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Biomedical subjects

S Ben Nasr

Publications and source records attributed to S Ben Nasr.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Senegalese experience of orbital cellulitis].

AIM: To show the etiological, clinical, and epidemiological aspects of orbital cellulitis at the ophthalmological clinic of A. le Dantec hospital. PATIENTS AND METHOD: This is a retrospective study conducted from January 1994 to October 2003. Sixty-eight patient records were used. We noted patients' civil status, past medical history, clinical and paraclinical examinations, treatment received before and at admission to the clinic, and progression. RESULTS: The incidence of orbital cellulitis was 8.9 cases per year. The average age of patients was 18 years and the sex ratio 2.78 in favor of males. Patients were hospitalized for a mean of 11 days. The fever was often stopped at admission. All patients had violent retrobulbar pain, associated with inflammatory exophthalmos in 77.8% of cases, and ophthalmoplegia in 67.2%. Two cases of diplopia were noted; 57.5% had sinusitis. Streptococcus was the bacterium found most frequently. In hospital, all patients received three antibiotics (ampicillin, aminoglycoside, metronidazole) and prednisone. In 51.5% of the cases, surgical treatment was necessary. Progression was favorable in 55.88% of the cases. Three patients died and 18 cases of blindness were noted. CONCLUSION: Orbital cellulitis is a young people's disorder with serious complications. This medical emergency requires a combination of effective antibiotics and a corticosteroid. Treating the source of infections is essential to avoid recurrence. In our practice, these three drugs in association in first intention was beneficial without an antibiogram.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Delirium and hallucinations in depression: cultural aspects].

Study of depression in North-Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa has shown that, since the seventies, the clinical expression of depression is markedly different from that of depression in the West. Several authors have noted the rareness of guilt themes and the frequency of persecution themes and somatic complaints in depressed Africans, even those living in the West. More recent studies have shown an evolution in depressive symptoms in North-Africa with an increase in guilt and a decrease in persecution and somatic complaints. This shift in symptoms brings the expression of depression closer to that observed in the West. Our study addresses delusional depression: in 73 cases of delusional depression, delusions of guilt were present in 31% of cases, persecution in 48% and hallucinations in 31.5%. A comparison of the sub-groups consulting in 1991 and a second sub-group consulting in 1998 shows a marked increase in guilt (23.5 versus 39%).

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[The contribution of brain imaging in acute psychotic disorders].

In recent years research on the neuronal substrate for mental disorders has considerably developed thanks to new brain imaging methods. Functional brain imaging has attracted several workers in their investigations of psychiatric diseases. Some authors have addressed the position of imaging in the diagnosis and, above all, prognosis of acute psychotic disorders. In the following paper, the authors review the published results. Both structural and functional imaging confirm the hypothesis of a neurophysiological contribution to acute psychotic disorders, as shown by ventricular dilatation and functional abnormalities. Nonetheless, imaging does not seem to have a precise and absolute diagnostic and prognostic value, although of undeniable heuristic interest.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Seasons of birth of schizophrenic patients. Retrospective study of a hospitalized population in Tunisia].

Epidemiological research concerning the seasons of births of schizophrenics show for the greatest part that there's an excess of births in winter and in the beginning of spring. Research about the environmental theories of schizophrenia suggest that there would exist one or many seasonal environmental factors affecting the foetus and the neonate, and which would be likely to increase the risk of a subsequent development of schizophrenia. As no research concerning this subject have been published so far in Africa, the writers propose to study the distribution of births of a population of schizophrenics born in Tunisia in comparison to the general population and to compare it to a group of patients hospitalized because of major affective disorders. The results achieved show a significant decrease in the number of schizophrenics births during the third trimester and an excess of births during the month of october, the risk being greater in the case of disorganized schizophrenia. The greater risk for people born in october to develop subsequently schizophrenia is not found in the case of major affective disorders but it is found rather in the case of schizo-affective disorders. More over, we notice a decrease in the number of births during the month of July for the patients presenting major affective disorders and for those presenting schizo-affective disorders. Results seem to demonstrate that there would exist seasonal environmental factors specific to North Africa which are likely to affect the subsequent appearance of schizophrenic disorders. A particular interest should be given to viral infectious to enteroviruses which are responsible for summer diarrhea in Tunisia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗