity and ACh concentration were restored only after 60 days following transfer to phenthoate-free fresh water. It is concluded that inhibition of AChE results in ACh accumulation which, in turn, initiates a faster rate of recovery of the enzyme in fish exposed to the highest concentration of phenthoate.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1983

Ammonia-induced change in the hepatic glutathione level of an air-breathing freshwater teleost Channa punctatus (Bloch).

Exposure to ammonia (NH4OH) for 48 h resulted in greater than 50% depletion of the hepatic glutathione pool in Channa punctatus (Bloch). Removal of fish to ammonia free ambience induced a rapid and excessive resynthesis of glutathione within 24 h. This level, however, decreased within 5 days of return to ammonia-free fresh water. It is concluded that ammonia stress in a freshwater air-breathing teleost is counteracted by the glutathione system of detoxication of xenobiotics and resynthesis of glutathione is induced by short-term exposure to ammonia followed by transfer to ammonia-free water.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1983

Studies on growth and enzymatic characteristics of human mammary tumours grown in heterologous host.

Human mammary tumours were grown in diffusion chambers in the heterologous host--Charle's Foster rat. The effect of oophorectomy-induced alterations of the hormonal environment of the host in breast tumour cells grown in the diffusion chamber were studied with respect to their growth patterns and enzymatic characteristics. The tumour cells not only survived but actively proliferated as indicated by the increase in cell count and formation of cell sheets as well as by the presence of mitotic figures. Cytochemical studies of certain enzymatic activities, i.e. succinic dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase indicate--except for a slight depression of the overall activity--that the distribution patterns are more or less maintained following diffusion chamber culture. The alteration of the hormonal environment by oophorectomy influences the cell growth and the enzymatic activity of the human tumour cells inside the diffusion chambers. The results clearly indicate that D.C. culture technique provides a useful method for assessment of growth and hormonal responsiveness of human tumours.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1983

DNA probes in X-linked retinitis pigmentosa.

Informative members of more than twenty families with X-linked retinitis pigmentosa have been sampled by venipuncture and DNA extracted from peripheral blood leucocytes and lymphoblastoid cell lines. X chromosome-specific recombinant DNA probes have been isolated from an X chromosomal genomic DNA library obtained by flow-sorting human chromosomes. These, and similar probes obtained from other laboratories, are being used to identify restriction fragment length polymorphisms in retinitis pigmentosa obligate heterozygotes. By analysis of linkage relationships in the offspring of double heterozygotes, it may be possible to localize the gene(s) responsible for this disorder to a particular subregion of the X-chromosome. Such probes are potentially useful for carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Transforming activity of mercury-substituted DNA synthesized in vitro by permeable cells of Bacillus subtilis.

Mercurated DNA was synthesized in permeable cells of Bacillus subtilis, using 5-mercurideoxycytidine triphosphate as one of the substrates, and was separated from parental unsubstituted DNA by isopycnic centrifugation in CsCl gradients. The ability of mercurated DNA to transform auxotrophic strains of B. subtilis to prototrophy was compared with that of normal DNA and was 10-20% of the latter. Mercurated and normal DNA bound with similar affinities to identical surface receptors of the recipient cells, but the efficiency of the bound mercurated DNA in promoting transformation was one-tenth to one-fifth of that of normal DNA. The transforming activity of mercury-substituted DNA synthesized in an in vitro system opens the way for the use of mercury as a probe to study the mechanism of bacterial transformation and various other kinds of genetic exchange.

Bacillus subtilis↗