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Biomedical subjects

S Baum

Publications and source records attributed to S Baum.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Gastric antral vascular ectasia: a case report and review of the literature.

UNLABELLED: We present an 83-yr-old woman with a history of renal insufficiency, diabetes and idiopathic purpura (ITP) who experienced recurrent hemorrhage from gastric antral vascular ectasias (GAVE). METHODS: Extensive evaluation consisting of barium small bowel series, colonoscopy, abdominal CT scan and visceral angiography excluded other causes of bleeding. RESULTS: After 99mTc-labeled red cell imaging to localize the bleeding to the antrum, an antrectomy was performed. Seven months postsurgery, the patient experienced no further hemorrhage. CONCLUSION: 99mTc-labeled red cell scans can be used for the diagnosis of GAVE.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

The role of lexical status on the phonetic categorization of speech in aphasia.

Recent results with normal subjects have shown that the locus of the phonetic boundary of a speech continuum may change as a function of the word/nonword status of the endpoint stimuli. This so-called lexical effect in phonetic categorization has been used as evidence for the role of top-down processing in speech perception. This study investigated whether aphasic patients show a similar influence of lexical status on phonetic categorization. Two test continua were created varying in voice-onset time: in one continuum, the two endpoint stimuli were word/nonword, i.e., "duke"--"tuke," and in the other continuum, they were nonword/word, i.e., "doot"--"toot." Twelve aphasic patients were tested including 6 Broca's aphasics and 6 Wernicke/Conduction aphasics. The subject's task was to determine whether the first sound of the stimulus was a "d" or "t." Broca's aphasics showed a large lexical effect, with the magnitude of the effect being greater than that for normals. These results suggest that the Broca's aphasics place a heavier reliance on a heuristic strategy than on the perceptual information embedded in the test stimuli in making a phonetic categorization. In contrast, Wernicke/Conduction aphasics did not show a lexical effect, suggesting that these patients are less likely than either normals or Broca's aphasics to use heuristic strategies in lexical processing. The overall results are considered in relation to current views on language-processing deficits in aphasia.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Anticipatory co-articulation in the speech of young normal and hearing-impaired French Canadians.

The anticipatory co-articulation in the speech of a group of 10 normal young French Canadians (5 boys, 5 girls) was compared to that found in age-matched groups of 10 moderately hearing-impaired and 10 profoundly hearing-impaired French Canadians. The speech stimuli were the syllables /ti/, /tu/, /ki/, and /ku/, elicited five times each in random order. Acoustic evidence (F2 and centroid frequency measures) of co-articulation was found for all groups; however, the degree of co-articulation was smaller and less consistent across consonants for the two hearing-impaired groups. In particular, the moderately hearing-impaired subjects exhibited a reversal of the expected pattern for [ki] and [ku] stimuli; the profoundly hearing-impaired subjects did not produce sufficient [ki] and [ku] stimuli to measure co-articulatory effects reliably. In general, the profoundly hearing-impaired subjects exhibited the smallest acoustic changes as a result of the vocalic influence on the preceding consonant. Results are considered in relation to theories of speech production deficits in hearing-impaired speakers.

Child↗
PubMed1993

Massive bleeding from rectal varices.

An elderly female who experienced a life-threatening bleed from an isolated rectal varix is presented. She failed endoscopic injection sclerotherapy but responded to surgical ligation. The literature concerning well-documented bleeding from eight cases of rectal varices is reviewed. Nomenclature, diagnosis, and therapy are emphasized.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1990

Acute reversible diffuse conduction system disease due to Lyme disease.

During the acute phase of Lyme disease, a 56-year-old man without previous heart disease developed complete heart block with alternating left and right bundle branch block pattern QRS complexes. Electrophysiological study performed in the acute phase revealed marked HV prolongation, although the level of heart block was at the atrioventricular node. The heart block was mildly symptomatic and resolved (as did the bundle branch block) with antibiotic therapy. Lyme disease may cause reversible His-Purkinje disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Silent deep vein thrombosis in immobilized multiple trauma patients.

Although few trauma patients sustain fatal pulmonary embolism, a large population is at risk from nonfatal embolism due to unrecognized deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Thirty-eight of 39 immobilized trauma patients at bed rest for 10 days or longer had venographic study of their lower extremities to evaluate for the presence of silent DVT. Sixty percent of patients had silent DVT, with thrombi extending above the knee in half the patients with clot. DVT was documented in 67 percent of patients with major lower extremity fractures and 59 percent of patients without major fractures. DVT increased with increasing age but not with injury severity score.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Pyomyositis in a patient with progressive systemic sclerosis. Case report and review of the literature.

Pyomyositis has become an increasingly recognized disease in temperate climates. A patient receiving chlorambucil for progressive systemic sclerosis, in whom streptococcal pyomyositis developed, is presented. Magnetic resonance imaging led to the early diagnosis. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of pyomyositis in a patient with scleroderma, and the first association with group G streptococcus infection in an adult. Connective tissue diseases and immunosuppression may emerge as risk factors for the development of this entity.

Chlorambucil↗
PubMed1987

Radionuclide imaging in the diagnosis of hernias related to peritoneal dialysis.

Abdominal hernias are noted with increasing frequency in association with peritoneal dialysis as this mode of dialysis becomes increasingly popular. These hernias often present as localized groin edema, without evidence of a mass, on physical examination. Diagnosis is more difficult when the edema encompasses both groins. Radionuclide imaging peritoneography offers a safe, simple, well-tolerated, highly accurate method of localizing peritoneal defects. We used this method to locate and lateralize inguinal hernias in three patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis who presented with bilateral scrotal edema and who had unrevealing physical examination findings. All three had unilateral, indirect inguinal herniorrhaphies under local anesthesia and have returned successfully to peritoneal dialysis without complication.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

A critique of the concept of MRI centers.

A significant proportion of MRI units are being installed in MRI Centers that are free standing enterprises offering outpatient diagnoses separate from hospitals. The development of such Centers represents a challenge to more traditional arrangements and may have serious implications for physician responsibility that depend on their management and administration. In this review several legal and ethical issues arising from the proliferation of such Centers are analyzed and it is argued that regulatory attitudes may need to be altered to avoid major shifts of emphasis in the pattern of use of high cost imaging equipment.

Community Health Centers↗