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Biomedical subjects

S Batra

Publications and source records attributed to S Batra.

224 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Free oxygen radicals--predictors of neonatal outcome following perinatal asphyxia.

The study was undertaken to evaluate the role of free oxygen radicals in asphyxiated neonates. Thirty term neonates appropriate for gestational age and with severe birth asphyxia (Apgar score of 3 or less at 1 minute of life) formed the study subjects. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and lipid peroxidase (LPO) in the CSF of these neonates were estimated between 12 and 48 hrs of life. Enzyme estimation was performed by standard methods and the results were analysed statistically using Multivariate Logistic Regression analysis and non parametric tests namely Kruskal Wallis test and Wilcoxon's rank sum test. Out of the thirty babies, 14 were observed to be neurologically normal, 9 had significant morbidity and 7 died. The SOD levels ranged from 12.4 to 140 units/ml, GPx from 128 to 1933 nmol/min/dl, CPK from 2 to 2098 IU/dl and LPO from 5.4 to 30.8 umol/hr/dl. The SOD and GPx levels had an inverse relationship whereas rise in LPO and CPK levels were directly proportional to the extent of neurological damage and ultimate clinical outcome. CPK levels higher than 140 IU/ml were lethal and associated with 100% mortality whereas all normal neonates had CPK below 37 IU/ml. The levels of antioxidant enzymes can reliably and significantly predict mortality and morbidity whereas level of an enzyme cannot confidently confer normalcy. Hence antioxidant enzyme levels with a cut off value can be a useful marker and serve as a prognostic indicator in times to come.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Compliance with group B streptococcal disease prevention guidelines.

PURPOSE: This study assessed the degree of clinician compliance with nationally recommended guidelines for the prevention of early onset Group B Streptococcal (GBS) disease in infants. A secondary objective was to identify areas for specific educational interventions to enhance clinician compliance. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A hospital-based retrospective cohort study was undertaken at a tertiary medical center. Mothers (N = 515) with any known risk factor for GBS sepsis who delivered live infants (N = 537) in a 9-month study period participated. No interventions were done. Compliance of obstetric and pediatric clinicians with nationally recommended management algorithms for pregnant women and infants at risk for GBS disease was evaluated. RESULTS: In the combined risk factor and culture-based algorithm for maternal management, clinician compliance with administration of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (when indicated) ranged from 75% to 84%. Unindicated antibiotics were administered in 22% of the women. Among the women for whom antenatal cultures were indicated, 65% received them. Only 9% of the cultures were performed from the anogenital site, as recommended. In the risk factor-based maternal management algorithm, indicated antibiotics were administered to 76% of the women and unindicated antibiotics to 15% of the women. Use of penicillin, the recommended antibiotic, ranged from 0% to 9%. Among the infants, between 14% to 75% received recommended evaluations and 61% to 94% were observed for at least 48 hrs postdischarge. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Clinician compliance with current GBS disease prevention guidelines for mothers and infants is less than ideal. Targeted education efforts are warranted.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An unusual case of primary fallopian tube carcinoma in pregnancy.

Fallopian tube carcinoma is the rarest of all female genital tract malignancies. It usually occurs in postmenopausal women and is associated with infertility. We present the first reported case of it occurring as a primary tumor in a young primigravida. It presented as a large, rapidly growing adnexal mass at 9 weeks of gestation which was removed and found to be a papillary serous carcinoma of the fallopian tube. The patient continued the pregnancy to term and delivered a live healthy infant by ventouse. A staging laparotomy in the postnatal period showed no spread of tumor, and in view of her age and desire for further pregnancies, her uterus and other ovary and tube were conserved. She remains tumor free 2 years following detection. We discuss the incidence, progress, management, and survival rates of this rare gynecological malignancy.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Peripheral benzodiazepine receptor in human endometrium and endometrial carcinoma.

Since elevated concentrations of peripheral benzodiazepine (PBZr) have been reported in some tumors it was of interest to study the distribution PBZr in the endometrium and endometrial carcinoma. A specific ligand or PK 11195 was used to measure PBZr in the mitochondria (m-fraction) and the microsomal fraction (p-fraction). Density of binding sites and binding affinity (KD) was computed from Scatchard analysis. Binding in both m- and p-fractions from endometrium and endometrial carcinoma were saturable and of high affinity. The PBZr density in p-fraction from endometrium was slightly higher than in m-fraction, whereas the binding in m-fraction in endometrial carcinoma was more than 2-fold higher than in p-fraction. The difference between the densities in m-fraction from endometrial cancer and endometrium was highly significant (p < 0.005). There was no significant difference in the binding affinities (KD values) for PK 11195 in the various fractions. The selective increase in the density of PBZr in mitochondria of tumors suggests an association with energy demand and utilization and could be of diagnostic and/or therapeutic value in endometrial cancer. The role of a relatively high density of PBZr in microsomal fractions remains to be elucidated.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Subcellular distribution in vivo of testosterone and salt extractability of nuclear androgen complexes in the prostate and prostatic adenocarcinoma: effect of estrogen treatment.

The distribution of injected [3H]testosterone into nuclear (Nt) mitochondrial-microsomal (Mp) and cytosolic fractions (Cs) obtained from hormone-dependent R-3327 Dunning tumor, dorsal prostate, ventral prostate and heart ventricle, as a non-target tissue, was studied. Since it has been suggested that salt resistant steroid receptor complexes may represent acceptor sites, extractability of nuclear androgen complexes with high KCl (0.6 M) solution was also determined. Both orchiectomized (Or) and estrogen treated (E2) rats were used. The distribution of bound radioactivity between Nt and Cs fractions was very similar in tumors, dorsal and ventral prostate, being approximately 50% and 10% in Nt and Cs, respectively. In heart the corresponding figures were 15% and 12%, respectively. The concentration of radioactivity/mg protein in nuclear KCl-extract (Ne) from tumors was approximately 10-fold higher than that in the salt-resistant (Nr) fraction and also nearly 10-fold higher than that in Cs. Similar distribution patterns were observed in dorsal and in ventral prostate, but the concentration in Ne from ventral prostate was higher than that from tumors or dorsal prostate. Both total and bound radioactivity in Cs from heart was similar to that in the tumors, whereas the concentration in Ne from heart was < 2% of that in Ne from tumors. No significant differences were found in the distribution of radioactivity in tumors or tissues obtained from Or or E2 rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of diverse categories of drugs on human colon tumour cell proliferation.

The effect of a number of drugs belonging to different therapeutic categories on cell proliferation in a human colon cancer cell line (HT 29) was studied. Generally, drugs classified as calcium antagonists had a moderate to strong inhibitory effect on cell growth. The EC50 value for prenylamine, perhexiline and bepridil was 10 microM. The so-called calcium channel blockers (verapamil, nifedipine, diltiazem) were less effective. With the exception of the sodium selective ionophore, monensin, which was extremely potent (EC50 less than 0.1 microM), calmodulin antagonism appeared to be a common feature of compounds inhibiting cell proliferation of human colon tumour cells.

Amiodarone↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytoplasmic and nuclear progesterone receptors in human fallopian tube and their relationship to plasma steroids during the menstrual cycle.

Progesterone (P) binding sites in the ampullary and isthmic regions of the fallopian tube and corpus myometrium were measured during the follicular, ovulatory, and luteal phases. Both cytosolic and nuclear fractions were used for P receptor determination. The concentrations of P receptors were similar in the isthmus and myometrium in all three phases. Although the absolute concentration of nuclear P receptor was always lower than that of the cytosolic receptor, the overall pattern of receptor concentration in the different regions was the same, being highest in the ampulla. Both cytosolic and nuclear receptor concentrations in all tissues were lowest in the luteal phase and highest in the ovulatory phase. In all tissues examined in the luteal phase the cytosolic P receptor but not the nuclear receptor was inversely related to plasma P concentration. The data are compatible with a dual control of P receptors by estrogen and P.

Adult↗